Ask Prof Wolff: Free Markets & Monopolies

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Democracy At Work

Democracy At Work

Жыл бұрын

A Patron of Economic Update asks: "In college many years ago I took a couple introductory courses in economics. There I learned that a free market was a market with perfect competition where buyers and sellers could freely enter the competition. From this definition, it followed that a free market would set the price on a good so that supply equaled demand. And there was enough of a discussion on this definition to conclude that a monopoly or oligopoly could not exist in a free market; moreover it was generally understood that government oversight and regulation was needed to maintain a free market. Today, however a free market has been re-defined as a market without government interference of any sort. My question then is how economics is taught today; it would seem that with this new definition of a free market, just as with perfect competition, any significance of the supply and demand curve intersection would be irrelevant."
This is Professor Richard Wolff's video response.
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Пікірлер: 97
@lindascanlan6317
@lindascanlan6317 Жыл бұрын
Good morning Professor Wolff...our go to guru of all things economics and what not...xx
@toddgaak422
@toddgaak422 Жыл бұрын
LOL. Go read someone that actually knows something about Economics. Like Friedman, Heyak, or Sowell.
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
@@toddgaak422 while those people knew a thing or two, they didn't understood the first principles either. Otherwise they'd come up with proper theory and based on that a way that democratic free markets would beat whatever it is we are living in (monopolism - a societal ideology in which the rule enforcing framework benefits a few at the cost of the rest.).
@PoliticalEconomy101
@PoliticalEconomy101 Жыл бұрын
The prize for winning the game of monopoly should be nationalization.
@adams5507
@adams5507 Жыл бұрын
doing away with government interventions returns us to competitive capitalism that then destroys itself 7:10 thanks for the solution prof
@grizzlycharizard0017
@grizzlycharizard0017 Жыл бұрын
@@TheBigGSN5 Which is even worse.
@lindascanlan6317
@lindascanlan6317 Жыл бұрын
I understood the power of advertising after reading "From Those Wonderful People Who Brought You Pearl Harbor" back when.....
@plastictouch6796
@plastictouch6796 Жыл бұрын
Free markets result in unfree markets. There are winners and losers in the competition. Markets keep scarce resources in short supply. A centrally planned economy doesn't have these problems.
@romanyarkov8426
@romanyarkov8426 Жыл бұрын
Any economy is planned. Even capitalist. Any enterprise has a plan for production and consumption and expansion or contraction. I worked for an enterprise where we even tried to make purchases of glass and metal - automatically, through the ERP system), but unfortunately, our supply department was corrupt and received dividends from suppliers, and this fact did not particularly bother the business owner. He completely trusted the head of the supply department.🤣
@bluewater454
@bluewater454 Жыл бұрын
“A centrally planned economy doesn’t have these problems”? 🤔 Name one.
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
It's not a free market when one team controls the money printer and can buy out all the competition then control the market as they please making everyone their slaves....
@jamesmorton7881
@jamesmorton7881 Жыл бұрын
No more Cheap Oil, the club of Rome collapse. . . . .
@davedismantled
@davedismantled Жыл бұрын
Hmmmmm, 10's of millions of people that starved in Soviet Russia and China clearly show you have no grasp of recent history and centrally planned economies.
@robertbentzel8105
@robertbentzel8105 Жыл бұрын
Sadness at the Edge of Town. Great Springsteen album
@Gigika313
@Gigika313 Жыл бұрын
Wolff said it best, the system is the problem. ✅
@bluewater454
@bluewater454 Жыл бұрын
Yes, Marxists tell you that if you have problems, you can blame it all on the “system”. It is so much easier than personal responsibility.
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
It's not a free market when one team controls the money printer and can buy out all the competition then control the market as they please making everyone their slaves.... This circumvents the positive aspects of competition. 🧐
@lidstrom-yd5pb
@lidstrom-yd5pb Жыл бұрын
I wonder what Professor Wolff thinks of an economic philosophy like distributism? It focuses on keeping economic activity as family-based and community-based as possible. Distributism envisions economic life as being primarily a local and regional system that also recovers artisanship and craftsmanship as much as possible. I would love to hear Professor Wolff's thoughts on an economic philosophy like distributism...
