DIY Tube Amp sounds better than a normal Amp?!

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GreatScott!

GreatScott!

Күн бұрын

Altium Designer: altium.com/yt/greatscott!
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In this video I will not only show you how to build a proper vacuum tube amplifier, but I will also directly compare it to a transistor amp. You will hear the audio quality difference between them and I will also show you the difference between them by using an FFT and also by creating a Bode plot. Along the way you will learn all about tube amplifiers which come with a proper tube output stage as well as a transformer. Let's get started!
Thanks to Altium for sponsoring this video.
Music:
2011 Lookalike by Bartlebeats
0:00 I did injustice to tube amp lovers
1:15 Intro
1:54 Tube Theory (triode, pentode)
3:54 DIY Tube Amp schematic
5:51 Building the DIY Tube Amp
6:35 First Tube Amp audio test
7:45 Audio quality comparison
8:59 FFT & Bode plot comparison
9:34 Verdict

Пікірлер: 1 000
@MrCarlsonsLab
@MrCarlsonsLab 2 жыл бұрын
Fascinating! Enjoyed the video :^)
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the feedback :-) If you enjoyed the video then I think I did not make that many mistakes with the tube design. I mean, I often hear from my viewers that you are very familiar with the technology :-)
@MrCarlsonsLab
@MrCarlsonsLab 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab Well, I've worked on a tube circuit or two ;^) I'm all about encouragement, you did well!
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
@@MrCarlsonsLab Thank you very much :-)
@8bits59
@8bits59 2 жыл бұрын
Fancy seeing you here, Mr. Carlson. Love both of your guys' content, been watching both for ages now.
@fozy6557
@fozy6557 2 жыл бұрын
I see your facebook post i think you should change your style
@wychowanek90
@wychowanek90 2 жыл бұрын
Greatscott "I can't do it, it may blow up!" Meanwhile ElectroBOOM "Let's plug it in!" * explosion * * profanity * * more profanity *
@matthewday7565
@matthewday7565 2 жыл бұрын
Photonicinduction ... Lets give it some more volts
@tenviki
@tenviki 2 жыл бұрын
I was looking for this comment 😂
@Karminten
@Karminten 2 жыл бұрын
And more pain
@wychowanek90
@wychowanek90 2 жыл бұрын
Oh and I just remembered the UK hotel episode "Definitely shorted, let's plug it in and see what happens"
@smittywerbenjagarmanjensen3059
@smittywerbenjagarmanjensen3059 2 жыл бұрын
@@matthewday7565 naughty boy time ⚡️
@nil3010
@nil3010 2 жыл бұрын
It's rare to see greatScott getting into panic mode 👀
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
It happens from time to time. But not on camera. I thought it would be fun to include it here ;-)
@nil3010
@nil3010 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab 👀👀
@RickB3n
@RickB3n 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab please new old stock tube, and also complete amo with rectifier tube.
@Waves0815
@Waves0815 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab Gotta say I love seeing these reaction. Feeling the same way quite often when turning breakers on again after some repairs or renovations of buildings. Especially big fuses are always a little scary.
@Surya-00
@Surya-00 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab yes .it
@user-bd6eo9wk9j
@user-bd6eo9wk9j 4 ай бұрын
Tube amps are the normal amps. Solid state amps are the weird ones...
@-RobGPT-
@-RobGPT- Ай бұрын
Amen
@Kaaputenen
@Kaaputenen 2 жыл бұрын
The man is an electronics genius, a terrific educator, a good guitar player, and good looking to boot! What can't he do? Also, you should totally have a second channel where you play guitar and do covers.
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Oh stop it :-) I am actually not that great with the guitar. Still lots of learning/practicing to do.
@samuelmartiskainen1081
@samuelmartiskainen1081 2 жыл бұрын
Terveisia Israilista
@rubabmubarrat
@rubabmubarrat 2 жыл бұрын
I agree so. He is my inspiration in electronics.
@zer0r00t
@zer0r00t 2 жыл бұрын
Nice handwriting too
@8Junio76
@8Junio76 Жыл бұрын
I agree in everything expect being a good guitar player. He was mediocre at best.
@apmdavies
@apmdavies 2 жыл бұрын
Using a non-gapped (ie. mains transformer) for a single ended output of the 6L6 will affect the output quality and frequency response significantly even if the the impedance ratio is correct. The flattening of the part of the sine wave and hence increased distortion are partly the result of this.
@jimcatanzaro7808
@jimcatanzaro7808 2 жыл бұрын
Ya and add a 10henry choke and better filter caps and test the ac after the filter capacitors I have built some very poor sounding tube amplifiers and some very good sounding ones Also soild state amplifiers are great for low end bass but honestly if you own a 1950-1960 hi end stereo tube amplifier and play the music of that era it was recorded on it cannot be beat But if you play something that was recorded today with digital and effects it just doesn’t sound right it’s all subjective in all accounts
@analogpedals
@analogpedals 2 жыл бұрын
And Celestion Greenback and a Hammond OT too :)
@matthewdilger6755
@matthewdilger6755 2 жыл бұрын
The added distortion is mostly 2nd order and even order harmonics. This happy coincidence gives a pleasing depth to the sound. Like having 2 or 3 talented back up guitarists. For other applications you’d have to filter all that out but for music it’s awesome.
@maudiojunky
@maudiojunky 2 жыл бұрын
That's true in class A, but most tube power amps are class AB and produce only odd harmonics, so use of a tube preamp with a solid state power amp hits the mark if you want even order tube distortion. That being said, there is some asymmetry in the class AB stage usually introduced by imbalance in the phase inverter tube or circuit, which adds some even harmonics back. A lot of what we associate with the tube sound though is actually interactions with the output transformer and, in older designs, the tube rectifier. Many tube power amps also have minimal negative feedback, giving a more gradual breakup than a typical solid state class AB design, even if the distortion is mostly odd-order still. The tube power amp built in this video is an exception because it is class A, but most of the cherished amps from Fender, Vox, Marshall, etc. are class AB.
