Deriving the Inertia Tensor

  Рет қаралды 24,385

Andrew Dotson

Andrew Dotson

Күн бұрын

Today I show you how to take the definition of angular momentum of a rigid body, and use it to derive the components of the inertia tensor.
For those of you who think I did some witchcraft with those cross products, here's my levi civita video:
• Cross Products Using L...

Пікірлер: 99
@gabbsmacedo
@gabbsmacedo Жыл бұрын
i started watching your videos when i was still deciding to study physics. one year later, when i was starting my undergrad first year i came back to your channel (and this video) and i thought "wow one day i'm gonna understand what you're doing". i remember reading the word "tensor" and not having idea what it meant. now, 3 years later, i'm taking my second course of classical mechanics and i finally came to this video hoping it'll help me undertstand the subject for my exam. i get the physics you're talking about now. it's such a good feeling!! keep it up guys, we're all gonna make it someday.
@AndrewDotsonvideos
@AndrewDotsonvideos Жыл бұрын
Right on!
@kreglfromworld
@kreglfromworld 5 жыл бұрын
First year undergrad here, I was just thinking "wow, I'll be able to understand this, isn't this nice" and then some epsilons and deltas came in
@AlaaAlajmy--
@AlaaAlajmy-- 5 жыл бұрын
Oh darling.... I am so sorry you'll still have to go through year 2 and 3 physics and may all the bloody Force be with you!
@rebekahshtayfman1967
@rebekahshtayfman1967 4 жыл бұрын
Don’t worry. It’s not that bad by the time you get there.
@brandonnunez9566
@brandonnunez9566 3 жыл бұрын
Dude I totally feel you
@samuelhawksworth1923
@samuelhawksworth1923 3 жыл бұрын
Little late but I’m an a level student doing physics next year, if you watch his tensor calculus series you should find a decent explanation in lesson 1 😁
@angelodibella3150
@angelodibella3150 3 жыл бұрын
SO TRUE
@maximillianthomas6972
@maximillianthomas6972 Жыл бұрын
Staring at Goldstein for hours and Andrew comes along and clarifies everything in 10 minutes! Bless up
@fisicafacil398
@fisicafacil398 4 жыл бұрын
As someone taking some graduate level courses in my last year of undergrad studies, I have really appreciated these types of videos. Keep them up Andrew, I'm loving them!
@rowancook4369
@rowancook4369 3 жыл бұрын
I don't understand anything he's talking about, I just find his voice and the sound of the marker relaxing. I'm not even a physics student, I just just find his videos interesting.
@entropyz5242
@entropyz5242 5 жыл бұрын
The best way of learning is by explaining the material. Awesome video, helped a lot!
@deeptochatterjee532
@deeptochatterjee532 5 жыл бұрын
Your integral is very revealing of how to derive the inertia tensor directly by identifying from r²ω-r(r•ω) the r²δ and the dyadic/cross product
@justinweaver375
@justinweaver375 3 жыл бұрын
My classical mechanics textbook skipped the part where you evaluated the double cross products so this definitely helped. Thank you
@thematrix1101
@thematrix1101 2 жыл бұрын
John R Taylor ?
@rikthecuber
@rikthecuber 2 жыл бұрын
@@thematrix1101 I am thinking of using that, currently doing chapter 1 haha. Is that as good as I have heard? Just wanted to ask.
@thematrix1101
@thematrix1101 2 жыл бұрын
@@rikthecuber yeah I’m almost done with the entire book in my class and I thought it’s pretty good in terms of explanation, especially compared to other mechanics books this is definitely the best choice
@DebasishSarker
@DebasishSarker 4 жыл бұрын
I am a physics grad student and I appreciate your videos very much! Keep up the good work!
@carlost.9233
@carlost.9233 2 жыл бұрын
That was super informative and just helped me with what I am working on. Thanks!
@salmanrushdie5379
@salmanrushdie5379 5 жыл бұрын
I dare to say, you just saved my theoretical mechanics test tomorrow. gj
@d42
@d42 3 жыл бұрын
did he?
