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This is what would've happened if primates never evolved, basically we would've never evolved. But these dinosauroids would be the people who would've inhabited Earth.

I can’t believe you rejected monke

Its possible. Some birds in real life actually coats feathers in pigments for looks

Nice concept, I could see that fitting right in with this world

@@Quetzalcoatl_Feathered_Serpent I know bearded vultures do it but what are the others?

@@ddpzzp553 even more bearded vultures

Or like many monks shave their hair... imagine if some of them rip all their feathers out, looking like a naked chicken for religion XD ... hilarious but also probably a thing.

Good observation! Makes you wonder what Dinosauroid megastructures would look like

@@CuriousArchive i hope they don't look like bird houses or chicken coops

It makes me wonder how the heck they're mining for the copper and tin. And then the smelting . . . I dunno, I want to see some explanations for that.

@@pompe221 I think they might use arm extensions like the one at 7:54 except instead of a spear it's a pickaxe or sum.

@@pompe221 That might mean that they even mine into rocks and cliffside perhaps with tools tgat attach to their face or that thye can grab and carry

That's true. Who says in order to be intelligent, you need a human body plan? Also the dinosauroids are technically people in their own context if you think about it.

Don't forget the Eosapiens! Big blue bags of gas with vacuum cleaner hoses for arms, such a delightfully alien yet pretty logical body plan for a sapient tool using species!

I'm currently working on a world where insects internalise their exoskeleton, become dominant and eventually multiple species become sapient. Because this is ~270mil years into the future, Pangea Ultima has formed and because of that there are less invasive species (less/no continental isolation), so this is the reason multiple species manage to fight/coexist. Human culture becomes a big thing for both religious and practical reasons, I imagine them waging archeological wars for our fossils, so they can reverse-engineer our tech.

I think they make aliens to look like humans because of the audience. They want to relate, so Hollywood uses the human body as a template to make aliens. Remember they are telling a story, they're not telling you how aliens could possibly look like from a different planet.

@@MrFossil367ab45gfyth though i actually think the idea of animals evolving into more human as they gain sapience is a idea that does have some merit

@@Embassy_of_Jupiter yeah and sacrifice the young birds for their owl dinosaur god

They will just invent scissors

@@brawmankerlexterminateurde860 I suppose some religion will stick to plucking, rather than scissoring...

Maybe they will wear clothes

They might slowly loose feathers when they evolve just us humans loosing fur.

Racism will be increase

@@brawmankerlexterminateurde860 Yeah but like, they'd still be animals like the giant birdosaurs in this video. They just look really close to us

We did live in that world for a while. Then we wiped out the competition either via mating with them, killing them or eating them. Humanity are a very aggressive species. Although it may have to do more with our past of being preyed upon. A intelligent carnivore species might not be so bent in extermination of competition

@@brawmankerlexterminateurde860 lmao

I played Skyrim and already see

2030 will be about reality lol

@@ezedoesit98 Only God knows.

@@zerogproductions9144 2010 philosophers: what if god is just a edgy teenager 2020: what if god forced us to become meat cubes

@@satan1841 all tomorrows was created in 2008

@@whereiswilloww yeah but it picked up in the last two years

Super Mario Bros movie 1988

I wish ice age showed that before

The jackals from halo are exactly this.

if I've read that right, they actually thought about writing a story book but prefered to just explain the world as they did

Basically Spore

Indeed

I want to live in the timeline where the Birrin, Dinosaurids and humans coexist

Birbs are just the mammals 2.0 they only need a humanoid body and they will just be totally like us

It's one of my favorite speculative worlds, for sure

All tomorrows and all yesterdays

@@diegodeluquev1433 So do I. It's definitely the kind of world I would love to live in

Very much correct. Not so unique - tho admittedly inventive.

We call him Oog.

@@typhoidtyphoon Actually, it's more unique than that. Because the avisapiens lack strong throwing muscles like humans do (they never had an arboreal existence using their forelimbs for climing), they aren't really adept at using things like atl-atls, so they made some kind of hinged mechanism to transfer power through. I forget exactly how it worked, but it's on Kosemen's blog, I think.