@olafsrensen9578
@olafsrensen9578 Жыл бұрын
Third volume of Marx"s Kapital Monopol Kapitalism is a must !
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
I'd rather suggest 'The Myth of Capitalism' by Tepper and Hearn (2019) as it describes our real existing world of today.
@Jay...777
@Jay...777 Жыл бұрын
A good explanation of why free markets & completion are fiction in the US today.
@GhostOnTheHalfShell
@GhostOnTheHalfShell Жыл бұрын
A diverse market of buyers and sellers is a kindred of democracy but the nature private ownership by a few concentrates economic power.
@vineetsoni2675
@vineetsoni2675 10 ай бұрын
In every country it is always and everywhere in the interest of the great body of people to buy whatever they want from those who sell it cheapest. The Proposition is so very manifest that it seems ridiculous to take any pains to prove it. Nor could it ever have been called into question hadn't the self history of merchants and sellers confounded the common sense of mankind. There interest is in this respect directly opposite to the great body of people.
@haroldt.5175
@haroldt.5175 Жыл бұрын
What is Wolff's opinion on the inefficiency and corruption in government? I am not against the government, I love roads, education, and health care. Just thinking critically
@nancyhirsch7768
@nancyhirsch7768 Жыл бұрын
Good question, but which country would you focus on? If it's the US, the federal government was deregulated and gutted by neoliberalism (Reagan and Thatcher) so corporations stepped up to buy influence which is why we are facing this mess now. I haven't lived outside the US long enough, but to think of a country like Norway, it doesn't outwardly appear to be awash in inefficiency or corruption. Or you could think of this in another way. What is better for the average American, the Postal Service or FedEx? It's n competition. USPS is cheaper and far more efficient and comprehensive than FedEx. For all the moaning about supply chains over the past couple of years, they are broken because they are a mishmash of private companies, NOT federally run or organized.
@davedismantled
@davedismantled Жыл бұрын
If you are not against government, then you cannot be thinking critically.
@romanyarkov8426
@romanyarkov8426 Жыл бұрын
Very funny. Business is also inefficient. This never happens in life. at the enterprise where I worked - the head of the purchasing department received "bonuses" from suppliers. That's why we couldn't set up an automated system. Exactly like the competition was not very big, because not everyone can buy a lot of machines, build workshops, and so on.
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
Universally defined, corruption is when individuals optimize for their own benefit at the cost of others by abusing their position in the hierarchy. Lets assume that everybody is foremost optimizing for his/her own benefit most of the time and that is normal (see survival of the fittest individual by any means). This is how life has been operating on this planet for billions of years and its still here, so this must be a successful concept after all, no? What has changed? This part: _"..at the cost of others by abusing their position _*_in the hierarchy._*_ "_ Societies require a benevolent monopoly force to violently punish opportunist individuals or groups thereof who break societal rules like private property or personal freedom, which enable specialization / work sharing so efficiency can go up and comfort levels raise above wilderness (the thing without priv prop or per frdm). But as this monopoly force needs to be manned by us - by the ones who mostly optimize for their own benefit - there will be some that try to abuse this power - just like any "good" living thing would do to survive and get ahead of the pack. Our problem is that our societal monopoly force (how it is set up right now - not even checks & balances seem to prevent this) requires selfless, trustworthy, honest individuals to function while a lot of us simply aren't pure enough and we can't screen for them realistically nor remove them from the gene-pool. This is an engineering problem and if social sciences (esp economists) ever understand what I just wrote they will figure it out. I mean, there are glimpses here and there, but not a universal theory that deals with this phenomenon that would allow us to make projections. Example? _"It's nice to elect the right people, but that isn't the way you solve things. The way you solve things is by making it politically profitable for the wrong people to do the right things. Unless it is politically profitable for the wrong people to do the right thing, the right people will not do the right thing either, or if they try, they will shortly be out of office."_ Milton Friedman
@cheri238
@cheri238 Жыл бұрын
Thank you Professor Wolff. I have been listening to you for years. You teach us so much about how Capitalism works. It is not working. New ideas now. 💡
@TC-eo5eb
@TC-eo5eb Жыл бұрын
If you like your smart phone, Facebook, Uber, Amazon, your car, or food in the grocery store when you walk in then you like capitalism.