@user-dm1hc9yq6q
@user-dm1hc9yq6q 3 жыл бұрын
It's worth mentioning, that on 2:08 the first r_i doesn't necessarily have to be equal to the second r_i. That is because linear velocity desribed by cross product includes radius of rotation, while the first r_i is simply a radius vector, which in the most general case (like when there are several points of a rigid body lying on the rotation axis), again, may be different from the radius (the second r_i)
@abhinovenagarajan.s7237
@abhinovenagarajan.s7237 3 жыл бұрын
If we consider the equation where he defines L_i, then it is basically r_i x p_i. This is where he gets the expression you are referring to. But in this definition, it wouldn't make sense to define L_i = r_i x p_j right? So I'm confused as to how it is possible to have m_i r_i x ( w x r_j) in the next step?
@chanandlerbong3090
@chanandlerbong3090 Жыл бұрын
really good teaching style, thanks!
@user-tc5fv4kt6u
@user-tc5fv4kt6u 3 жыл бұрын
this was very helpful, thank you!!
@angelmendez-rivera351
@angelmendez-rivera351 4 жыл бұрын
In the exterior calculus formalism, the angular momentum is actually not a vector, but a bivector, whose components are represented by a tensor of order 2. Similarly, the angular velocity W is a tensor of order 2, such that v = Wr, where v and r are the velocity and position vectors. Under this formalism, the inertia tensor is sometimes defined as a tensor of order 4, with four indices. For instance, if L and W are contraviant, then I is mixed. If W is contraviant and L covariant, then I is contravariant. In each case, it is suggested that W doubly contracts with I, which leaves a tensor of order 2, and this is L. The relationship L = IW is maintained as in your video, but each quantity has doubled in indeces. Can you make a video deriving this? I know it would be a pain, but I would love to see it.
@reginafiam2928
@reginafiam2928 3 жыл бұрын
man...as a bsc physics student i have to say that you saved me now
@sahilnaik3079
@sahilnaik3079 5 жыл бұрын
Great video.
@chritophergaafele8922
@chritophergaafele8922 4 жыл бұрын
i wish i had a teacher like you
@Swapnil5
@Swapnil5 3 жыл бұрын
Best video on the topic!
@shoopinc
@shoopinc 5 жыл бұрын
I remember when my dynamics teacher did this, we were so confused
@Joe0x7F
@Joe0x7F 5 жыл бұрын
Excellent. Thanks.
@eliwelch8528
@eliwelch8528 5 жыл бұрын
Very good video. Thanks.
@zokalyx
@zokalyx 5 жыл бұрын
Andrew, does this count as one of the Tensor Calc. series video? If not, how's that going?
@_Xeto
@_Xeto 3 жыл бұрын
One question! You made it seem like the inertia tensor is defined for a point particle, and that for a rigid body you would only need to sum for every particle in the body. So is it correct to say that a point particle needs this tensor as well, when rotating about an arbitrary axis? Because I've never seen the tensor being used for a point mass. Maybe because it was always rotating on a plane normal to the axis it was rotating around and a bunch of terms drop to 0, but I'm just asking for completeness!
@ironsugar5359
@ironsugar5359 5 жыл бұрын
omlll I love the title!
@user-dr9ru2gz6i
@user-dr9ru2gz6i 27 күн бұрын
what a nice video to watch
@user-rg5qr6zn9m
@user-rg5qr6zn9m 5 жыл бұрын
Thanks for you
@testsubjectt001
@testsubjectt001 5 жыл бұрын
Yeah... I got a D in calculus, this is a no from me chief. still watched the video though
@physics_philosophy_faith
@physics_philosophy_faith 5 жыл бұрын
@Andrew Some people from Jlab are going to be presenting preliminary results from their 12 GeV upgrade at this APS regional conference I'll be attending in TN, so I'll def (maybe) attend these talks. (I'm more of a condensed matter guy so we'll see if I can make them...though there is an increasing overlap between CM and high energy physics because of all the quasiparticles we've been finding in CM, so that's pretty dope). Also, sorry this has nothing to do with this video...but twas a great video.
