Burundi - bujumbura to gigete Sri lanka - colombo to sri jayavardenepura U missed them Edit-thanks for those likes

You should have mentioned Iran. They have changed their capital more than any country in the world (32X)

The Philippines

England

@@asingh9121 Parece que les di idea a muchos. :)

Yes

Yup, it’s was a slave port.

Isso mesmo!

Brasília is the modern capital tho

@Abi Brown cool

Does provisional capitals count tho?

@Ino, it’s the same city, in Brazil

@I Yes, it is. Long story...

@I Yes, between 1808 and 1821 the capital of Portugal was in Brazil (in Rio de Janeiro). But, at that time, Brazil was part of Portugal. Brazilian independence took place 1 year after the capital's return to Lisbon, in 1822. This return was even one among several reasons for independence.

@I At the time it was in Portugal...

I saw in Wikipedia that Kuala Lumpur (which id love to visit) is listed as the capital and Putrajaya is listed as the “administrative center”. Which supports what you say Izar Azmi.

same goes to Korea

South Africa has three (3) Capital cities.

@@GoodjobSkill Seoul and which other city?

Yes, some countries have an economic capital and a separate administrative/political capital.

If I remember correctly they didn´t want to put it in Frankfurt because it would probably end up being a permanent capital, whereas Bonn was an insignificant city before so it would eventually be moved to Berlin.

@@skeletalforce9673 that was one reason but IMHO the even greater reason was that Bonn was a clean slate without much historic significance. Sort of a symbol of an entirely new republic.

Thanks, guys, for the informations. This is why I like read descriptions and comments under the videos, hoping to learning something new.

@@tobiwan001 another important reason was that... well all other cities were kinda bombed to death. Cologne was also up to debate, but it was destroyed. Bonn on the other hand remained fairly save, so it was decided to make Bonn the capital. (Also, the Bundeskanzler liked Bonn)

Bern is the de facto capital. It's like some Americans saying the US doesn't have an official language even though English is the de facto one

​@@Forlfir no switerland does not have a capital, the congress is on bern specfically because it was a small city and not "more important" than any other state. and the united states offical language is offically english, not de facto. all product sold in the us is required to have labels printed in english therefore offical language. the two things you are comparing are tottally different.

@@Ash_Lawless you explained what "de facto" means with your argument. The United States does not have an official language, you can easily look this up even on official websites. And indeed, Bern isnt the capital, it is the de facto capital because it has reasons to be considered something similar to a capital even tho it isn't, officially. Like I said, you literally explained the definition of "de facto"

I agree. I think when we call Bern the capital, it's to fit Switzerland into a box.

@@j.s.7335 exactly, and along with Switzerland we also have Nauru, Nauru doesn't have a capital either but the international community considers Yaren as its capital since the seat of government is there, also a "de facto" capital. Again, I'm using internationally agreed terms here, not something "I think is true", it's a result of years of research I've been doing

True 😂

Lol

us is recent

@@v.k5417 DC became the capital in 1790, Ankara in 1923

@@simiaki12 well yeah i realize he is saying in comparison ankara is recent, but 1790 is not very old.

And now it’s no other than the US who’s responsible for defending such attack lol

Yeah

Vatican 'state', like its 'church' is illegitimate!

@@DMSProduktions the Vatican State is in fact legitimate the countries recognize it kkkkkkkkkk

@@DMSProduktions no u

@@sebbo_h7121 Excuse me? Me what?

@@fairweather1704 WTF? Spam the islamospam!

I didn't know that! Sounds like a logical reason, even if unfair towards the people who should be able to protest directly at the institutions that represent them

@@General.Knowledge in case u havent seen in another comment ,before Rio de Janeiro the capital of Brazil was Salvador only changing to Rio in 1791 or 93

1763*

@@General.Knowledge well i mean, nowadays there are massive protests in the in Brazilia still, when you build a city people follow, so if that was the mais reason, it was pretty dumb

@@randowdude6847 Yes, but besides the fact Brasília is still less than half the size of Rio, the way it was built- very spread, very unfriendly to pedestrians, etc, make harder to concentrate people in front of Congress and the presidential palace than it was in Rio. The subway also doesn't go to the Praça dos Três Poderes (Three Powers Square), and while they won't admit, it is to make harder for protesters.