There's a similar thing in Australia called a woomera.

​ Nope, they're have a capability to throw that stick, they have short arms, they can throw a rock more accurate than a gorilla. It is on they're muscles, they're muscles cannot twitch so much, if that happened, they're hollow bones could easily injured.

Yeah. It's like the perfect channel

Ik right, It’s so underrated

Video states crows use simple tools, but the reality is more fascinating - some species actually _manufacture_ them, not just pick up a stick off the ground. Not even apes do that.

The cool thing is we are actually discovering how intelligent many animals are. From corvids and a few other bird species manufacturing tools, to studies showing dolphins are more intelligent than dogs and may understand human language better than dogs, to those tik toks even of dogs using pre programmed buttons to communicate on levels of understanding fairly abstract concepts for them, to the discovery of polar bears planning ambushes of seals and walrus' using large heavy rocks and brown bears actually being able to count and understand numbers and their meanings as well as collecting various bits and baubles for purely aesthetic reasons that they keep to simply enjoy. This world is utterly fascinating and it never ceases to amaze.

Ravens and Crows have been found to not only use tools, but in some cases manufacture them, and learn trial and error. The best thing however is some were found teaching other members how to produce similar tools. They also have pretty advanced concepts of physics. Crows and Ravens have used human technology and basic understanding of it In Japan and a few other countries they have been found understanding traffic lights and placing nuts on roads for humans to break them with cars. a few apes have been found to be manufacturing tools. Its believed that the modern chimp is officially in the beginning stages of the Stone Age.

I actually think the same!

@@Quetzalcoatl_Feathered_Serpent in person I once watched a crow pull a paper bag from a trash can and lay it flattened on the ground, then pull a full McDonald's bag from that same trash can and dump it out on the flattened paper bag. The crow then sorted through the contents from there careful to keep the food off the ground. It was all very strange to me to see an animal actively attempting to avoid dirt in it's good, and even more fascinating to see it go to such great and articulate lengths to do so.

Funnily enough, on this branch timeline there does exist a marsupial species that’s very similar to earth apes, and has great potential to evolve intelligence

@@lochness5524 , let's hope if that does happen, these two races would get along with each other.

Looks at crows suspiciously

@@MrFossil367ab45gfyth we’d have to consider the possibility that there would exist a major language barrier though. Mammals have very different vocal chords compared to non-avian Dinosaurs, so I’d imagine their forms of communication would be so distinct it be impossible to form a language bridge. But I could be wrong, of course

@@lochness5524 it's possible the non avian dinosaur communicate with us because they have intelligent like human they can type to talk to us

and a good thing to. because we were apes and that's why we have a shape we got now. other creatures should stick to there own shapes. no character HAVE to be human shape just to prove they're real smart just to relate with other smart creatures or aliens. it's overrated and dumb to think about.

The sentient cephalopod rings a bell. I think Trey was reviewing "The Future Is Wild."

Imagine a multiplayer game where you protect your Dino-tribe or an RTS like Civ from cave-dinosaurs to space-dinosaurs

Sounds like it could be like Far Cry Primal, but the large Dinosaurs in a Stone Age world gives off Horizon Zero Dawn vibes (I know those were robots technically but they resembled Dinosaurs)

Mm.. lemme check that recommendation

Unless it developed powered flight, it wouldn't be that birdlike

Agreed. The concept looks very underdeveloped from morphological standpoint. If they insist on the animals using their mouth/beak as manipulator, it stands to reason that body part would also evolve to support that function better. Examples from the top of my head: 1. Prehensile tongue, maybe forked 2. Prehensile lips 3. Differently shaped beaks 4. Beak modifications 5. More flexible lower jaw 6. Proturding eyes to see objects being held by the beak

Turning a door handle is one example, dinosaurs were unable to turn their wrists, which means that they'd have to use some other way to open a door

@@hunterneitzel3012 They probably wouldn't have doors that would require anything more than pushing/pulling, that is if they had doors at all.