@AndrewDotsonvideos
@AndrewDotsonvideos 5 жыл бұрын
That sounds pretty cool! Personally I can't stomach hearing experimental results talked at me. Too much jargon.
@physics_philosophy_faith
@physics_philosophy_faith 5 жыл бұрын
​@@AndrewDotsonvideos Haha fair enough! I hope to get some experience in theory next summer if I can...perhaps an REU or another national lab internship. I saw your picture on the Jlab SULI internship program page! I have now worked almost 1.5 years through the SULI and HERE programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. I want to try my hand at theoretical work now so I guess SULI is a good way to try.
@RoGu3SP4RN297
@RoGu3SP4RN297 5 жыл бұрын
Video is enjoyed
@luisbreva6122
@luisbreva6122 5 жыл бұрын
My algebra teacher told us a tensor is a map of (V x V x V ...) onto R ( V being a vector of a vector field E). Nevertheless, the inertia tensor prensented here just looks like a matrix that maps a vector of E to another vector of E. Someone please explain, Im confused.
@raspberry9801
@raspberry9801 5 жыл бұрын
gah im confused. how can we say v = w x r if v can have components parallel to r? (edit - maybe it doesn't matter anyway because you cross v with r after)
@angelmendez-rivera351
@angelmendez-rivera351 4 жыл бұрын
Rasp Berry That v can have components parallel to r does not imply v is parallel to r. For example, v = v_parallel + v_perpendicular.
@nathanaelcase2783
@nathanaelcase2783 3 жыл бұрын
Angel - His question is valid; the cross product of two vectors is orthogonal to both vectors, hence the component parallel to r should be zero. Rasp - The answer is breifly stated at 0:45, namely, we are assuming that the object is purely rotating around the origin. We could have taken an arbitrary origin and express the velocity as the velocity of the center of mass plus a rotation around the center of mass, in which case we get an additional term which is the orbital angular momentum of the system as a whole (that is, treating it like a point particle at the CoM).
@iWrInstincts
@iWrInstincts 5 жыл бұрын
Papa Andrew has uploaded for us peasants
@leyawonder2306
@leyawonder2306 5 жыл бұрын
A random question, is this collage or school level in the US?
@jacobaaron3943
@jacobaaron3943 5 жыл бұрын
Definitely college level
@kaisu8198
@kaisu8198 5 жыл бұрын
🤯
@zoltankurti
@zoltankurti 5 жыл бұрын
Don't you already have a video on the inertia tensor?
@AndrewDotsonvideos
@AndrewDotsonvideos 5 жыл бұрын
Zoltán Kürti I have a video on 2 index tenders, and I derived it in I think maybe a more confusing way in that video
@zoltankurti
@zoltankurti 5 жыл бұрын
@@AndrewDotsonvideos you are right! Now I remember.
@thebeastofgamrz
@thebeastofgamrz 3 жыл бұрын
I'm confused, I didn't think there was supposed to be a negative sign in the product of inertia terms
@TasX
@TasX 3 жыл бұрын
It's a weird tensor thing. Basically, if you have a triple cross product, you can simplify it by doing some stuff that turns the triple cross product into a term minus another term.
@macfrankist
@macfrankist 2 жыл бұрын
Should be tittled moment of inertia Tensor.
@ratonespotnes
@ratonespotnes 5 жыл бұрын
It would be cool if you used this linear algebra/tensor approach to solve a simple University physics problem. Something like a ball rolling on a plane
@Skyppz
@Skyppz 3 жыл бұрын
un grande este weon jjjajaj
@Skyppz
@Skyppz 3 жыл бұрын
toy entrando
@chritophergaafele8922
@chritophergaafele8922 4 жыл бұрын
can you prove the levi-cevita symbol expansion identity you are using,
@jonasdaverio9369
@jonasdaverio9369 4 жыл бұрын
That's actually one of the way of defining the cross product. Maybe what you ask is a proof of an equivalence between that definition and some other, and I would like to know what other definition you are refering to by the way
@TasX
@TasX 3 жыл бұрын
I'm late. But for anyone still interested, it's because the product of 2 levi cevita can be written as a 3x3 matrix of cronecker deltas then getting the determinant. If you notice, the first 2 terms are the same for this special case in physics, so you can do a lot of simplifying and end up with the identity (called the contracted epsilon identity). I found it on wiki too if u wanna look.