What about "Some even have two" - whaaat

@@7girl South Africa

Arijenjen and Yaren is fighting

@@ahmed4100 south africa has 3 capital. Bolivia has two

I mean it’s one tiny island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, there isn’t room to have a true capital “city”.

And to add, it was changed due to increasing anti-British sentiments in Bengal at the time, so Delhi seemed like a good place to make the new capital.

India not only changed its capital Delhi>Kolkata>New Delhi but also changed capital's name from Hastinapur>Indraprastha> Delhi

@@ananddeshpande2156 except that it wasn't called India back when the capitals used to be Indraprastha/Hastinapur. Even the borders were largely different

​@@shrek6869 you understand Hindi?

@@ananddeshpande2156 well hastinapur is in meerut which is a little but far from delhi

The more fun fact is Kyoto and Tokyo are reversible words- Western Capital and Eastern Capital. Kyo-to versus To-kyo

@@SantomPh oh yeah! I never noticed that before

@@SantomPh nah, its Kanji characters are different, with 京都 (Kyoto) literally means Capital and 東京 (Tokyo) means East Capital

Here in the Philippines we have Meiji biscuits.

nara > kyoto > tokyo

yes true but I thought we had a capital in like 17 hundreds

Oh the story behind Russell being our first capital is so crazy. Basically there are two places called Russell, known in Maori as Okiato and Kororāreka (using their Maori names will help). Originally Govenor Hobson thought Kororāreka would be a good place for the captial but sadly this port had become a hive of scum and villainy. So instead he bought land 5km south in Okiato and called the place Russell. Kororāreka was then called the Port of Russell and they were collectively treated as one. It didn't take long till Hobson regretted this decision and moved our capital out of Russell to Auckland. With no reason to ever go to Russell (Okiato) anymore, the place became basically abandoned and the Port of Russell (Kororāreka) eventually dropped the "port of" so we have two Russells. To add to the silliness, both areas have the same councils, are very close and have such low populations that keeping them separate makes no sense. But even today we often call them Russell/Kororāreka and Old Russell/Okiato and treat them differently. Anyway TL;DR Okiato is both technically right and wrong as our first capital as the place was called Russell at the time but isn't the Russell we think of as Russell even though the two should be one but isn't for unknown reasons. We Kiwis are total idiots sometimes haha

He is Portuguese

Bro, Brasília it's not on point, cuz it's with the Portugal Portuguese accent, same with Rio de janeiro

Everyone seems to pronounce hard words easily but no one but an Australian can pronounce Canberra

@@dieselboy.7637 and since those places were named by portuguese people that came to Brazil, his accent is correct

@@thetobernator4548 hard is subjective

Yes, tell that to Borat Sagdayev!

@@DMSProduktions 😐 hilarious my man

@@saulgoodmanKAZAKH Indeed!

You are right, they were trying to separate northern Kazakhstan

This is the reason I knew also. The Economist has covered the topic of capital changes without being afraid of the comments section.

It's a pity that Karakorum isn't the capital of Mongolia anymore.

so rather than moving the capital city, mongolia's city itself moved

and then the war of 1812..

​@@General.Knowledge Ontario and Quebec are two of the biggest provinces and both had lots of political power, each province wanted capital in their respective province. It took 17 years to agree on the location. Ottawa is in Ontario but it is closer to Quebec.

@@GeographyNuts The recent pandemic has also brought into sharp focus how much of a mistake it has been for Ottawa to be on a provincial boundary but not its own self-governing territory (like Canberra is).

@@davidjames4915 Yes. it has.

It wasn't quite regularly at 4 years, but close enough. If you include the 1840s, Kingston also served 1841-44 and Montreal 1844-49.

