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I'm glad you liked it. I'm trying to understand what people likes to see on my videos. Your comment helps a lot. Would you prefer to see more videos describing how electronic components work? Or would you prefer to see more on DIY? Thank you!

@@eleneasy Currently I am trying to learn more about capacitors and inductors, but I would be interested in watching any videos on electronics you would care to provide. However, I also like DIY projects as well. I've subscribed to your channel and will continue to keep up with your videos. (I have a similar scope -- 5202 -- and plan to duplicate the demonstration you provided after I've managed to make a low noise signal generator with an Arduino board.)

Glad it was helpful!

Thank you!

Thank you!

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Have fun!

Thank you! Really appreciate the comment.

Yes, it depended on the amplitude of the signal coming from the generator. Depending on what i wanted to show, I had to adjust the settings to emphasize what i needed. The alternative was to keep changing the values of the capacitor and the resistor.

you need to consider two important things. When a capacitor is charged, the more charges it stores, the higher is its voltage. When a voltageis applied to a resistor, a current flows through it. This current increases when the voltage increases and vice versa. If you have a capacitor in series with a resitor, and we apply a voltage to the system, since the capacitor is initially discharged, its voltage will be 0V. Therefore, the difference of potential, or voltage, at the resistor, will be equal to the voltage applied to the system. Because of this voltage, a certain amount of current will start flowing. The current, on the other end, will bring new charges to the capacitor, which will start accumulating them and will start increase its voltage. Once the voltage at the capacitor increases, the one at the resistor will decrease proportionally, which will cause the current to diminish as well. So the current is initially high, and then it will become less. Now, if we repeat this same reasoning again, you'll see that the capacitor will increase the voltage due to the new, lower current. This increase in voltage will cause a decrease in voltage at the resistor and a currnet even lower. So, at the end, the current will flow slower and slower until it won't be possible to measure it anymore. Initially it will decrease faster, but then it will decrease slower and slower.. And that is the reason why we see that kind of curve for the charging of the capacitor. The discharge happen in a similar way, but this time we invert the voltage applied to the series of the resistor and the capacitor and, therefore, the curve on the oscilloscope will look like is upside down with respect to the previous cycle. Hope this helps.

Yes, there are ways to tell if a capacitor is good or not. The answer won't fit easily in this answer, so I'll make a video out of it. I'll put it on my to do list and make it soon. Thank you for the question!

The generator helps because it can repeat over and over again the process. But, if you are only looking at execting the charge process once, then you can power the circuit through a DC power supply or a battery in series with a switch. Leave the switch open and conenct everything like it was the generator. Then, close the switch and the capacitor will charge. If you set the oscilloscope to see only one shot, you will see the charge cycle. To see the dicharge cycle, open again the switch but, this time, connect the other end of the switch to ground instead of the DC power supply/battery. When you close the switch the capacitor will discharge and, again, you can see that single discharge on the oscilloscope if you use it to show a single shot.

It can actually be seen from the oscilloscope itself, although I didn't mention it in the video. Sorry about that. The input square signal has an amplitude of 15V and a frequency of about 1.4kHz. Note that the amplitude of the output signal is not displayed correctly, because I was using an attenuated probe (x10) but the oscilloscope was not set to measure the attenuated signal. So, although you see 50V/div on the second channel of the oscillosco, it is in reality 5V/div. So, as it is supposed to be, the max amplitude of both input and output signals is the same: 15V. Also, note that although I used a frequency of 1.4kHz, you will probably need to change it if you are using values of capacitor and resistor different than what I did. The frequency needs to be adjusted based on the timing constant of the circuit: T = RC. In general you have to calculate the timing constant and then use a frequency of the same order of magnitude as 1/T = 1/RC.

Actually is neither. The motor runs with alternate current, right? The capacitor, when working in AC, has a different behavior from a high level perspective. In AC, the capacitor behaves like a resistor. And it's resistance is actually called reactance. It is different than resistance itself because it changes the phase of the current with respect to the voltage. The motor has also a reactance. But this one works in the opposite way as the one of the capacitor. Putting the two together, the phase difference of the voltage and current are neutralized and so an active power can be generated, as opposed as a reactive power, and the motor can use this active power to convert the corresponding electric energy in mechanical energy. And therefore the motor can start running.

Thanks for the quick reply. I think I understand it now. The start capacitor is added to correct the lagging current caused by the inductive load of the motor. This increases the power factor by putting the current and voltage waveforms closer into phase with each other. In short, you add the capacitor to correct the power factor. Thanks again!

@@bernardocisneros4402 Exactly to the point!

You have to use a frequency corresponding to at least 10 times less that the timing constant provided by the capacitor and the resistor you are using. Otherwise, the generator will switch the polarity of the signal before the transient can still be visible. Try to reduce the frequency of the generator and you should be able to see the transients.

Well, yes that function generator you see in the video was made by myself way before I started making videos, that's why you couldn't find. If you are interested in buying one at low cost, I see there are several options on Amazon, ranging from about $10 to $100. It all depends on what you want to use it for. This one, for example, is based on the same IC i used for mine, but is very basic: www.amazon.com/ICQUANZX-Precision-Generator-Adjustable-Frequency/dp/B07V674HZY/ref=sr_1_5?crid=WEIEEXDT4N4K&keywords=function+generator&qid=1706289323&sprefix=function+generator%2Caps%2C122&sr=8-5 This other one has a smaller range, but it seems good enough for Audio applications, and It ha a nice display and controls: www.amazon.com/1HZ-500KHZ-Functional-Generator-Seesii-Frequency/dp/B08NSR5GYR/ref=sr_1_3?crid=WEIEEXDT4N4K&keywords=function%2Bgenerator&qid=1706289323&sprefix=function%2Bgenerator%2Caps%2C122&sr=8-3&th=1 Finally, I could suggest an entry level instrument that is also capable of creating any shape you like, a true function generator, rather than a signal generator, but it is around 100 bucks: www.amazon.com/Koolertron-Generator-Precision-Dual-channel-Arbitrary/dp/B07211YWMK/ref=sr_1_4?crid=WEIEEXDT4N4K&keywords=function+generator&qid=1706289323&sprefix=function+generator%2Caps%2C122&sr=8-4&ufe=app_do%3Aamzn1.fos.18ed3cb5-28d5-4975-8bc7-93deae8f9840 This last one is actually very similar to the one I currently use in my lab.

Sorry to hear that.This should be basic stuff to learn. Hope you enjoied my video.