@chritophergaafele8922
@chritophergaafele8922 3 жыл бұрын
@@TasX send me a link
@ahmedal-shabi6032
@ahmedal-shabi6032 5 жыл бұрын
time for another physics meme review before my meme sinks to the bottom
@AndrewDotsonvideos
@AndrewDotsonvideos 5 жыл бұрын
Ahmed Al-shabi I think Simon Clark is making a science one so I’m just going to wait til after he does. Odds are he’s putting more effort into his video, so I’d hate to post a bunch of memes that maybe he was going to use
@ahmedal-shabi6032
@ahmedal-shabi6032 5 жыл бұрын
@@AndrewDotsonvideos that's really thoughtful of you. mine was my Halloween costume
@FugieGamers
@FugieGamers 5 жыл бұрын
the tensor notation for the cross product gave me cancer. Your video 'cross products using levi civita' was useful though.
@angelmendez-rivera351
@angelmendez-rivera351 4 жыл бұрын
LiveFreeOrDie Tensor notation is superior
@AkamiChannel
@AkamiChannel 3 жыл бұрын
You often erase stuff a little too much for those of us learning it for the first time
@chadb2840
@chadb2840 3 жыл бұрын
Just showed up in my freshman mechanics class and I'm so confused
@nathanaelcase2783
@nathanaelcase2783 3 жыл бұрын
Just a few pedantic notes; Einstein summation notation only applies when the index appears exactly twice. If the index appears three times you should explicitly write the sum. At 1:00 you left off the subscript for p_i making it look like the sum of all momenta At 6:40 you equated a scalar with a vector; you should have put (...)_i around it.
@mrishya
@mrishya 2 жыл бұрын
Can you redo this video for beginner who just got a grasp of what angular momentum is😂
@zokalyx
@zokalyx 5 жыл бұрын
13:53 How did you know?? Ha ha
@anuj7008
@anuj7008 5 жыл бұрын
First one🎈🎈
@bluerainbowpony13
@bluerainbowpony13 2 жыл бұрын
Why does it have that hashtag..... Honestly I am kinda dissapointed :(
@quahntasy
@quahntasy 5 жыл бұрын
Are you sure deriving Inertia tensor is just girly things LMAO>
@SciencewithKatie
@SciencewithKatie 5 жыл бұрын
Quahntasy - Animating Universe He’s clearly being sarcastic, I mean, as if girls ever do any physics. 🙃
@hehehehehehehehehehe111
@hehehehehehehehehehe111 5 жыл бұрын
Science with Katie wow I didn’t expect him to be that sexist
@AndrewDotsonvideos
@AndrewDotsonvideos 5 жыл бұрын
Rose L I just thought it was a random funny hashtag...
@AndrewDotsonvideos
@AndrewDotsonvideos 5 жыл бұрын
It would be a big deal..if I was actually being sexist.That hashtag is filled with what people stereotype "girlythings" to be. I'm not sarcastically suggesting girls don't do physics. I'm directly making fun of the hashtag by generalizing it to be anything. Just like how you see those memes about it where it'll just be a person breathing and say #justgirlythings.
@hehehehehehehehehehe111
@hehehehehehehehehehe111 5 жыл бұрын
Andrew Dotson oh ok, glad that got cleared up! Good video!
@anuj7008
@anuj7008 5 жыл бұрын
Indian fans hit like.
@Goku17yen
@Goku17yen 5 жыл бұрын
Last
@fakkmorradi
@fakkmorradi 5 жыл бұрын
what the fuck
@johnnyc8669
@johnnyc8669 4 жыл бұрын
Ew you're using index notation. Excuse whilst I throw up in my mouth
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