@TC-eo5eb
@TC-eo5eb Жыл бұрын
@@JohnSmith-mc2zz Hey John, go live in a true socialist country for 6 months to a year and when you end up eating your own pet like they are doing in Venezuela right now, get back to me and let me know how well that worked out for you.
@edc3743
@edc3743 Жыл бұрын
A Human Fist With The Middle Finger Extended…oh, wait! That’s THE INVISIBLE HAND! P.S. Markets were Never "Free". Even Adam bozo Smith analyzing the behavior of Capitalists will tell you that [from **The Wealth of Nations**, end part of Book I]: "The interest of the dealers, however, in any particular branch of trade or manufactures, is always in some respects different from, and even opposite to, that of the public. To widen the market, and to narrow the competition, is always the interest of the dealers. To widen the market may frequently be agreeable enough to the interest of the public; but to narrow the competition must always be against it, and can only serve to enable the dealers, by raising their profits above what they naturally would be, to levy, for their own benefit, an absurd tax upon the rest of their fellow-citizens. The proposal of any new law or regulation of commerce which comes from this order, ought always to be listened to with great precaution, and ought never to be adopted till after having been long and carefully examined, not only with the most scrupulous, but with the most suspicious attention. It comes from an order of men, whose interest is never exactly the same with that of the public, who have generally an interest to deceive and even to oppress the public, and who accordingly have, upon many occasions, both deceived and oppressed it." >>>AND LIKE ALL GOOD BRITISH IMPERIALISTS Smith spoke out of BOTH SIDES OF HIS MOUTH and went on to spend many *many* more words defending or overlooking that "dealers interest".
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
So who does create the monopoly in Smiths example? The dealers? Or is it the Government by creating rules like patents (called temporary monopoly) that prohibits competition from doing what the patent holder does? Free markets are markets on which supply is able to adjust to demand freely, not a market free from rules. Markets free from rules do not exist, otherwise there would be no private property or personal freedom to speak of.. I'd call that wilderness but certainly not a market. You can be sure that 'free market advocates' count on private property and personal freedom to exist to do their thing.. so rules it is.
@rebelwinds
@rebelwinds Жыл бұрын
another assumption when I was taught economics here in the US (for our analysis of the perfect functioning of capitalism), is that all these multitude of buyers and sellers have "perfect information", i.e. everyone knows what everyone else does ... hmmm, I don't know.
@lindascanlan6317
@lindascanlan6317 Жыл бұрын
The terms winners/losers is grotesque...says all one needs to know about capitalism as pure evil.
@kevinschmidt2210
@kevinschmidt2210 Жыл бұрын
Capitalism conforms to the 'Law of the Jungle.'
@bluewater454
@bluewater454 Жыл бұрын
The idea of there being winners and losers is hardly unique to capitalism. Take Marxism for instance. More specifically every Marxist revolution where people who were deemed a threat to their power lost their lives. Winning and losing is just a part of being human. At least under capitalism if you fail you have the opportunity to try again. Not so much under Marxist regimes.
@Ledabot
@Ledabot Жыл бұрын
You're conflating the process of a revolution with the actual mechanics of a economic system. The fact you need to invoke the most violent and worst part of reaching communism to compare to the natural process of capitalism should tell you something
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
It's not a free market when one team controls the money printer and can buy out all the competition then control the market as they please making everyone their slaves.... This circumvents the positive aspects of competition. 🧐
@bluewater454
@bluewater454 Жыл бұрын
@@doctorcrypto3048 You people act as if the entire market system is one big monopoly with no choices or options. It is almost laughable. All I have to do is take a 10 minute drive to prove that idea completely false. Some of you leftists have lived in your own narrative for so long that you can’t see what is right in front of you.
@jamesmorton7881
@jamesmorton7881 Жыл бұрын
As our industrial output Plunges it is bad. redistribute the wealth, worth less dollars
@jazzypoo7960
@jazzypoo7960 Жыл бұрын
Comment.
@chuckleaf8027
@chuckleaf8027 Жыл бұрын
Clearest, most concise comment yet.
@jazzypoo7960
@jazzypoo7960 Жыл бұрын
@@chuckleaf8027 Thank you.