So much alike our modern politicians!

300 IQ

Stonks before stonks was even a thing

@@marciacacruz27 currently happening in indonesia.

It was in 1946-1949 during Operation Kraai, a Dutch military offensive against our newly formed nation.

@Jo SM yeah, the city has a distinctive vibes.. they preserve their culture so well

@@alvinaliathos6137 Yogyakarta and Bukittinggi is a temporary capital while Jakarta controlled by the Dutch during military aggression.

as an Indonesian, I agree with you. To be more precise, this is the list of Indonesian capitals from time to time: 17 Aug 1945 Jakarta 4 Jan 1946 Yogyakarta 19 Dec 1948 Bukittinggi 6 Jul 1949 Yogyakarta 17 Aug 1950 Jakarta 28 Aug 1961 de jure Jakarta (until now) The New Capital (Ibukota Negara Baru, abbreviated as IKN) is currently planned to be operational started from 2024.

@@steveadinegoro oh yes, good job and thank you for explaining this, i was about to write this on the comment section

It made me cringe when he pronouced Can-bear-ra

We pronounce all the letters. Also Cause we have a rule to use M prior B replacing N, its okey to us say Cam-Beh-Ra "Can-bra" its really interesting and good to know

@@Eli-007 Most Aussies would pronounce it CAMbra (or camBERRa) without realising that it’s actually an M they’re using.

Also Melbourne is pronounced MEL-BURN

@@robweckert5689 or even Mel-Ben

The Russians are the ones who did that, right?

@@Forlfir Correct. After the annexation of Finland by the Russian Empire in early 1800s. The Capital was moved because Turku was too close to Sweden and Helsinki was easier to defend and get access to from Russia.

@@Forlfir Speaking of the Russians, they too changed their capital. During WW1 The Germans were technically.........whoopin Russia's a**.(lol) And they were getting closer and closer to St. Petersburg, and Lenin and his government were worried of them taking them and the capital, so they moved to today's Moscow.

@@General.Knowledge Long story short: Russia

@@General.Knowledge Turku was too Swedish influenced and a more central area for the capital was needed. Helsinki was established geographically "midway" between Sweden and Russia.

"Putrajaya" What a Beautiful Name

@@trabacula2000 Putrajaya was named after Malaysia's first Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al Haj, much of the Ministries of the Federal Government are now located including the Office of the Prime Minister. The Federal Parliament meanwhile remained in Kuala Lumpur.

@ARP ya true!

Kuala Lumpur is for all intents and purposes both the Administrative and financial capital of Malaysia due to its proximity to Putrajaya, they're basically part of the same city

ayo spot a Malaysian!!! #kerajaangagal #azminletakjawatan

My globe said the capital of tanzania is dar es salaam

Think there’s plans to move it again with Metro Manila literally having little to no room to expand and with high risk of flooding being sandwiched between Manila Bay and Laguna Lake. Think they’re building a new city between Tarlac City in Tarlac and Angeles City in Pampanga so it would have way more room to expand as well as good road and water connections via Tarlac river. Though I’m not sure if it’s wise to build it so close to Mt Pinatubo 😂

Well he probably did that because the majority of his viewers are probably American. But in reality most Americans could care less what the capital was before Washington DC.

Good judge

maybe also to give background information

I'm Scottish and we changed capital city back in 1437 so i guess it's relatively recent 😅

1790 is not as old as you think

Melbourne was not the capital in "colonial times", it was the capital from federation and independence, 1901 !. Sydney was capital from 1788 !!! Capt Phillip's papers said he was responsible for N.Z. too ! ( But the Sydney authorities never went to NZ much and it was private settlers who went to NZ..) But by 1901 the other colonies had split off and answered to London directly , not to Sydney.

First capital of was Calabar even before Lagos.😊

@@marcusibe589Imagine a Nigerian claiming Lagos was the first capital of Nigeria. Same people might be the ones editing informations about Nigeria on Wikipedia. They’ll probably tell you Hausa or Yoruba is the official language of Nigeria and islam is the official religion.