@rafgaming709
@rafgaming709 2 жыл бұрын
@UCY--FesMnRbnw_0rpx954HA I agree. Douglas Self on power amps design says the same thing. If distortion in hifi systems is a desirable effects, then there must be a switch or a know to turn it on and off, just like tone controls on preamps. If distortion is purposely ingrained within the power amp circuit, that defies the point of hifi
@thomasmaughan4798
@thomasmaughan4798 2 жыл бұрын
ODD order harmonics are the pleasing harmonics that you get from, say, a wind instrument. Even order harmonics are a lot harder on the ear; steel and heavy metal. Tubes are inherently nonlinear which creates intermodulation distortion but NOT usually the evil twin "clipping". Intermod is when you have say, a 200 Hz signal and a 300 Hz signal and after amplification, not only do you have the 200 and the 300, but sum and difference frequencies 100 Hz and 500 Hz at a much reduced level. Because the products are harmonically related it does make the sound a bit "warmer" and that's an effect that many people prefer to strict scienific accuracy and an amplifier with a damping factor of 1000 or more. Tubes have almost NO damping factor if I remember right; the ability to absorb and control the energy developed in the speaker itself as the voice coil moves through a magnetic field.
@rafgaming709
@rafgaming709 2 жыл бұрын
@@thomasmaughan4798 I dont think that damping factor has to do with intermodulation distortion. It is the ratio of the speaker's impedance to the output amplifier impedance.
@maudiojunky
@maudiojunky 2 жыл бұрын
@@rafgaming709 Correct - damping factor only really comes into play when phase shift is near zero in the driven system (resonance) or if your output impedance is grossly inadequate. In other conditions the negative feedback of the amplifier is incapable of correcting loudspeaker nonlinearity due to the phase shift in the loudspeaker. Damping factor is typically a worthless spec that is trumped up on hi-fi products to have another big number to brag about. I have no idea what @Thomas Maughan is on about because intermodulation distortion is highly unmusical, resembling the sound of a ring modulator, and is generally to be avoided at all costs unless you want an unintelligible sound. You also can't produce intermodulation distortion separately from harmonic distortion in an amplifier circuit - they are always co-present. A great example of horrific intermodulation distortion can be had by running any loudspeaker past its linear excursion, especially with regard to the magnetic circuit. This is of course part of guitar sound in many cases because guitar speakers have very little Xmax, but for music reproduction it's never desirable. Regarding odd vs even harmonics, that's backwards as well unless you want to get into the subjectivity of "pleasing". Low-order even harmonics, by definition, produce octave overtones and result in a coherent, "singing" sound on single notes, but typically the intermodulation distortion of a circuit that produces mostly even harmonics is more pronounced as well, souring chords. Odd harmonics provide the thick, hard-edged, brassy sound associated with crunchy distortion in the guitar/music production world because their relationship to the original sound is not a simple octave effect. Again though, intermodulation distortion is a huge part of traditional guitar tone, adding false bass notes that increase the perceived power and fullness of simple intervals like the fifth and octave, special cases where the sum and difference products are harmonically related to the original signal. "Overdrive" style guitar distortion keeps chords from sounding unintelligible by applying a high-pass filter as pre-emphasis before/during clipping in order to prevent intermodulating the fundamental frequencies of the notes being processed, thereby maintaining enough information for your brain to determine what the original notes were. You'll also find a lot of high-pass filtering in high-gain guitar amplifiers for this reason.
@jjmcrosbie
@jjmcrosbie 2 жыл бұрын
Sir, thank you for this video. I hope you will permit some observations. 1 - Your valve amplifier has NO NEGATIVE FEEDBACK (NFB). The Fender amp to which you referred almost certainly had. Your semiconductor amp certainly is heavily fed back. 2 - You are comparing a low-level semiconductor circuit with a power valve circuit which is obviously unjust. It would be fairer if you compared it with the 12AX7 WITH NFB APPLIED. 3 - If you really wanted to compare like with like, you might take such a circuit as the Mullard 5-10 valve amp and compare it with one of their 10W transistor amplifiers. 4 - To apply simple NFB to your valve amp 12AX7 , I suggest omitting C2 and C4 (the cathode bypass Cs). 5 - Apply NFB to the output stage which includes the OP trans. Connect one side of the output transformer secondary to ground, and feedback through a high resistor - maybe 1M - to the cathode end of the now unbypassed R4. Start with high R to see whether the amp oscillates. If so, reverse the connections to the OP trans sec. 6 - For the OP stage feedback, first measure its gain (A) from grid of the OP valve to OP trans sec. Then arrange the feedback ratio to be between 1÷A and 2÷A (that's R4 ÷ new feedback R from OPT sec) 7 - To refine the circuit, insert a 100R resistor at the ground end of R4 and feedback onto its junction with R4. Reduce the feedback resistor in proportion with 100R to retain the same feedback ratio. For more info on OP stage NFB on single-ended valve amplifier, see www.r-type.org/articles/art-003h.htm which will include some phase correction for the OP transformer. 8 - Please note the suppressor grid's function. The low-energy electrons emitted by a warm anode are referred to as "Secondary emission". The suppressor grid's function is to creating a weak reverse electric field. This doesn't affect the higher energy electrons from the cathode, but serves to repel - or suppress - secondary emission. It doesn't conduct them to the cathode. Incidentally the 6L6 is a beam tetrode with beam-forming plates instead of a suppressor grid. They're connected to the cathode and suppress secondary emission by beam-forming the electron flow to the cathode. 9 - The absence of an OP transformer from semiconductor amplifiers removes two problems that exist in valve amplifiers: (i) the OP trans introduces distortion and limits the OP stage's bandwidth, both LF and HF. (ii) Because of (i), there is a severe limit to the level of NFB within the limits of amplifier stability. So the semiconductor amplifier can sustain a very high level of NFB whence a very low distortion. 10 - The wasted power in valve amps weighs against them also. 11 - There are some hifi addicts who still say valve amplifiers "listen better" than semiconductor amps. Where you and I listen to the music, they listen to the distortion. To each his own. 12 - Finally, I explain that as an 80 year old (retired) electronic engineer, I've designed with both thermionic and semiconductor technology. I remember lots of folk who claimed that they "Knew all about valve circuits but couldn't get on with transistors". A few penetrating questions usually showed that they didn't know all about valve circuits anyway. Now I encounter people who claim the reverse. And some of them actually do understand semiconductor circuits. Just some of them.
