Anticholinesterase, any of several drugs that prevent the destruction of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase within the nervous system. Acetylcholine acts to transmit nerve impulses within the parasympathetic nervous system-i.e., that part of the autonomic nervous system that tends to induce secretion, to contract smooth muscles, and to dilate blood vessels.
The autonomic nervous system (ANS), formerly the vegetative nervous system, is a division of the peripheral nervous system that supplies smooth muscle and glands, and thus influences the function of internal organs. The autonomic nervous system regulates certain body processes, such as blood pressure and the rate of breathing. This system works automatically (autonomously), without a person’s conscious effort. It carries information about the inside of the body to the CNS and controls the action of internal organs, including the gut, the heart, the secretion of epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) from the medulla (middle part) of the adrenal gland, etc.
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is divided into three divisions: the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric. The sympathetic division regulates the use of metabolic resources and coordinating the emergency response of the body to potentially life-threatening situations (“fight or flight”). The parasympathetic division usually presides over the restoration of metabolic reserves and the elimination of wastes (“rest and digest”). The enteric nervous system is usually considered separately because of its restricted location to the intestines and related organs
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