True

1991

That was 400 years ago. But 200 years ago we started talking about Industrial Society

@Polski Nacjonalista Some sources say that Poznań was before Gniezno, based on the bishop thing that I don't remember what was called in English.

Białystok may have briefly been the capital of Masovia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Historical_capitals_of_Poland

That was 4th Century ago

That capital change is during the dutch attacks and its not literal capital, its emergency capital

Bukittinggi not Padang

@@koerindoe ah right... Thanks for correction

Well this is awkward.....😬

@@dutchgameboi2892 hahaha i see what did you there

Colombo was not the capital of Sri Lanka at all.It was a port and was part of the larger city of Sri Jayawardenapurakotte

@@geocritic3577 colombo once was a capital. Till they changed it in 1982. Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte became the main capital. Although some people still think Colombo is the capital of Sri Lanka.

The latest was Burundi from Bujumbura back to Gitega

Sri Lankan here. Colombo was the capital till it was moved in 1982. Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte is like a suburb of Colombo. Colombo is still the commercial hub and main city while Kotte hosts a few government buildings and the parliament.

Indonesia too they will change from Jakarta to a rural town in Borneo Is

if I'm not wrong, Pekin is still Beijing, it changed how it's written in English, but for some other languages we still use the Pekin format (like in Portuguese, we still say Pequim)

Yeah, in Russian we call it Пекин.

in 20th century, Chinese capitals had changed few times, Beijing, then Nanjing, then Chongqing, then Beijing/Taipei. Pekin is Beijing, just different spieling.

India- Calcutta (Now Kolkata) to New Delhi

@@pelinalwhitestrake3367 In Macedonian we call it Пекинг.

Wait, u guys going to change CAPITAL CITY or Administrative ?. Malaysia built up frm ground up, Administrative capital - PutraJaya. But Officialy CAPITAL city is still Kuala Lumpur.

@@kentershackle1329 : change Capital city no more jakarta, but Jakarta become businesses city as well.

@Jo SM 2022

@@sekardhanilintangbaruna8811 yeah its the start of building but the goverment will move between 2033-2035

@@kentershackle1329 change capital city, who's talking about Malaysia here?

😄

Any interesting ones?

@@hungjury7482 some notable ones in history: Achaemenid dynasty: ancient city of Pasargadae, ancient city of Susa Parthian dynasty: Hamadan, ancient city of Susa Sassanian dynasty: ancient city of Estakhr, ancient city of Susa, ancient city of Ctesiphon Samanid dynasty: Bukhara, Samarqand Tahirid dynasty: Nishapur Safavid dynasty: Tabriz, Qazvin, Isfahan Afsharid dynasty: Mashhad Zand dynasty: Shiraz Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties and Islamic Republic: Tehran

What about China?

That's really interesting, thank you!

During the Roman Empire itself, the capital moved at least twice, first to Mediolanum (Milan) and then to Constantinople when the west fell (simplified).

And South Africa.

switzerland has bern though

He mean every country has at least 1 capital. Nauru is just an exception

@@j4jsk902 As the seat of the Federal Council and Assembly, Bern is considered the SEAT of government and DEFACTO capital of Switzerland. But, in line with their Central European ultra-federalism, it is never officially referred to as the capital.

isn't genève the capital of switzerland?

Well, also because it is in the middle of the 13 colonies

He said ‘alot of them are centuries old’ after mentioning turkey. That doesn’t mean all

Turkey has a historic feel. USA doesn’t have that historic feel.

@@thekraken1173 does turkey have a historic feel because you've never traveled outside your country?

@@thatguy740 one of them literally has a thousand years old rivalry with founder of europe(greece).

@@thatguy740 No. USA has a newer feel because it is a country that has less history and it is a country that is significantly newer.

It’s in the video lol

Lovely innit

@@General.Knowledge 🐸

Because of BORAT

I used to ride daily from Chapman into Barton and back via bike paths, the ice on those paths during winter was no joke.