Man, one thing that stop them to use they're hand while holding a stick is they're bones, they have hollow bones, they're neck bones are much little bit stronger. You see, mammals didn't need to worry that a hand will be injured because of throwing or stabbing something with a stick because our bones are dense, not hollow. Those birds have hollow bones, that kind of bones is risk of getting injuries, even that type of bones made dinosaurs grow large, the disadvantage is, that will break when overusing the muscles.

Roy and Kosemen's Dinosauroids still posses dexterous hands, so its unreasonable some tools are mostly for manual use.

kzfaq.info/get/bejne/hbepZ6aBtKzNpHk.html Here you see why. It’s a Kösemen video

Dromaeosaurs do have hands

I'm wondering when he'll cover Dinotopia.

yesss

Why enemies? I wanna be friends with them!

yep

A game called spore exists lol, although it’s not really About speculative zoology it’s the closest thing we have right now.

Man would be the final boss haha

Imagine waking up in that alternate universe and literally the dinosaur secret service puts you up in some fancy ass hotel for the rest of your life and gives you everything you could ever want 😮

Crows and many species parrots have ape level of intelligence so why wouldn't those dinosaurs have it.

Umm.yeah. 😕…

It is human-centric we were also very fucking fast and could run and hunt anything we wanted but for some reason we still evolved to be smart. And we have teeth like they have claws so why would we need sticks to hunt with? Because it works better a small intelligent dinosaur could easily start evolving to be intelligent like humans

@@Sinappisoppa482 humans aren’t “very fucking fast”, what humans have as an advantage over other mammals is the fact that we sweat, whereas furry mammals more often than not have to dissipate heat through breathing, meaning early humans could chase prey for far longer than many other animals, there are still some tribes in Africa which hunt this way and will literally wait until the prey drops from exhaustion. Humans don’t have muzzles meaning biting something is comparatively to other animals very hard, our mouth isn’t a tool like it is for other animals and we also are much more susceptible to diseases we could potentially ingest if we had to put literally everything in our mouths to carry it, or use it. By comparisons dinosaurs were very resistant to infections like modern reptiles, this has to do with the higher percentage of serum in reptilian blood when compared to mammalian, hence why many fossils show signs of healed wounds which would have been fatal on other animals. It is also extremely disadvantageous for us to use our mouths as weapons again because of our body plan, you need to be extremely close to your prey potentially putting you in harms way, hence why the most ancient weapon of all is the spear, which can produce deadly force whilst keeping the user safe, the original comment does have a point, whilst I wholeheartedly believe that human-like body structure is not necessary for intelligent evolution, these speculative designs retain far too many natural features which they could use and wouldn’t warrant the need for tools. Also this video forgot to mention that the tests conducted by the university on those crows were controlled tests with the crow having previously been introduced ti the problem, there is another one such experiment where the crow had already been taught how to solve a puzzle then they just figured out that’s what they had to do to get the prize, these weren’t random birds that suddenly figured out how to get to the food prize, yeah they’re very intelligent animals but they’re not Hawking birds.

Who says these dinosauroids did not went through a similar process to humans? I think they are more adapted to their niche than us humans but who says another species wasnt even more so and forced them to get creative?

Its been stated in the project that Dinosaur diversity declined significantly throught the Paleogene and Neogene climate events, causing many groups of Theropods, Sauropods, Marginocephalians and Thyrophorans to become extinct (or nearly so), while some other groups such as Hadrosaurs have declined significantly. That's what allowed Maniraptorans and Mammals to diversify into very diverse forms that occupy niches previously taken by other groups.

@@miquelescribanoivars5049 oooh ok 👍

@@miquelescribanoivars5049 Where can I see those statements?

@@SuperYoshikong Avititan description: "A large browser found in the jungles of Southeast Asia, the avititan is as close to a sauropod as this world has (though it has some superficial similarities with the therizinosaurs of the mesozoic and the largely extinct Nothronychosaurs of the miocene)."

Sort of, a lot of prehistoric animals at the time were in decline, except for smaller creatures. As if a worldwide famine or something similar was happening, striking down larger animals, like a much more drawn out and subtle Great Dying.

It also makes more sense, because dinosaur arms and hands were limited in their flexibility, making a bow and arrow type of tool very impractical.

Awesome, thank you!

