We spoke with Event Horizon Telescope team member Dr. Feryal Ozel about the First Image of a Black Hole: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/g7Bxerqf3qyrZH0.html

Every person JMG talks to has such passion for what they do. It's inspiring.

As noted by Dr. Sutter, I think we're just missing any civilizations out there. I hear a lot of physicists look at the Kardashev scale and say that advanced civilizations would use so much energy that you would see their waste heat. But as an Engineer, especially one that spent a lot of time on power systems, I have to disagree. The more advanced you become, the more likely you are to extract the maximum amount of work out of the heat you have. We've seen that the efficiency of power plants has gone up by about 10% over the past 50 to 60 years. If we, as a pre-Kardashev 1 civilization were able to increase efficiency by that amount in a short amount of time, civilizations at K2 or K3 should be able to extract an extremely high efficiency from their power systems that their waste heat may be close to that of what we seen throughout the Universe for temperatures (around 5K), we'd never be able to spot them looking at their waste heat. I think the big problem is we are making assumptions that just aren't sensical for how to look for alien civilizations.

Loving the new channel John. Two channels and you still find time to write. Aren't we just the creative one lol.

This is one of the only channels where I legitimately become excited when ever you release a new video. Thanks for the amazing content!

How do we get this KZfaq channel to blow up? This is great content that more people should enjoy

I love it! A double header; first Isaac then this show! I’m in heaven.

Glad to see this in my feed thank you John.

Between you and Isaac Arthur I'm always looking forward to Thursdays. I pretty much agree with Dr. Sutter's opinion. The universe is so stupidly, unfathomably big that, for all we know, there could be a civilization on a neighboring galactic arm and we might never notice. I think it's too early in our development as a civilization to really get the big picture and make conjectures about what we call the Fermi Paradox. So much stuff to discuss and think about. And as always, great interview. I love how this channel is growing. Even if that means my comments will probably get buried really fast now.

Had a HS electronics teacher explaining resistors and got tired of us asking what was in it. He said this was on him and smashed one with a hammer. As we looked at the shattered pieces/dust he said, "Stop asking meaningless questions and just realize that something DOES what it does and move on or you will never get anywhere." This guest reminds me of him. We cannot fix potholes yet we want to understand "everything".

I love these long form videos. 👍

The answer to the question about what's outside of the universe as it's expanding was fascinating to hear. Essentially, using Wittgenstein's philosophy to suggest that we gain an answer by showing the question to be invalid. Asking "What is the meaning to life?" is like asking "What is the colour of the number 3?". However, some individuals actually do experience colour with numbers. With a different perspective, a seemingly nonsensical question has definite meaning. We're often told now that we're not even able to see the entire universe, only the "observable" universe...leaving quite a lot of open space for open conjecture. I think the answer has to be re-phrased as "Given our current knowledge of the universe, the question of what lies beyond has not yet resulted in an understandable perspective." In other words, it's okay to say we don't know.

Man, the production value on these videos is mind blowing. Amazing to see something this good on KZfaq. I'm hungry for more. Thank you, John!

Love the new long format. Keep em coming

another fantastic episode featuring another one of my favorite internet scholars. Extremely enjoyable, thanks and keep up the great work Sir /tips hat I also would like to add that I have personally asked Mr Sutter the expansion question and have wrestled with the concept ever since (with some success) but one thing I am sure of is that my cats' meow is mostly ginger. I am also a massive fan of the fact that the universe has an inbuilt 'fog of war', although the implications towards the simulation hypothesis are a little unsettling.

FANTASTIC INTERVIEW!! Thanks JMG and Paul Sutter it was a very inspirational and mind expanding discussion, great content. You nailed the background music in the discussion about life in the Universe ( around the 7.00 - 10:00 minute mark) my eyes were just welling up at the insignificant awesomeness of being a human consciousness in this incredible reality. (simulated or not ) :)

John, I get more out of these episodes than any of the fancy-shmancy science shows on TV, seriously. Excellent work. Thank you!!!

Good stuff, both you and Paul are very entertaining speakers.

Another channel of yours? Did not know I needed it until I had it, thank you!

This was awesome - I already want to watch again. Well done guys.

“What color is the cats meow?” Infrared

This has cured my insomnia. Thank you so much, JMG

You are such an under-rated YT creator John. I love this new channel. Excellent content. Keep it up. Word of mouth will help grow your subscriber base.

Really enjoying the new channel, some awesome interviews right out of the gate!

Such quality. I'm so freaking glad you started doing these in addition to your other videos. Your other ones are like snacks or appetizers and these are the meaty main course.