Compared to what?? It just happens to be the only major Australian city situated inland and therefore experiencing a real continental climate with 4 equal seasons and a real winter. As a result, Australians, who have not lived in a place with a real winter, think they've discovered the 3rd level of Dante's ice inferno, whereas anyone from northern Europe or North America would laugh at was passes for winter in Canberra.

Nah! Canberra is always toasty WARM due to all the HOT air that blows out of Parliament House!

@Jo SM You seem an expert: How many years have you lived there?

@Exalt Chrom Yeah, & it's MANUKA oval, not Manuka!

The architect is already designed the building

TELL all the terrorists in your country to STOP deliberately spreading covid-19 as a weapon of jihad!

@@DMSProduktions What do you mean? It is such a fool thing, dude. Do you have any proof of it?

@@DMSProduktions you have some loose screws

@@dimactavicus Err NO! Have any proof? How MANY Indonesians do you know? Probably NONE! Unlike me! You sound like an Islamophile!

They had a capital called “tall hill"? And I thought Islamabad was very literal...

@@rks11106 lmao tall hill 😭😭

@@rks11106 something I wonder what the guy first thought before naming that hill

@RendomT Yeah. 😃 Doon sana hinahangad na orihanal na ipatayo ang National Capitol sa Lungsod ng Quezon at kung saan din sana ililipat o ilalagay ang Kongreso. Ito rin ay parte ng mas malawak na National Government Center o NGC na kung saan din sana ililipat o ilalagay ang mga pangunahing sangay ng gobyerno na ehekutibo, hudikatura, at lehislatibo. Ang NGC ay nasa may palibot ng Elliptical Road at ng Quezon City Quadrangle, at dito sana ang magiging sentro o puwesto ng pamahalaang nasyonal ng ating bansa.

@RendomT It was a quick decision to change it after the war as Manila was in tatters after the Second World War (2nd most destroyed capital city after Warsaw) and became the Capital as it really was intended to be the capital, with the Quezon Circle to become a roundabout full of government institutions, until President Marcos decreed Manila to be the capital again for historical reasons, as it was the main city even during the 40s-70s while Quezon City was the Capital.

But way back during the arrival of the Spanish. Didn't they made Cebu as the capital of the Philippines before choosing Manila?

@@k-studio8112 ✌️😃🇵🇭 Yeah. The area of what is now Cebu City or the whole or entire island of Cebu was the first capital of the Philippines when Miguel Lopez de Legaspi established the first Spanish settlement in the islands, before the area of what is now the province and the city of Iloilo in Panay island became the second Spanish settlement in the islands and was established as a capital, and before they conquest the area of what is now Manila in Luzon island, which then later on served as the seat of the Spanish colonial government in the Philippines. There had been many other changes in the capital or national capital and the seat of government of the Philippines depending on the republic, who was or who were in charge or in authority and in power at a given time in history, the government and the type of government, and other historical factors and events like as a result of invasions, attacks, battles, and wars which resulted the Philippines to have a government-in-exile and to have temporary headquarters in other places or areas in our country or in other countries. The most recent change was Manila aka Manila City or the City of Manila as the capital of the newly independent Third Republic of the Philippines from 1945 to 1948, then it changed to Quezon City or the City of Quezon from 1948 to 1975, and then back to Manila as the country's capital from 1976 up until now in the present, but also with the whole or entire and newly reorganized and formed metropolitan area of the National Capital Region or NCR (aka Manila Metropolitan Area/Metro Manila) as the seat of government.

Just to name a few @Sining Tadhana

Its justs as empty as my brain

@@mip5944 how nic3

Just like ESEMKA car of Indonesia

Putrid, what a stink!

@@DMSProduktions Putrajaya.. Putra is the name the first prime minister Malaysia Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra AL-Haj. He is kedah royal family. The oldest monarch unbroken line since 500BC House of Mahawangsa..

Yes exactly - first Turin/Torino, then Florence/Firenze from 1865, and lastly Rome from 1870 onwards.