@JetEdz
@JetEdz 2 жыл бұрын
Love your videos! Thank you for putting in the time to do this comparison.
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching!
@ehwestonful
@ehwestonful 2 жыл бұрын
I still remember going through an amplifier build with my father over 60 years ago using 6L6's in a Push-Pull Class B configuration. The more things change, the more they stay the same.
@DnaX
@DnaX 2 жыл бұрын
I appreciate your explanation about the pentode and how it's designed
@gerryalbers781
@gerryalbers781 2 жыл бұрын
I love your videos. They are well documented and explained. I hope KZfaq gives you credit for all you have done. Keep it up.
@trulyindian3211
@trulyindian3211 2 жыл бұрын
Nice and soothing music you played in your guiter ❤️ and also the video is very informative..
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks a lot 😊
@rinokentie8653
@rinokentie8653 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the video. I have built many transistor and Tube amps. My overall preference is for the Single Ended (class A) tube amp. With modern capacitors and transformers and just a little feed-back, they sound great.
@Phroggster
@Phroggster 2 жыл бұрын
I saw your community post today, so I figured I had to get in and watch this. I got the notification yesterday, but it was one of those "add to watch later" days, but that list only seems to get longer, so I'm glad the community post reminded me to come back to this. You put so much into your videos, and it's very clear how much joy teaching electronics brings. Keep up the fight, the world needs to know this stuff!
@FerroequinologistofColorado
@FerroequinologistofColorado 2 жыл бұрын
Love watching your videos. Keep up the fantastic work GreatScott
@furonwarrior
@furonwarrior 2 жыл бұрын
Would love to see more of you playing the guitar. 😄
@gabrielhynek8863
@gabrielhynek8863 2 жыл бұрын
Diy is Win
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Maybe I can include my guitar more often in future projects ;-)
@andycoppes
@andycoppes 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab diy wahwah pedal. Just guessing, it is a fancy tone knob. Lord knows you're a voodoo child 🙏😎
@Electronichub_05
@Electronichub_05 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab You could build a guitar amp and make a video on it, that would be awesome 😅
@poopfartlord9695
@poopfartlord9695 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab Maaaate, I would watch the shit out of guitar related content.
@charliemillhollin4471
@charliemillhollin4471 2 жыл бұрын
You deserve more recognition! I hate not seeing when your videos come out because I always look forward to them. I wish you luck on this platform, thank you for always creating quality content for years
@petersage5157
@petersage5157 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for revisiting this! It would have been nice to see a bit more about the harmonic distortion on the scope, but I'm glad you gave this an honest try.
@telecomex
@telecomex Жыл бұрын
Nice Workshop! Thanks for this detailed analysis.
@m.s.m8918
@m.s.m8918 2 жыл бұрын
At 6:50 if it was electroboom he would plug it straight in mains 😁
@creatorx3795
@creatorx3795 2 жыл бұрын
:D
@vgamesx1
@vgamesx1 2 жыл бұрын
Yeah, and he would have put a capacitor or something backwards causing it to blow up.
@malcolmholmes115
@malcolmholmes115 2 жыл бұрын
First thought when he wanted to plug it in was about electroboom
@idrisddraig2
@idrisddraig2 2 жыл бұрын
Remember Electroboom has weak/safe 110v mains......but the joke still stands ;)
@GORF_EMPIRE
@GORF_EMPIRE 2 жыл бұрын
The output transformer of a tube amp is very important. Size does matter as well as closely match impedance between tube and speaker. The bottom end will thank you. I've yet to hear a transistor amp sound as warm as a tube amp.
@fraserbuilds
@fraserbuilds 2 жыл бұрын
Amazing video, really intuitive description of tube amps helped me alot :)
@tajedwards9832
@tajedwards9832 2 жыл бұрын
Learnt a lot over the last few years, keep it up!
@manmohansingh1642
@manmohansingh1642 2 жыл бұрын
Very informative and detailed
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Glad you think so!
@t.nitheesh5898
@t.nitheesh5898 2 жыл бұрын
I learnt it bro and always like you diy or buy episode.👍🔥😎
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Glad to hear that
@adolfoalansanchez593
@adolfoalansanchez593 2 жыл бұрын
Awesome video! I'm an electronics engineering student and get very excited with your videos! This one does match the stuff I'm learning these days.
@innomkr
@innomkr 2 жыл бұрын
Another great video from Great Scott!
@slazinger
@slazinger 2 жыл бұрын
Great video man, as a guitarrist I think the point of tube amplification is in overdriven sounds, for clean guitar it doesn't matter so much, and in fact I think there are some legendary amps for clean guitar that are transistor based. However the warm overdriven tones you get with tubes are irreproducible with transistors that have a very nasty sounding saturation.
@guilldea
@guilldea 2 жыл бұрын
yep I feel like this is the main distiction it should be made when saying which one "sounds better", does better = cooler effects or accurate reproduction?