Fantastic show! Especially the last 30 minutes that answered so many question i had! Many thanks to you and Dr. Sutter, you guys made my day!

Watching these have become part of my weekly ritual. It’s definitely of the highlights!

I love documentaries like this because it makes day to day stresses seem trivial. It's a nice break.

Just found your channel. Must say, im loving it. I have been binge watching for the last few hours. Great content, keep up the good work

A wonderful conversation between two of my favorite youtubers! I love your new channel Event Horizon, JMG! Keep up the good content!

SETI was the only shot back in the 60s. I think the radio search is near pointless now that we have other avenues to try and answer this question. To be fair to seti though, much of what they do now is toward those other avenues

I am loving these John. Very well thought out with fantastic guests. Dr. Sutter is a great speaker and teacher. Thanks again.

Awesome video as always! Love the work from both you and Dr. Paul Sutter!

i really like the new channel ! keep up he good work John

In regards to the "theory of everything" (a quantum model for gravity that allows unification with the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces): The inverse square law describes all 4 forces, BUT there is still an incompatibility between gravity and the other 3. On the macro level, all 4 forces can be mathematically described with vector fields. Generalized with a spherical shaped or point source, every point in space (extending infinitely) can be depicted as a vector point away from the source radially and having a magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. Take light and gravity for example: On the macro level, the intensity of a light/gravity source drops off with the square of the distance. But the difference is that gravity is an effect of space-time curvature, whereas the light is quantized. So the intensity is decreasing *for 2 different reasons* entirely: The reason light "dims" with distance is because, as distance increases, fewer and fewer photons reach a given point in 3D space. You can think of a spherical shell surrounding the light source. While distance increases linearly, the internal area of that spherical shell increases by the square. Say an observer standing 1 meter away from a light source will recieve 1 million photons. If the observer doubles their distance to 2 meters, only 1/4 of the photons (250K) will hit them. Double the distance again (4 meters) and 1/16 of the photons (62.5K) will hit them. Double the distance once more (8 meters) and 1/64 of the photons (15.6K) will hit them. *But* the energy of each photon remains the same! While the macro-level intensity of a light source can be mathematically described as a vector field, in reality the notion of a vector with a magnitude does not apply to individual photons. But gravity is not quantized as far as we can tell. Vector math describes gravity very well on any scale; macro and micro. Many people have attempted to develop a quantum model of gravity, because they believe it would be elegant if all four forces could be based on quantum mechanics because there is potential for a complete unification theory. They have all failed because the universe is under no obligation to be elegant. Time and time again, gravity has thwarted attempts to be reliably described with quantum mechanics. The best way to describe gravity continues to be an analog substrate that can curve and deform. If gravity was really carried by a quantized particle (i.e. the "gravaton"), there is no way that it could transmit this force through the event horizon of a black hole. Spacial curvature works. All indications are that gravity is not quantized. That should be OK, but some people feel strongly that it should be merely for aesthetic. I personally think that a 2 force universe does have a certain aesthetic... kind of like a Ying/Yang type thing. You have one "force" (gravity) that governs space itself. And one "force" (strong-electro-weak) that governs all the "stuff" INSIDE space (like matter/energy).

Excellent discussion. Thank You for posting this. Absolutely love these type of talks. Great job.

So glad you put work into producing this longer channel, LOVE it ! Dr Sutter and yourself proved to be a superb discussion on complex subjects that you both enabled us to better understand. Many thanks.

I am not sure where I saw this but a scientist on a show, I think it was world science festival, said something that made me change the way I think about infinity. He said something along the lines of we will never be able to tell if something is infinite or not and infinity is a term we really should not use or ever include. The reasoning went like this, if something is infinite, by it's very nature we can never know that for sure because however far we go with it, if it is math or philosophy, any discipline , there will always be areas that we have not yet explored so we cannot determine it is infinite.

oh ya Paul Sutter,i just watched a show called in Search of with the dude that played Spok in the the star trek movies that hosts it,it’s cool how you get known guests.

What a new and refreshing way I'm learning to think from listening to this series.

This one is my favourite video on this channel to date.

Loving the topics and guests, keep up the good work JMG!

the music is just a bit too loud. but dont take it out completely, i prefer it with background noise. awesome show, you two have great chemistry. i swear the time just flew by. i cant believe the episode is over already! more! more! btw you both would have been AMAZING Art Bell guests.....

Great content

Good interview.

Nice one with well articulated good points. Just my opinion but I think the closer humans come in the search for the answer, the closer they come to asking the right question. I really enjoyed this video, thank you!

Another great production.