@sakarikaristo4976
@sakarikaristo4976 3 ай бұрын
1) Wolff should be careful about definition of a market. The limit where a market extends is illusive. Also information about prices is important. 2) Mr. Wolff surprised that perfect competition does not exist. 3) Inefficient producer loses to the more efficient one, no problem. Maybe it’s because there was excess capacity in the starting point. 4) Efficient firms must keep reinvesting and deploying capital to bring about more efficient and better forms of production and technology. Great, that’s a plus for society. Unless a) it does not really happen (how to improve upon barbershops or arcade halls) b) companies earn excess profits c) subsidies preventing competition from weeding out inefficient firms. 5) Auto market not limited to US. 4 US producers, but they don’t dominate the GLOBAL auto market. Plus no auto has excess profits in terms of returns on capital. Their profits are average in terms of returns on capital.
@saramuhumphries9225
@saramuhumphries9225 Жыл бұрын
👍💐
@Jim761
@Jim761 Жыл бұрын
Profesor Wolfe is correct but his solution is not. A centrally planned economy also does not work because it cannot react fast enough to keep up with the market. What is needed is a stronger set of basic rules to govern the market such as: 1. No company can but another company in its same market if the resulting company will have more than 10% of the market share. 2. All regulations must apply to companies in accordance to their size. Small companies should not have to comply with all the regulations that big companies do. Big companies use these regulations to snuff out the small competitors since they have the ability to comply while the small companies do not. 3. Under no circumstances should the government itself compete in the market. 4.And finally the business taxes should be graduated so that the larger the company becomes the larger the tax bill becomes until the top tax bracket exceeds 100%. To sum up: BIG is bad. A proper solution prevents companies from getting so big that they can manipulate the market.
@jgalt308
@jgalt308 Жыл бұрын
Things go better with Coke!
@davidevans6618
@davidevans6618 Жыл бұрын
If you can help financially is the oxymoron in light of our servitude to inanimate objects other people control being the problem in the first place. I know huh ?, but, yes I do know.
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
The problem with the so called free market is that the few own the money printer. When you have a golden goose laying endless golden eggs(aka fiat currency) it's not a free market or pure capitalism....
@davedismantled
@davedismantled Жыл бұрын
Having a central bank is a plank of the Communist Manifesto. That means fiat currency and a money printer. In another word..... Socialism.
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
@@davedismantled I can see this and it's socialism disguised as free market capitalism... It's socialism for the few elite establishment and slavery for the rest of us.
@grizzlycharizard0017
@grizzlycharizard0017 Жыл бұрын
That's the definition of pure capitalism, pure greed.
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
@@grizzlycharizard0017 can you please elaborate on your reply? Not sure what you're Reffering to. Real capitalism isn't bad when the playing field is level. It's horrible when one team controls the money printer.
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
_"The problem with the so called free market is that the few own the money printer. "_ Yeah, that's not it. For 1) legal tender (monopolized currency control and picked winner for tax payment purposes) is anti capitalist right away. 2) the concept of 'money printing' tells me that you either do not understand how fiat currency comes to be or do not care enough to be so sloppy in your expression. Thus a question (before I can go on): do you subscribe to the debt theory of money or the metal theory of money? Guessing by the way your whole comment is phrased I would have to guess metal theory of money is your thing?! _"..it's not a free market or pure capitalism."_ A 'not free market' is an unfree market. Considering that the 'free' in 'free market' stands for supply being free to adjust to demand (no rules being enforced that prohibit or undermine competition from joining on the supply side) you are somewhat right, but not for the reason you think. Do you know what IOU's are?
@davidevans6618
@davidevans6618 Жыл бұрын
To begin with, you can not have a free market simultaneously in servitude to inanimate objects other people govern with. Everyone is on one side, and servitude to inanimate objects other people control on the other side. If our time and skills are enslaved to the present form of servitude, we can't be free to choose our destination, the servitude becoming the god of our future existence. If our time and skills are of equal value based on time they're used, then everything is Free, the world, but we simply trade our time and skills using time banks of which everyone becomes the private banks of themselves operating in public service with the other banks. We're the value the Time and skills, the products and services are the benefits. We're valuing the wrong things.