@e2jw
@e2jw 2 жыл бұрын
Nice video and yes, everything has a chosen purpose. You are absolutely right that transistors will get you better efficiency and much lower total harmonic distortion (THD) which is important when you want to faithfully recreate a signal (say at the recording mixer in a studio). However, one of the reasons tube amps are so popular amongst guitarist, is that certain kinds of distortion modes are highly desirable, along with the needed amplification. You have a class A design here, likewise, class AB along with the effects of magnetic saturation and loudspeaker type/size and speaker cabinet all significantly affect/color the linear and non-linear responses of the sound. From an artist perspective the sum of all of this it is referred to as "tone" - which means more than adjusting the treble and bass knobs btw. Also, electric guitarist use lots of "petals" between their (carefully chosen) guitar and the input to the amp. Some of these are "over-drive" petals, and are specifically designed to drive excess signal levels into the preamp of a tube type amp (but not a transistor amp). Tubes have a softer (slower) distortion characteristic (compression) than transistor circuits which remain linear until they hit the supply rails and "clip" the signal. Transistor clipping is harsh and generally not considered musically pleasant, whereas, tube amps have a non-linear gain that allows a wider range of operation before hard clipping occurs. This allows the musician to adjust their rig so they can play softer or harder, and control the transition of clean to dirty sound. BTW, it is worth mentioning that DSP technology has come a long way in reproducing these characteristics, see the Kemper and Line6 product line. Lastly, when you used the variac to bring up the plate voltage, I couldn't help but think of Eddie Van Halen, as he made this famous by using a variac to lower the plate voltage of a Marshall Plexi amp to achieve a seriously iconic sound (along with a lot of other things to go along with this too). FWIW, I grew up in a TV / Radio repair shop as a kid and it encouraged me to get a MSEE - additionally I am also a guitarist (since early teen years). Now, my oldest son is halfway through his EE degree... my how time flies! Love your channel - keep up the great work!
@johnracaru6394
@johnracaru6394 2 жыл бұрын
Also it looks like the most popular guitar speakers no mater what brand have really "low-fidelity " deformed spike in response in frequency around some popular guitar solos range done by famous guitarists and that makes everybody so subjective... tubes were the hippest amps made during famous 60-70 world rock stars and that's why they are still so popular...to design a very good tube amp has to be with driver transformer pushpool tube and very good transformer with special simetrical sections.. also the core laminate should be less than 0.2mm and silicon or permaloy, mumetal etc...there will be very good rezults but very expensive and very heavy...
@kennethjanczak4900
@kennethjanczak4900 2 жыл бұрын
great video Thanks for taking the time to make the video and share it
@decomputerleraarable
@decomputerleraarable 2 жыл бұрын
I believe your videos are getting better and better! Rob
@uzmeyer1752
@uzmeyer1752 2 жыл бұрын
Just a small heads up for if you are ever going to revisit this again, but the thing that's most likely holding you back is the output transformer. For single ended tube amps the OT is normally air gapped to prevent saturation from high idle currents. Regular center tapped power transformers or ELA line transformers work for push pull designs but purpose made OTs generally offer much better linearity. There are also special ultra linear OTs with an extra windings that feed the screen grids and through some magic make the response even better. Good sources in germany are tubetown, tubeampdoctor (both more towards guitar amps) and "Frag Jan zuerst"
@furonwarrior
@furonwarrior 2 жыл бұрын
This is also a good example of radio amplifiers for ham radio operators. The larger size amps still use tubes for amplification for the money spent, it’s sad to see that there will probably be a lot of distortion from higher harmonics.
@hicknopunk
@hicknopunk 2 жыл бұрын
Yes, but it is even order. This is pleasant.
@mydogworriesalot1840
@mydogworriesalot1840 2 жыл бұрын
1000 Watts for a Ham should be a good build its the maximum ands there should be lots of good parts and designs like the classic WW 2 American 5 coming at you mean and clean I thing the radio set on Apollo was 25 Watts if Im not mistaken cheaper better faster good tech always keeps hanging around careful pushing the power :)
@SimonBlandford
@SimonBlandford 2 жыл бұрын
RF power amps are usually class-C anyway. So there will be plenty of harmonics regardless of output device. However, only the fundamental frequency is required so the load (output matching and antenna) resonates at that frequency and also enough filtering is used to keep the FCC, or equivalent, happy.
@nathanas64
@nathanas64 2 жыл бұрын
I truly enjoy your videos! I’m just a part time hobbyist and have learned so much. Please keep them coming !
@iikatinggangsengii2471
@iikatinggangsengii2471 6 ай бұрын
theyre fun and interesting for me, but cant really recommending to others
@niar491
@niar491 2 жыл бұрын
Been waiting for a while on this one
@ejc4684
@ejc4684 2 жыл бұрын
Yes the tube amps sound great when overdriven. I play metal guitar and I love the tube amps for this. With a good tube amp though they can sound really nice and clear when not overdriven and produce a clean guitar sound. Transistor amps are fun too. Everything has its place.
@jasonharrison25
@jasonharrison25 2 жыл бұрын
I hate the sound of either amp being overdriven so I prefer the sound of a transistor amp.
@olpqay
@olpqay 2 жыл бұрын
Hey, congratulations for getting sponsored by Altium! You deserve it, mate! 👌🏼
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks :-)
@valentinandreibanu
@valentinandreibanu 2 жыл бұрын
Interesting video...keep doing this types of comparison videos
@minhanossachave
@minhanossachave 2 жыл бұрын
Although sometimes I don understand a thing, love your videos and it makes me study
@sajidmohammad3190
@sajidmohammad3190 2 жыл бұрын
GreatScott knowing everything is ok: "No, I can't do it, it may blow up" 😐 Meanwhile ElectroBOOM knowing something is shorted: "Let's plug it in." 💥💥 Photonic: "Let's OVERVOLT it" 😁
@youkofoxy
@youkofoxy 2 жыл бұрын
Dave Jones: don't turn on take it apart.
@Tommy-pv1vh
@Tommy-pv1vh 2 жыл бұрын
i recommend doing a thing called bi-amping where you combine a tube amp and a transistor amp to get the "distorted" sound of a tube amp and the bass response of a transistor amp (can only be done on certain speakers)
@MahaYoddhaYT
@MahaYoddhaYT 2 жыл бұрын
Always love your videos @GreatScott 👌👌👌 its very informative for me
@dylanarcher827
@dylanarcher827 2 жыл бұрын
Your explanation of triode / tetrode / pentode was very informative, thanks :)
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
My pleasure!
@akhurash
@akhurash 2 жыл бұрын
Love Altium at work but too expensive for hobby projects. :( Great project by the way!!
@ThePunischer1000
@ThePunischer1000 2 жыл бұрын
Yeah that’s what I don’t get about the Altium ads on several channels. Almost no viewer will be willing to pay 300 bucks per month for the industry standard PCB designer. I simply don’t get what the target audience is for these ads.