This was an especially fun listen, thanks much

Watching Event Horizon is the highlight of my week John. Great show and very interesting guest. I will have to pick up his book. Also may I say the music and the visuals you pick are perfect. Oh and I am getting a pet Tortoise soon I think I will name him Lithium. 😉

Awesome, new channel to binge! Also, great discussion, I was hooked through out, couldn't even play video games while listening like I do most other podcasts that don't involve Science.

Very nice interview. The rabbit trails it sent me on are so many

Read the title and had a nerdgasm. Instaclick!

I like this guy, he's one of only a handful of experts who can just say we just don't know enough to even guess. All we can do is state a theory and then try to prove it wrong.

Amazing.....mind-blowing discussion..

I wonder if the universe is some kind of lifeform or consciousness. Can we see past the trees, to see the forrest? there is a limit to what we can percieve

Woot! I want your book!!

Obviously I love the content of your channel(s), but also spending so many hours alone here, tending my critters, have also found company in the warmth of your beautiful voice and manner. Now you have added Eryn's lovely spirited cheekiness. Great! Look forward to Dr. Steve Brusatte next time, from our side of the pond

Good show John! Very interesting as always. Also super random to see my hometown Stockholm (17:25) in between videos of telescopes and astronomical phenomenon.

LOVE YOU TWO!! Great collab ♥

It’s wild when Dr. Sutter says, “within the next couple decades” we’ll have the instrumentation to detect biosignatures, and less than a half of a decade later, JWST just might make it happen.

A book about every atom in the universe that's surprisingly short' So basically a book that isn't the size of the universe it's describing? that's some amazing compression right there.

Loving this one! It's such an interesting thing to think about the universe on macro and microscopic scales.

Just subscribed thanks for what you do.

"Whoever finds the aliens gets the money." I'm putting that in my will.

This is the kind of video I’ve been looking for for awhile now.

Check time stamp 27:23- Synesthetes can see the color of a cat's meow. Paul may may want to rephrase or change the analogy.

Excellent conversation as per usual. High quality comments and info

How can the Universe not be infinite? Most people just can not grasp the idea of infinite. With that said, how can there not be life out there? Infinite life combinations in an infinite Universe. Makes more sense to me than we are alone.

great video. thanks I will only have to watch again 5 times to understand!!

if the universe is infinite, and the ways to arrange matter is finite, then there are infinite versions of the universe where I do meet my doppelganger I read Jorge Borges labyrinths in university. Every once in a while I have a moment of clarity about how much that book truly reflects the vary questions asked in this video

fascinating, loved this episode :)

I really really love this channel!

wow, best description of the Higgs mechanism I've ever heard. Kudos!!!

I would love this channel in Podcast form.

I like videos like these! So adventurous.

Terrific, very interesting interview. Thanks.

That was awesome

thank you for this work .

Awesome episode.

There are no meaningless questions Paul, what's possible changes over time.

Getting better and better

All the episodes of event horizon are excellent but this one is truly a standout. Can't believe I missed this.

very interesting!!

This is the single, most powerful KZfaq video I’ve seen 10.06.20.

This channel is amazing

26:45 The universe is expanding into some vague sense of ennui .... That's it!! that explains so much of life and existence. Thank you!!!

So, this just hit me during your opener about Einstein and gravity. With my INCREDIBLY limited knowledge of physics, is it possible gravity is just a form of radiation on the usual electromagnetic spectrum. Which could also explain why magnets work along the same way as gravity itself.

A Kelvin-Helmholtz wave (or instability) occurs when there's an interface with (high) velocity difference. Think Jupiter's hot spot. For other who wondered (at 20:00)

MIND FULLY BLOWN. THANKS SO MUCH.

This is the best space/science channel.

The music choice is amazing

Fantastic.

Love this channel!!!

Such a great discussion . Should be 100 times the viewer's.

Best channel !!! Thanks!!!

Omg I only knew Johns other channel and I found this one a few days ago.....I watched every video. It is soooo amazing to hear such great minds on one Channel. Iam from Germany and science here is a bit ,,boring“ for the most people, so I flee to Englisch Channels. I love the channels of JMG, Isaac, Scott, the Action lab guy and and and. I love how modest the big minds here are, it’s so beautiful. Keep it up 🤙

Excellent talk and thank you! One thing I wonder about when it comes to finding other intelligences out there isn't just the distance or filters, but time as well... How likely is it that we're just missing other civilizations because they seldom arise to technological prominence in different times?

Amazing guest and channel

I’m enjoying these longer episodes

"...Understanding our big messy existence." Way better than Brian Greens's "The Elegant Universe" [I love Brian Greene, it's just the universe is messy, not elegant!]