@@CuriousArchive i love your videos btw

Yeah, some birds can even start forest fires, they pick up a pice of burning wood and trow it some were to start the fire, this scare the animals that are hiding on the area and those birds hunt them.

Some eagles would drop turtles against rocks to break their shells and eat the content. There is even that infamous legend that an eagle mistook the bald head of an ancient greek philosopher for a rock and threw the turtle against his head.

I still think is a viable desing

I'm not sure it isn't. It was designed with the idea that the humanoid shape is the only one with possible human-level intelligence, and it changed a few things it possibly shouldn't have, like the flat feet. But we don't know, and can't :). So I agree, it's not impossible. I'm not really an expert on the matter tho.

He invited critique of it and he got just that in this video. What's your point :)?

@@typhoidtyphoon Yeah, why not? Evolution has Made weirder things

@@user-nl8xo2xq4w :D

Thanks, glad you like them!

No lire ther was the kT event at the very end of the certacus

Birb animased series

If it's something similar like prehistoric planet yes i would watch it in a heartbeat

You mean the Birrin ?

@@JcoleMc yes! That one

@@RulerOfLight i believe it had two legs and two arms. it looked to be similar to therizinosaurus. The Birrin are a four legged two armed aliens from a completely different creator.

@@JcoleMc i believe he was referring to all tomorrow’s star people, not the meta human

Thank you for making it clearer to me

Haha thank you, I appreciate it!

@@CuriousArchive np!

Wait a minute… do you follow him at that sub count too?

@@user-hp7ih8tf3y yes

FR. I subbed when he was at 10k and now he's at 70k. Fucking crazy.

I came here when the channel was with 3k...

@@gpliskinSame I knew from his content he would grow quickly

here is a thought, instead of a pickaxe or a warhammer, they have hammer masks and pick masks. I kind of want to draw that

@@toakrikitt you should! I would show all my friends!

Irl corvids use sticks as tools so...

@@lepusistlich6930 ok, look up videos of crows using sticks. Do you honestly think that when they are holding a stick, they have the same level of strength and precision as if you were holding one?

I also thought of them equiping their feet with extended-stone/steel claws and mainly using them to deal high ammounts of damage. Just like the Legend of the Guardians's Owls.

Since you are a cockatiel, you are clearly showing parrot-centrism. 😉

That was my only pet peeve about this. Either the dinos should have beaks more adapted for tool manipulation, or they should craft their tools to be way more comfortable and adapted for beaks than these have shown.

Like a parrot!

Maybe they should looks more like Oviraptors.

Thank you

Using spears to fish or hunt looks unlikely when they already have beaks of similar size. Fishing? Perhaps. Hunting.... Do you know what the advantage of a spear is? It's not just that it's pointy. It's also that it's *long*. A beak is directly in front of the head, so to peck, a creature must expose its head. This is a considerable risk, to say the least. This is on top of the fact a long weapon allows you to threaten something at a greater distance than your actual body can reach. (Relatedly, this is why the beak-masks are deemed 'not terribly practical') "They would also need more strength than they have to carve the stone, and" Not actually sure on their size, but with a chisel and not too much strength, you can carve stone. "I doubt they would use armor or clothing that would negatively affect the possibility of flight." Now you're the one being essentialist - only a small minority of dinosaurs actually developed flight, or really, developed toward flight - just because these have feathers doesn't make them fliers. Bats also have fur, after all. They're not actually corvid ancestors. Which is to say - they don't need to worry about the possibility of flight because they can't, their forelimbs being adapted for tool use and not, emphatically, flight. The first time a dinosauroid takes flight, it will be in an airplane. (Or a balloon, but... you get the idea.) Today they can, for example, drop nuts in highways so cars crack them open. If they are capable of that type of intelligence, imagine them developing further this "dropping" intelligence, learning about the use of different materials to drop and learning how to drop with angles, using this to carve and build bases or buildings. Slight problem. There are no cars. So, as you say, that step cannot occur. The ability to stack rocks is a start on constructing things, and to some extent, many animals already do it. It's also not that different from how brick/stone buildings are built. And the development of tool creation from tool use is a... well, it's hardly *simple*, but one can definitely imagine a species evolving from using debris as tools to potentially shaping and combining objects to make them more useful tools - for instance, picking leaves off a stick before using it to dip for ants. Their intelligence might develop in pursuit of greater efficiency in this pursuit, becoming more and more capable of abstract thinking, of contemplating 'is there something here that I can use' but 'can I make something that I can use from the things here/that I remember/that probably exist nearby/that I could make from other things I know about'. "They'd never get to develop thumbs" But... they already have thumbs? They have opposing claws on their forelimbs. "Art would also not be inside caves or made with feathers, but in open fields and made by dropping materials." Petroglyphs tend to last longer. Rock art is certainly a possibility, but I don't see any particular reason they *wouldn't* make cave art. Or paint on skins, or whatever.