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
It's not a free market when one team controls the money printer and can buy out all the competition then control the market as they please making everyone their slaves.... This circumvents the positive aspects of competition. 🧐 This is the simple truth
@davidevans6618
@davidevans6618 Жыл бұрын
@@doctorcrypto3048 money is time and skills entrapment. Crypto or any other inanimate objects control of the species has the same ramifications, enslavement to it as the source of life. If my time and skills are valued equally, and I can store the use my time and skills in my own time bank, I'm the bank of me, aw we become the banks of ourselves.
@davidevans6618
@davidevans6618 Жыл бұрын
@@doctorcrypto3048 competition doesn't require servitude to inanimate objects other people control either. Free competition with free minds to judge for ourselves. Sounds alien but freedom has been alienated for the species for a long time.
@loisk6186
@loisk6186 Жыл бұрын
I agree with the analysis, but traditional economic theory says new players would enter the market to offset those firms that went out of business. The new players would figure out how to improve the product or the manufacturing process in order to provide a better, cheaper product, and the cycle of competition continues with new firms. Can you please address why this part of the theory doesn't work -- Is it due to entry barriers in a mature global market?
@doctorcrypto3048
@doctorcrypto3048 Жыл бұрын
It's not a free market when one team controls the money printer and can buy out all the competition then control the market as they please making everyone their slaves.... This circumvents the positive aspects of competition. 🧐
@pje8171116
@pje8171116 Жыл бұрын
Barriers to entry would be controlled by the monopolies. For instance if you were a pig farmer you would need land, but if all the land is owned by a monopoly it would be very difficult for you to compete. A monopoly would also have the resources to pay more for employees, making it difficult for a new firm to retain staff. Without patent and copyright protections, start-up costs to providing a product better or cheaper would discourage any new firm from even trying if the monopoly could simply "copy" the newly developed process and provide the product at a cheaper price. Monopolies also have bigger advertising budgets making it easier for them to convince consumers which products or services are better and cheaper. The bigger the monopoly, the more difficult it would be for new firms to compete.
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
_"new players would figure out how to improve the product or the manufacturing process in order to provide a better, cheaper product, and the cycle of competition continues with new firms"_ In a world without licenses, patents, copyright, IP, tariffs, guilds, picking winners this would work.. but that's not the world we live in right? Are you aware that patents are straight out labelled temporary monopoly? And what does anyone think here happens if a patent protects a small business from competition? First of all - this is not a free market any more, as supply CAN'T freely adjust to demand, the market authority that granted the patent will prevent that. But further along the timeline.. our little business thanks to controlling the supply will have earned a lot of profit, because it never was in its interest to increase the supply to meet demand (at cost).. so we are now dealing with a big business that files patent after patent and uses all the other anti competitive means that government provides to do what? Exactly.. prevent the new players from entering the market and increase the supply. And that is just the tip of the iceberg. There is even nastier and more fundamental anti competitive processes in our societies.. some date back ~3000 years.
@taramaclaird9633
@taramaclaird9633 Жыл бұрын
Gee, Ayn Rand was wrong. Imagine that!
@chuckleaf8027
@chuckleaf8027 Жыл бұрын
About what? Smoking maybe...
@toddgaak422
@toddgaak422 Жыл бұрын
No, no she wasn't Wolff is a damn fool.