@bacphan7582
@bacphan7582 2 жыл бұрын
you know, you can go to "grey" zone and be a pirate. cracking Altium is not hard, but you have to do your own research, i cant tell you for obviously reason
@bacphan7582
@bacphan7582 2 жыл бұрын
​@@ThePunischer1000 People who willing to install "non-legal" software. If you has searched about it, you will be surprised by how easy to bypass Altium security. I think they are intended that way, to make more and more people using Altium, so that when those people apply for a job, they will tell their boss to buy Altium, since that what they are familiar with. I believe this is also business model of Winrar
@graealex
@graealex 2 жыл бұрын
I doubt you will need the full Altium Designer for your hobby projects. CircuitMaker is free, and CircuitStudio is at least affordable. I agree that the Designer is a bit pricey for non-commercial use.
@akhurash
@akhurash 2 жыл бұрын
I don’t plan on using an illegal copy of Altium, since I have access to it through work anyways. I tend to use KiCad for simpler projects.
@piiumlkj6497
@piiumlkj6497 2 жыл бұрын
I tried building class A and AB amp circuits with no success , I had to surrender and use discrete ICs , the results were spectacular with the TDA2030 but I think that my response wasn't flat , great subject though ! Please make more videos on amps !
@toddmarshall7573
@toddmarshall7573 2 жыл бұрын
Would be neat to see him follow up with a Class D design...that just blows all others away.
@1900OP
@1900OP 2 жыл бұрын
dig into it's internal schematic to figure out how it works
@piiumlkj6497
@piiumlkj6497 2 жыл бұрын
@@toddmarshall7573 from an efficiency stand point sure , but if you want max quality class a and ab are better , class d basically you're listening to a filtered square wave .
@piiumlkj6497
@piiumlkj6497 2 жыл бұрын
@@1900OP too complicated and too many components inside those ICs , you even have to match transistor gain across transistors . That's too much work !
@1900OP
@1900OP 2 жыл бұрын
@@piiumlkj6497 That's the limit you put on yourself.
@MustangBoss1973
@MustangBoss1973 2 жыл бұрын
Really interesting, informative and well made video, thank you.
@Ligh7Bulb
@Ligh7Bulb 8 ай бұрын
The photography of you writing is excellent
@billn2647
@billn2647 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, but I thought I'd point out something important that seems to have been missed. When you have a single ended amp like this, the output transformer has to have an air gap in it for it to work properly in this situation. A repurposed power transformer isn't going to have one.
@thomasmaughan4798
@thomasmaughan4798 2 жыл бұрын
As otherwise you are going to saturate the core with DC.
@djtransnazgrz
@djtransnazgrz 2 жыл бұрын
@@thomasmaughan4798 look at the bode plot section. That thing is just waiting to go into self-oscillation.
@tiger.98
@tiger.98 2 жыл бұрын
Yup, that distortion is core saturation. Also, altough only for hifi, feedback is very commonly used and brings distortion way down.
@joseislanio8910
@joseislanio8910 2 жыл бұрын
Also, there are other factors that sum up for a good output transformer, like the material of the core, interleaving, inductance and auto capacitance. With a power transformer instead of a proper output transformer, he's basically hijacking the results.
@jonsnow7092
@jonsnow7092 Жыл бұрын
@@joseislanio8910 yeah, this whole build is extremely amateurish. if you're going for a diy tube amp, there are plenty of legendary schematics that you can even modify to your taste for an amazing result; going for the right components, especially the output transformer (old guitar builders say the OT is 70% of the tone) is critical. also, without a guitar speaker it will always sound like shit. the SS tone in this video sounds like shit, the tube one also sounds like shit. as someone that built and modded a few tube guitar amps, if a diy guitar tube amp doesn't make you jizz your pants, especially a class A one, you're doing it wrong.
@shahmeerkayani336
@shahmeerkayani336 2 жыл бұрын
Can you make a Tesla coil ( not the solid state one). By the way love your videos love from pakistan
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
I can put it on my to do list :-)
@avejst
@avejst 2 жыл бұрын
great review great comparison thanks for sharing your experience with all of us 👍😀
@gameratortylerstein5636
@gameratortylerstein5636 2 жыл бұрын
As always, a great, educational video!
@andyhowlett2231
@andyhowlett2231 2 жыл бұрын
It's not really 'tube sound' it's 'transformer sound'. The output transformer being a reactive component, has the biggest effect on the sound. Transistor amps don't use transformers so you don't get the same effect.
@turolretar
@turolretar 2 жыл бұрын
As far as I know tube amps are only really useful when you want to get tube overdriven sound (and it is quite remarkable), which basically leaves only guitar amps, since for a normal amp you want no distortion of sound
@deanhalleck5738
@deanhalleck5738 2 жыл бұрын
I'm sorry , I beg to differ tube amplifiers have much more use than just to get over driven sound, a very well designed tube amplifier can sound more pleasing than most transistor amplifiers , at least to my ears , and in fact many audiophiles or music enthusiasts prefer tube amplifiers... although solid state can sound very good as well. Audio lovers that have auditioned many kinds of amplifier designs usually have a preference for one or the other, although the actual sound quality of and amplifier design whether tube or solid state is most influenced by the actual design and implementation, both can sound very good and both can sound bad. - My choice was governed by having a fairly complex and power hunger set of speakers NHT 3.3's, they were a 4 way design that needed some serious power to reach their full potential , my choice after listening to dozens of some of the best tube amplifiers and solid state amplifiers at that time - (this was in the mid 90's) - was a pair of Monoblock Tube amplifiers - a VTL MB300 DELUXE tube amplifiers that put out 300 watts , and they sounded So Good together , made you grin from ear to ear. When it comes to sound quality the only thing that matters in the end is how an amplifier or any other piece of audio equipment sound to you personally.
@ABaumstumpf
@ABaumstumpf 2 жыл бұрын
@@deanhalleck5738 "very well designed tube amplifier can sound more pleasing than most transistor amplifiers" Or in short - a highend, very expensive setup CAN sound better than a dirt cheap one - what a wonder. For the same complexity or cost a transistor-amplifier simply is superior.