Better locomotion of hands and opposite thumbs can easily evolve. Because we don't live on trees humans evolve better locomotion and opposite thumbs than other living apes. There could be possible to evolve in those theropods.

dude the dino we were looking at doesn't fly. so it's not far off that they would make armor when hunting. also the guy that was reading the book. they didn't use the evolve as a what if, not for something serious. it is fantasy after all. anything goes in a fantasy.

@@basedeltazero714 spears are only good for humans. 1. spears would have to be held in the arms; you're not telling me a tiny bird like creature can deliver any kind of efficient jab with its mouth. unless it has a serrated beak (for a better grip), that stupid stick is sliding out of its mouth. 2. spears being in the arms makes their range genuinely useless. now theyre big, theyre longer, theyre a little more unwieldly, and you risk slamming the pommel into your chest while you try and hit something while running (because theyre not standing still while they jab you. thats just not how any raptor type creature would hunt. that type of shit only works for humans, again. they will use the speed- they have it, humans dont.) 3. theyre fighting fast moving tyrannoraptors. no, theyre not fucking using the beak held stick. because itll pick them up and snap their back open. its literally useless. 4. dude i dont think these guys can chisel rock. sorry. you know how a chisel works, right? you take an item, place it on a stone, and smack it. seems simple right? except 1. their arms are arms, yes, but theyre not good arms, especially for their body shape. they still cant hold things the way humans do, i'm not accepting that kind of deduction from anyone. there is no way they're holding a chisel or a hammer as well as a human does. 2. hold the chisel and smack it. first off, they cant hold it, second off, they cant smack it either, because the movement is too awkward for one bird-raptor to try to carry out well. lets say they collaborate (making the chance of figuring out this method even smaller, but whatever) and someone hits the chisel with the hammer ... how do they MAKE the chisel AND the hammer...?? a hammer can be an improvised rock, yes, but what about the chisel? chisel is just a rock and stick of your choice, so i guess that works, but it sucks and probably wont work, just because beating a rock against a rock using a rock isn't that effective. you could say you beat a flat edged rock against a rock using a rock, but that has the same likely hood of working (literally zero). i highly doubt these dudes will ever use chisels until they get to metalworking or specifically perfecting natural items for them to use, which is not easy and definitely not happening accidentally. im saying it requires more thought than they actually have to copy humans in their style of evolution. most of my points are just "the anatomy of a bird, no matter the god damn fingers, is not allowing for this." and thats the reason crows are not using spears. they can use sticks, but theyre not killing animals larger than them with sticks, because thats just not how their god damn necks work. and the reason most of my points are literally the same thing is because the fucking author decided to make birds that copy literally everything humans do. its not creative if its just humans plastered onto raptors. and to anybody about to say "they'll evolve to do these things" no they probably wont, because they'll just find a more efficient way to do something way more efficient. .. like running, digging, flying, or pack hunting using their actual beaks. i love these animals, i hate everything about them.