@stevenmontanez715
@stevenmontanez715 Жыл бұрын
Hello again prof Wolff excelente subject free marketin is false it should be calles fixed market
@joansparky4439
@joansparky4439 Жыл бұрын
Why would a business buy out the competitor that was unable to survive in a market? The market share will be yours anyway. The production processes will not be efficient enough, otherwise the company wouldn't have gone under. Except for some specialists the workforce is not worth it either.. but there is the other stuff that might be worth buying. IP. The imperfect competition also is no big deal.. it just means that instead of maximum efficiency it's not perfect and a couple less efficient suppliers will survive which otherwise wouldn't. Think of your mom&pop store at the corner providing products at a higher rate than the super market. If any of those can survive it mostly is based on imperfect competition. I wouldn't get my undies in a twist over that.. All this completely ignores anyway, that our reality DOES NOT resemble free markets to begin with. Patents for example are called temporary MONOPOLY for a reason. The patent holder is being protected by the market authority (Government makes and enforces those rules) from competition that does try to copy the patent holder. Other similar frameworks are copyrights, intellectual property, tariffs, licenses, picking winners, aso.. What does protection from competition do to profits? (1) Not to mention that a small business that is being protected from competition will grow - because it will optimize to maximize profits and become big and file even more patents, to get even more protection, to gather even more profit. Yay! _Anyone here who is a free market capitalist and who is willing to tell me after reading this that patents and the like are NOT ANTI COMPETITIVE? Destroying free market capitalism? I bet even most on the left side of the spectrum will vouch for patents - as they protect the little entrepreneur and are meant for him to recoup his R&D costs.. it's hilarious sitting on the sidelines and having to watch this to be honest._ And this isn't even brand new stuff. Adam Smith wrote as much 250 years ago: _"The interest of the dealers [referring to stock owners, manufacturers, and merchants.. anyone really], however, in any particular branch of trade or manufacture, is always in some respects different from, and even opposite to, that of the public. To widen the market and to narrow the competition, is always the interest of the dealers. To widen the market may frequently be agreeable enough to the interest of the public; _*_but to narrow the competition must always be against it, and can serve only to enable the dealers, by raising their profits above what they naturally would be, to levy, for their own benefit, an absurd tax upon the rest of their fellow-citizens._*_ "_ & _" _*_The proposal of any new law or regulation of commerce which comes from this order, ought always to be listened to with great precaution, and ought never to be adopted till after having been long and carefully examined, not only with the most scrupulous, but with the most suspicious attention._*_ It comes from an order of men, whose interest is never exactly the same with that of the public, who have generally an interest to deceive and even to oppress the public, and who accordingly have, upon many occasions, both deceived and oppressed it."_ Or the term Robber Baron tells the same story when one looks it up on WP: _"Robber Barons.. The first such usage was against Vanderbilt, for taking money from high-priced, government-subsidized shippers, in order to not compete on their routes. _*_Political cronies had been granted special shipping routes by the state, but told legislators their costs were so high that they needed to charge high prices and still receive extra money from the taxpayers as funding._*_ Vanderbilt's private shipping company began running the same routes, charging a fraction of the price, making a large profit without taxpayer subsidy. The state-funded shippers then began paying Vanderbilt money to not ship on their route."_ (source WP) 1) Warren Buffet likes to invest in companies that have a moat, that is a company that is being protected from competition one way or the other.. and all those roads lead back to Government providing the protection and prohibiting competition. It might be interesting to note that even natural monopolies are created by Government, or who else is going to enforce private property rights that enable individuals to own otherwise common goods and control the supply of them? PS: book tip - 'The Myth of Capitalism' by Tepper and Hearn (2019)
@peterclark6290
@peterclark6290 Жыл бұрын
Wrong assumption: Adam Smith based his entire argument on our natural empathy for those within their community. Which he presented in _Moral Sentiments._ In great detail. The market of Adam Smith were entirely unregulated and corporation-free. Have you read his definition of what constitutes a corporation? It includes government, businesses, trade associations, guilds and unions. Thus any service at a range of skills and guarantees was available depending on how well you managed your own affairs. The perfection of the system was based on the complete lack of private interests dominating for they will always be self-serving and counter-productive. By that definition capitalism is waste-averse which means wealth is retained. Simple. Forward-looking.
@clarestucki5151
@clarestucki5151 Жыл бұрын
Not too bad by Wolff standards. Normally on this topic he says "Competition causes monopoly, and monopoly causes competition", the single most ridiculous sentence ever uttered by an 'Economist'.
@jgalt308
@jgalt308 Жыл бұрын
If your claim is correct why did the price of oil drop in 1865 from $16/12/brrl to less than $1./brrl and stay there until Standard Oil was broken up in 1909. This was also true for steel, rr freight rates, etc. Don't be shy, just shout it out when you know. So it would seem that government intervention or regulation did not produce the intended result and never has, and you have more government than ever...so maybe the source of the contradiction you are alluding to is the result of an unconstitutional, illegitimate, criminal government...that did what governments always do because they have a monopoly on FORCE and "power corrupts", and such corruption is not only invited but demanded: "by all" and even though it was explicitly designed in recognition of both the danger of government and democracy. One has to marvel at the ignorance of history, economics, and human nature that is not only confused by the "cause" but wrongly assigns its effects...while proposing a solution that is a pale shadow of this reality, whose incentives are directly contrary to human nature, whose effect is mediocrity, rather than excellence where one strives to do the least because there is no point to being better.
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