@alexstevensen4292
@alexstevensen4292 2 жыл бұрын
@@deanhalleck5738 yeah the heavy tube amps I had a pair of multitones mono blocks 8 tubes each (8 times el34) they got really hot I used them for some live setting but decided I better use the class D amps. I sold them but good lord they were some heavy tube amps really awesome. They had the full 200/300 watts when I hooked them up to the AR3a's it was like some giant rubber hammer had landed in the room. that was some serious tube power :)
@Jenisonc
@Jenisonc 6 ай бұрын
This is so badass. It's my DREAM to build a tube amp from scratch. But I have about 1/1000th of your knowledge. Pretty fn awesome. 🤘
@magribi
@magribi 2 жыл бұрын
You are a great engineer.i sub your channel because of your super easy explanation.
@Slushee
@Slushee 2 жыл бұрын
I think the transistor amp sounds better, but it's true, clipping on a tube amp sounds miles better than clipping on a transistor
@xanderguldie
@xanderguldie 2 жыл бұрын
An amp should never clip. Either buy more sensitive speakers or a more powerful amp
@joe070907080706
@joe070907080706 2 жыл бұрын
Xavier Monteballan I think he means when purposely overdriven like in a guitar amplifier
@Valtra103
@Valtra103 2 жыл бұрын
@@xanderguldie clipping is used on guitar amps all the time. Purposely overdriving and distorting signal is part of electric guitar music.
@xanderguldie
@xanderguldie 2 жыл бұрын
@@Valtra103 yeah, the other dude also pointed that out and you're correct. I was also aware of that fact, but since we're on the subject of high end audiophile gear in was only talking about those kind of amplifiers.
@Valtra103
@Valtra103 2 жыл бұрын
@@xanderguldie And you are right in case of recording reproduction. Clipping should never happen in that case. I Would even say, nearing to it is already bad, when distortion spikes.
@gerleimarci
@gerleimarci 2 жыл бұрын
Bruh you really used a mains transformer as an output transformer on a SE amp? Without air gap the core just went into saturation...
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
I tried flyback transformers but none worked. The amp actually sounded pretty good with the transformer I used.
@fabriziobrutti1205
@fabriziobrutti1205 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab Yes, but from what I have seen at the oscilloscope there was something clipping, probably wasn't fault of the core saturation but was fault of the primary (mains voltage) winding DC resistance...you should have put the oscilloscope on the anode of the power tube and with a variable resistance instead of a fixed value one, you should have calibrated properly the mid-point... It would have sounded ways better! Anyway, great video! Bye :)
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
@@fabriziobrutti1205 Thanks for the feedback :-)
@Pentium100MHz
@Pentium100MHz 2 жыл бұрын
As long as the transformer is big enough this should not be that big of a problem. I have used an oversized power transformer for output in a test before and it worked fine (but that was something like 250W transformer for maybe 1W output), not as good as a proper audio output transformer (it's not just the air gap, the windings on an audio output transformer are different to allow better HF response), but could be good enough. There was visible clipping in the waveform though, maybe the amp was overdriven or the bias was wrong?
@gerleimarci
@gerleimarci 2 жыл бұрын
@@Pentium100MHz Not just different core material. On a proper output transformer the windings are split into several alternating layer for better coupling. But yea, the air gap and the alloy is more important.
@AviRochester
@AviRochester 2 жыл бұрын
So so much talk about vacuum tubes but I have not seen anyone explain what speakers are needed for them. Speakers also play an important role, but we are not talking about specific models for this. Thanks for the invested and beautiful video.
@steverushforth7009
@steverushforth7009 2 жыл бұрын
Brilliant video, as per, my first job was a Saturday job at a local music store, one of my fellow Saturday workers was told to wire up 2 WEM 4 x 12 PA cabs, he did directly to the mains, it made the loudest sound and explosion I have ever witnessed. We were then all given a lecture on safety, as apparently when electric guitars first came on the scene some customers had cut off the jack plug and fitted a mains plug, "BANG"
@ReTex504
@ReTex504 2 жыл бұрын
You should definitely use an actual output transformer or at least a transformer with an air gap. This way your get way more power with way less distortion
@tubeDude48
@tubeDude48 2 жыл бұрын
All I work on is Heathkit Tube test equipment and Tube Radio's. Solid state is just not as fun!
@TheLostBijou
@TheLostBijou 2 жыл бұрын
the high voltages terrify me. How did you get started on tubes?
@tubeDude48
@tubeDude48 2 жыл бұрын
​@@TheLostBijou - When I was 9 years old in the 60's, I was repairing TV & Radio's for my neighbors. I also worked in a recording studio. Always loved electronics and grabbed every electronic magazine that I could get my hands on! In early 70's while in the Army I taught, HAM Radio, Telephone Systems, Basic Electronics & Microwave Propagation. From 1976 to 1980 I worked for Heathkit. I then got into the Network industry for 35 years designing NoveII Server's, and Cisco Routers. After retiring, in 2004, I was bored, and a light bulb came on one day, and I remembered how much I missed electronics, so I setup shop and the rest is history. I was hooked again and went back to restoring old tube gear. So now I'm 73 and love working with old tube gear once again in my 'Man Cave' !! :)
@jimmyguitar5977
@jimmyguitar5977 2 жыл бұрын
3 years waiting this video LOTS OF THANKS
@ViktorVano
@ViktorVano 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, I wanted to see the comparison of FFTs of both amps and you did that well :)
@hirusthehellhound
@hirusthehellhound 2 жыл бұрын
Try the EM-84 [or other tube] magic eye tube vu meter. That would look match with your tube amp! Edit: magic eye
@MultiWirth
@MultiWirth 2 жыл бұрын
It´s a magic band, not an eye. EM11 is an magic eye.