@@3u-n3ma_r1-c0 Spears are extremely effective for essentially anything that can hold and thrust even halfway decently. It's kind of the universal weapon. 1: It's... entirely possible they would have serrated beaks? That's a thing that exists? And 'delivering an efficient jab' is A: a thing bird necks are designed to do, and B: literally what you're arguing. But I agree holding things in the mouth probably isn't terribly practical. 2: Okay, so the arms aren't as long as a human's. That doesn't mean they're useless or weak, it is possible to pack quite a lot of power into short limbs. Perhaps these creatures evolved to leap on prey and rip at it with their forelimbs as well as their beak. It would be quite reasonable to speculate that those limbs are capable of a quick, powerful thrust, the kind of thrust that would be ideal for use with a spear. Their main disadvantage would be that they can't throw particularly well, which is a quite significant disadvantage. They also can't as easily pass items across the chest (though they certainly could) or wield weapons in two hands, which would make _really_ long spears. That said... the equivalent of a 6' spear wouldn't be particularly difficult for them to carry. Larger spears are likely doable but somewhat less advantageous as they can't really swing a polearm. No, they would not need to carry the entire spear forward of their body. They'd carry it alongside their chest, you know, like spears are used. That said... they probably are faster. So that's an advantage. The idea of using it like a lance, as you seem to be imagining, is... somewhat feasible, but since they're not mounted they can't actually couch it, but sure, you could get a lot of force out of it. But that's not the only way to use a spear, and it's not even the only way to use a spear while moving, as it turns out that use of hand weapons doesn't actually impede foot movement. They can harry and swarm larger creatures, distracting and jabbing them as they circle, darting away from any counterattacks. This is... probably how raptor-like creatures already hunt, except they're now doing it from a longer, safer range, allowing them to tackle more dangerous prey and/or hunt more reliably. This doesn't actually prevent them from using more sophisticated, dare I say humanlike hunting techniques, like chasing animals into traps. 3: That's... more of an argument against hunting without the spears. The additional reach lets them stay out of range of retaliation. If the beak held stick *works*, then... well, it also gives additional range, because now in order to grab them, the target needs to reach across not only the length of the attacker's beak, but also the spear. This is rather basic. 4: The motion would be different, since they can't easily raise their arms over their heads. Personally, I would suggest that their arms are made primarily for thrusting and raking, so they could simply chisel directly, without the need for a hammer. That said, they could plausibly hold down the chisel with one hand and hammer with the beak. You know, like birds do to crack shells, for instance. They could even do this with two individuals - it's... uh. Not implausible that they work cooperatively, that's kind of the point of being highly intelligent. Chipping rocks against other rocks until they're pointy is literally a thing that people do. Rocks have various hardnesses, fracture points, and numerous other ways in which they can be broken down. There's also bone as an option, which is more workable yet in some cases more durable than rock. You're basically arguing against the concept of paleolithic tools. Also this: "i highly doubt these dudes will ever use chisels until they get to metalworking or specifically perfecting natural items for them to use, which is not easy and definitely not happening accidentally. " So. Never. You're never 'getting to metalworking' if you can't chisel. And *yes the whole point is that perfecting natural items is not easy*. "and thats the reason crows are not using spears. they can use sticks, but theyre not killing animals larger than them with sticks, because thats just not how their god damn necks work." Well, they don't have hands, for one. For another, they aren't intelligent enough to make a spear. A significant portion of this is _because_ they'd have difficulty actually making use of it, so there's no purpose in evolving higher intelligence. The intellect to make tools and the dexterity to use those tools are overwhelmingly likely to co-evolve, because they're each far, far less useful without the other. "and to anybody about to say "they'll evolve to do these things" no they probably wont, because they'll just find a more efficient way to do something way more efficient. .. like running, digging, flying, or pack hunting using their actual beaks." Well, yes. That's getting at why human levels of intelligence aren't, apparently, commonplace. Because it's incredibly costly from a metabolic perspective, and there are other local maxima that discourage its development. There's a reason intelligence emerged from apes - because they already have good dexterity, originally for climbing, and they have good cognition due to their need to spot food and navigate their environment. These traits were able to synergize with each other, allowing for an advantage that either one could not, and further developed by the resulting success. As this combination became more and more successful, it became more and more overwhelmingly important, and proto-humans evolved in ways that encouraged it, even though this meant giving up certain other advantages. Observing the species that are quite intelligent, but *do not* develop, to put it briefly, civilization... Corvids are one such group. They're quite clever, but they're limited by being birds. The first burden of this is the metabolic toll of flight, but also difficulty of tool use due to the lack of opposable thumbs. If you took a crow and made it human-level intelligent, what would it gain? Greater specialization of labor? Well, first off, that's something that came later in human history, but okay, how? It could potentially hunt more efficiently, but too what degree does this matter? A bare-handed human is hardly a better hunter than a chimpanzee. Fire and cooking? Well... maybe, but how would it make fire? Tool use? Now we come back to the problem. Its body design makes it difficult to actually use tools, so it has to make do with tools it can use, one way or another. And remember that intelligence is *metabolically expensive*, so every bit of intelligence it can't put to use is a tremendous detriment. If it were more able to use tools, however... then it might actually be able to make use of the enhanced intelligence. Clawed wings, though they are not as condusive to flight, would allow it to more easily manipulate tools, and even without anything like an actual spear, one might imagine... perhaps, it sharpening sticks, weighting them, and dropping them on relatively larger prey, just as an example. Manipulating fire with, at least, greater ease, maybe even being able to start fires. All of this would mean that it was tremendously advantageous to focus on tool use over being better at flight. ... and these speculative creatures aren't actually corvids, but a descendant of proto-avian dinosaurs with black feathers. You will note that archaeopteryx *does* have claws on its wings. Given that we are positing an intelligent creature it is reasonable to assume that it has features conducive to intelligence, and will use and expand on those features to the greatest extent possible. That it has, in fact, evolved in a suitable path, even if that path is not the most likely, and there certainly are local maxima - seeming large local maxima - that a given species is more likely to fall into, but for the thought experiment to work it has not, and instead developed along a path that allows it to ultimately develop civilization, and for that, the ability to *actually use* tools is essential, trumphing flight, speed, strength, anything. If it did not use tools and instead developed the ability to fly, it would be a different animal. Fundamentally the creature you are describing is a wolf. A pack hunter, lives in family groups, fast, clever, and utterly unable to use tools. A fearsome and deadly predator, well adapted to its environment... and currently maintained in existence merely because the species that *did* go all in on intelligence thinks it would be mean to kill them *all*.