True, but it was always supposed to be Rome, for obvious historical reasons. When Italy was unified in 1861 Rome was still controlled by the Church State so we needed a temporary capital until we were finally able to recapture the city.

yeah but before unification there was no Italian nation, there were fractured kingdoms who didn't even speak the same language. Every kingdom had it's own dialect

@@Geckotr As an Italian myself, allow me to disagree. The Italian nation (meaning a group of people who feel a sense of shared community based on language, culture and historical heritage) existed way before the unification. Traces of Italian shared culture can be seen as far back as the 1200s, when the vulgar languages started to be used in place of Latin, and there was always a common sense of what it means to be "Italian". It's true that we lived for a long time divided into smaller kingdoms, each with its own unique identity, but that was mostly a political division that originated from contingent historical reasons, not a cultural one. The unification itself couldn't have happened at all if there was no Italian nation that wanted it to happen.

He also said ' sare jaha se achha Hindustan hamara, hum bulbule hain iske yein gulsita hamara,

Some Islamic guy should be saying how it was the sword which created nations, not the poet. I don't even think they believe in art too much.

@@silverletter4551 while i agree that nations are usually created by the sword, saying islamic cultures don’t appreciate arts or poetry is like, the most ahistorical take ever lmao

@@silverletter4551 *cries in Rumi*

@@silverletter4551 do read a book or two, Allama iqbal, omar bin khayyam, kahlil gibran and shah abdul latif are few of the many poets that have been there Islamic tradition of poetry and arts are well known even in the west

It was british india back then not the independent one

Delhi is capital from Mughal period

Delhi had always been the capital of India since the Mughals; while other kingdoms and empires in the Indian Subcontinent had their own capitals. Kolkata (erstwhile Calcutta) was simply the capital of the British East India company. So when India formally fell under the British Empire, the capital was in a way still there in Delhi only.

@@sohampendokhare5357 Historically Delhi wasn't always capital of India , It was became capital in 7th century.

India didn't exist before 1947. British Raj capital was Kolkata. He didn't say empire capitals, he said national empires. If he said empire he would mention the Mughal Empire capital too

Is this a joke?

I am not pronouncing either of those like that.

@@fullsendenboi5984 No this is how Australians pronounce the two cities.

@@r97neal Okay well who cares?

@@fullsendenboi5984 watch geography now's territories and states of Australia video.

Wow you smart

He intensely forgot Burundi . 🙃

You obviously never went to $10 Schnitzel Mondays at the Canberra Trade Union Club (conditions apply). You can stick the Reichstag or the Eiffel Tower right up your bum after that.

It’s boring asf

It’s very pretty but fairly small compared to Sydney and Melbourne and mostly just an administrative city. It is a lot more lively and interesting nowadays but not somewhere you want to spend much time in.

@@mborder8428 LOL!

At least it’s not as boring as Ottawa and being from Ottawa, pains me to say that Ottawa is, yeah, pretty boring.

Wait,do you live in morocco?

@@yourfellowscratchjrenthusiast yep

Next western sahara

@@MADAN0401 next Catalonia 🙂

That’s a lot of capital moving

@Seth Greenberg Most of the USG buildings are in the SW and SE sections of DC. Most of this part of town is only a few meters above the current sea level. The National Mall is around 16 meters above near the Capitol building, The Washington Monument is on a bluff that pushes it up to 20 meters but the end by the Lincoln memorial is pretty close to sea level. Long story short, if the sea rises people in the DMV are going to need to invest in waders.

Yeah

Yeah

Yeah

🇵🇰💚

Pakistan gang

But isn't Bern the de facto Capital? Like where their "federal government"?

@@BubbaJ18 Each canton capitol has a part of the federal government in residence. Bern is just where the Swiss Parliament meets.

Capital!

I think bern is the capital

@@mohammadnairaragasi8062 That’s just the international administrative center… Every canton has parts of the Federal government. The federal court is based in Lausanne for example.

Laughed at that too. (Native New Yorker).