@hirusthehellhound
@hirusthehellhound 2 жыл бұрын
@@MultiWirth I mean- the tube with little screen in them that display either a lines/circles/fan etc and its glowing blue or green
@Swodie_Jeetin
@Swodie_Jeetin 2 жыл бұрын
Hard to tell much of a difference with an acoustic/clean tone, but hit them with enough signal to drive the power amp into clipping and it'd be night and day. Solid state tends to hard clip and produce mainly odd order harmonics that sound "harsh" or "fizzy", while the tube amp will have a more musical or "singing" overdrive due to more even order harmonic content.
@internetmarketingconsultant
@internetmarketingconsultant Жыл бұрын
This is the very reason why vt-amps with higher THD than transistorized-amps would still sound better and more pleasant to the ears.
@wh33lz
@wh33lz 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, keep them coming
@goliathsuperstar
@goliathsuperstar 2 жыл бұрын
i love this videos please keep doing them
@VladoT
@VladoT 2 жыл бұрын
You dont solder directly to the tubes because quick thermal expansion creates micro-cracks in the glass causing slow air ingress and tube degradation when used.
@pufarinu
@pufarinu 2 жыл бұрын
didnt know that. thanks for sharing
@rpbale
@rpbale 2 жыл бұрын
You didn’t cover the biasing of the tubes. That’s an important step to protect the tube and get the distortion correct.
@kbkman7742
@kbkman7742 2 жыл бұрын
Didn't cover many things. Layout being another critical item
@unboxedtravels
@unboxedtravels 2 жыл бұрын
@@kbkman7742 I totally agree ! Heater filaments wiring must be twisted and positioned in such a way that their magnetic field don't interfere with the signal. As such, perf board is really not adequate for tube amps circuitry and having components on both sides makes things even worst I imagine. But for someone who has never made a tube amp, he did pretty good nonetheless !
@kbkman7742
@kbkman7742 2 жыл бұрын
@@unboxedtravels there is so much to even a simple valve circuit.... you can spend years studying it and still not understand design nuances. To slap a little circuit like that together and suggest it's representative is profane
@jonsnow7092
@jonsnow7092 Жыл бұрын
@@kbkman7742 what do you expect from someone that confuses octal and noval sockets? it's clear that he's an absolute amateur when it comes of tube amps and does not yet grasp basic concepts. there's a reason why his "tube" amp sounds absolutely awful. (actually many many reasons, besides all you've said, appropriate speaker and lacking an adequate OT transformer are also big factors).
@LaloSalamancaGaming69
@LaloSalamancaGaming69 2 жыл бұрын
Nice one You voice is sooo relaxing
@Newmachinist
@Newmachinist 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the great videos - Much appreciated.
@JAYANTHISUDUPIRECIPES
@JAYANTHISUDUPIRECIPES 2 жыл бұрын
Hey Scott how is the weather in Germany
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Very nice :-)
@Abodino
@Abodino 2 жыл бұрын
the weather enjoy and your longboard takeSo
@naivedyasharma5821
@naivedyasharma5821 2 жыл бұрын
Which voltage regulator can i use which can handle 24v 5 amp input and can output 12 volts plz tell me 🙏
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Use a switching one. There should be tons on Ebay.
@naivedyasharma5821
@naivedyasharma5821 2 жыл бұрын
@@greatscottlab thank you very much
@vatterger
@vatterger 2 жыл бұрын
This one for example: de.aliexpress.com/item/4001038505321.html But a 12V power supply might be better when it comes to switching noise.
@jonathanallen6702
@jonathanallen6702 2 жыл бұрын
If you want multiple harmonics in music, you can shift the Q bias point of a BJT to get the desired distortion. Great video!
@amirrezasherkoshan169
@amirrezasherkoshan169 2 жыл бұрын
The reason why I love great Scott He is a GENIUS
@SurajGrewal
@SurajGrewal 2 жыл бұрын
Don't wanna use high voltage? try VFD amp. Yes, using a display like a preamp
@amd6474
@amd6474 2 жыл бұрын
is it possible?
@SurajGrewal
@SurajGrewal 2 жыл бұрын
@@amd6474 yup, and it looks beautiful too, when in use
@chintanpandya7827
@chintanpandya7827 2 жыл бұрын
Amplifier please make video Answer my chat
@harshidapandya5406
@harshidapandya5406 2 жыл бұрын
I will gona come Germany 🇩🇪 next month
@harshidapandya5406
@harshidapandya5406 2 жыл бұрын
Hope you meet scott
@harshidajagodadiya5385
@harshidajagodadiya5385 2 жыл бұрын
Ok
@chintanpandya7827
@chintanpandya7827 2 жыл бұрын
Answer my chat scoot
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
I did tons of amps videos before. Just search for "amp" on my channel. Not hard to do.
@freak-zd4wm
@freak-zd4wm 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, well explained👍 I hope the thumbnail swap helped a little bit, I watched the video twice😉 Continue doing these kinds of videos, they are really informative!
@practicalcoding8010
@practicalcoding8010 2 жыл бұрын
You are very talented !
@peerappel2012
@peerappel2012 2 жыл бұрын
the tube amp is totally clipping at 9:07
@gustavomoura2618
@gustavomoura2618 2 жыл бұрын
Personally, I hear your sample the transistor sounds more clear than the tube. Tube is as if there is a small background noise, same noise as when listening to a radio station with a weak signal
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
That is the mains voltage frequency.
@jaredknapp8886
@jaredknapp8886 2 жыл бұрын
Vielen dank furs video! Wilkommen bei Michigan.
@mk-allard3788
@mk-allard3788 2 жыл бұрын
Always a great day when GreatScott uploads.
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Enjoy!
@xofcenter5576
@xofcenter5576 2 жыл бұрын
Unless you’re a musician who simply can’t deal with one of the millions of perfectly fine VST or stomp box modeled tube-overdrive options, then you really don’t have much of an argument for a tube anything outside of aesthetic value. Maybe musicians or sound engineers who are driving an all-analog signal path for a project, or picky guitarists who want a classic stack. But most audio tube thingys sold today are of the “tube-preamp” variety, and are targeted at audiophiles (audiophools, more accurately). They’ll insist a tube-pre is necessary to pair with their equally overpriced turntable, else they’ll spoil the vinyl experience. Of course, the tube-pres work fine usually, but you could easily replace the guts with a modern high quality pre and they’d never know the difference so long as they visually see a pair of glowing glass bobbins.