T. rex was by no means a fast runner, but likely an endurance pursuer. It can still work. Heck, the theropod body plan avoids the multiple problems our body plan crashed face-first into, like the trouble of giving birth, the back pain from a sudden transition to bipedal stance, etc. they probably would’ve stayed cool by panting. Sure, it’s not as effective, but it still should work well enough.

while i see where you're coming from i believe that in this case spears would be useful because of their increased reach, allowing for safer engagement. not to mention other potential improvements such as sharpness etc.

Unlikely...we would have found some sort of sign of this happening by now because if their bones were going to be preserved, they'd be found in or around the sites of their settlements which would have left some evidence of habitation/tool usage

@@Shinzon23 the settlements definitely wouldnt have. Look at human settlements and what is left of them, theyre decently rare. And also, the fossils record is incomplete. New archeological discoveries are made constantly, but a tribal or civilisation from 10s or hundreds of millions of years ago? There could be nothing left.

It's a possibility. We honestly dont know if smaller raptors or theropods survived long after the rock and it's possible a few persisted to evolve than eventually left our world or went extinct. 66 million years is a awfully long time. Also finding remains or ruins would be near impossible or extremely difficult as the environment would naturally wear down technology to destroying it outright. Monuments of rock would end up looking like natural rock again from the elements materials could disintegrate, and remains destroyed either by burial traditions or environment. Remember that the only reason we find fossils at all is due to luck that the animal preserved in rock at the right time most remains eventually break apart or eaten by smaller organisms. The bone vulturer for example eats bones and there are organisms in the ocean that breaks down even whale bone. So we might never know. Unless we by luck found something. The best way to do that is to determine what type of environment such a creature would favor and then look at soil levels in areas that would have been habitable. Still though we humanities habits of story telling of creatures like the rainbow serpents, the feathered serpent, mysterious reptilians. Kinda makes you wonder that maybe there might have been something that might have survived.

@@Quetzalcoatl_Feathered_Serpent maybe, but even during the mesozoic, its not impossible. I mean we know so little really that a Permian civilisation of Trilobites isnt beyond the realms of possibility.