@graealex
@graealex 2 жыл бұрын
People seem to pretend we're still living in the dark ages of electronics. With 24bit/192kHz AD/DA converters and powerful DSPs being a mainstream thing, one can model any ideal (and non-ideal) filter and replicate anything that analog tube electronics from the past would have produced. But as long as people buy oxygen-free copper cables, there will be a market for tube amps.
@apo_chromatic
@apo_chromatic 2 жыл бұрын
I’d have to disagree. To me, the appeal of a tube amplifier comes from the simple and easy to understand nature of how vacuum tubes work, and that you can visually see the individual parts that make it work (ie: heater, plate, grid &c.), which is something that neither software or solid-state components can achieve.
@5yotub
@5yotub 2 жыл бұрын
TLDR: everything you said in your first video holds up. Tube amps waste a lot of power, are bulkier and add distortion to the sound. Some people like distortion on their sound equipment ;)
@ranbymonkeys2384
@ranbymonkeys2384 2 жыл бұрын
They use a lot of power not waste it and it's actually a sweet sounding distortion.
@5yotub
@5yotub 2 жыл бұрын
It's heat, that's called wasted power. Distortion is distortion. As I said, some people like distortion on their sound equipment 🤷
@thevintageaudiolife
@thevintageaudiolife 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your video, just posted my recently built tube amplifier.
@vinolicam4140
@vinolicam4140 2 жыл бұрын
awesome, as always!
@ellisgl
@ellisgl 2 жыл бұрын
Tubes are great for adding "color"/"warmth" to a signal, which might desired for recording. Replication, adding "color"/"warmth", to me seems like an FU to the recording engineers effort to make the recording a certain way. Also DSP technology for emulating tube instrument amps have come a long way, and way more efficient.
@blacklion79
@blacklion79 2 жыл бұрын
Exactly my thoughts: recorded and mastered music must be reproduced as precisely as possible! If harmonics are needed for this particular music, they were added by sound engineer already, don't touch recorded and mastered music with your dirty distortions. Yes, these distortions can be good and desirable when you record your own music (think: guitar amp), but recorded music must be played as intended by authors. You don't add new chapters to published novels and you don't cut and re-edit scenes from movies. Why do you add your own sound to music?!
@jamjestkowal
@jamjestkowal 2 жыл бұрын
Your choice of output transformer is more than questionable. For single ended amplifier, like yours, you can't plug any transformer due to significant DC current flowing through primary winding, saturating the core, which results in distortion and loss of lower frequency capabilities of the amplifier. Output transformers for SE amplifiers have an air gap in their cores, which prevents the core from saturating.
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
Yep. Correct. I did not have a fitting flyback transformer though. The shown transformer however did an awesome job. I tried ordering a fitting transformer for this task but could not find one.
@marvin1432
@marvin1432 2 жыл бұрын
Rewatch 5:40 It also wouldn`t change anything about the comparison.
@jamjestkowal
@jamjestkowal 2 жыл бұрын
@@marvin1432 It would definitely change a lot, this core is saturated. Mains transformers are not designed for operation with DC current. This amplifier, judging by the FFT plot, is badly distorting and I suppose this is the main reason.
@jamjestkowal
@jamjestkowal 2 жыл бұрын
​@@greatscottlab There are output transformers always available. You can either pay a lot for a new Hammond one from Mouser or buy an used one from eBay. There is plenty of old transformers pulled from radios, they are usually designed for EL84 though, so they won't match a 6L6 (too high DC current, too high output power - core will start clipping as the first component in the whole amplifier). Also: you've omitted the negative feedback completely. One of the secondaries of output transformer should be connected to the circuit ground - I believe you've managed to do it the long way through earth connection of the scope? And lastly: Fender Champ is a guitar amp, it's... designed to distort, or at least its high distortion made it very popular among guitarists :) If you plan to ever make yet another tube amp, I would be happy to help you build it properly. If I knew earlier I would save you some costs, as a ECL86 tube is enough to build a whole amplifier - containing a triode and pentode in one envelope, capable of producing few watts, and lots of radio pulloff transformers match it. And also measure it properly, for audio measurements line input of PC is better than an oscilloscope, Rightmark Audio Analyzer will do all the measurements for you.
@stasbucik6234
@stasbucik6234 2 жыл бұрын
Keep it coming!
@paullaughton3440
@paullaughton3440 2 жыл бұрын
Great video, very informative.
@ngawch9873
@ngawch9873 2 жыл бұрын
My friend how use Tube amp with a speaker set: it better it a "real" analogue sounds. Me who use a USB head phones with a lot of features: go on
@xWonderxBreadx
@xWonderxBreadx 2 жыл бұрын
The answer is, and always has been: NEITHER Neither "sounds better" than the other. They just sound "different". "Better" is entirely subjective
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 2 жыл бұрын
True
@balint2559
@balint2559 2 жыл бұрын
Great video! As a future electronics technician and a kinda musician myself, I think it would be awsome to see you make a video about electric guitars
@Casperdroid5
@Casperdroid5 2 жыл бұрын
Rewatching the video for you Scott ;)
@SuperFredAZ
@SuperFredAZ 2 жыл бұрын
You used a power transformer for audio, this is not good. Audio transformers have air gaps to limit saturation of the iron core, limiting distortion cause by the transformer. I usually like your videos, but all you proved was that a sub-optimal tube design may not sound as good a a particular transistor design. No one can draw a reasonable conclusion from this video. All you can say is both tubes and transistors can make an audio signal stronger, which almost all of us knew beforehand.
@navneetsharma3540
@navneetsharma3540 2 жыл бұрын
Love these kind of videos based on audio devices
@sonycumiskey222
@sonycumiskey222 2 жыл бұрын
Dude. I have to say your videos are great. I've forgotten how great electronics can be. Now going to build up a new lab.
@KissAnalog
@KissAnalog 2 жыл бұрын
Great video!
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