Durian is an important economic crop of Southeast Asian countries including Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Durian fruit is known by admirers as the “King of Fruit” (Subhadrabandhu and Ketsa 2001), and by others as “Heaven and Hell Fruit” (tastes like heaven, smells like hell).
Wherever you personally stand on the merit or aversion of durian, one thing is clear: there are some who really love this fruit. The common name durian is derived from the Malay word duri meaning thorn while the species name zibethinus is derived from the Italian word zibetto for the civet, a cat‐like animal with a strong musky smell.
Durian fruit is characterized by its large size, strong odor, and hard thorn‐covered husk. Ripe durian has a unique taste with a strong aroma. The aril is widely believed to act as an aphrodisiac. Eating durian fruit is simply “mind over matter” for Westerners who are unfamiliar with the smell.
Names
Scientific: Durio zibethinus
Common:
English: Durian
Indonesia: Durian
Malaysia: Durian
Tagalog: Durian
Thai: Thurian
Vietnam: Sau rieng
Mandarin: Liulian
Tamil: Durian
Khmer: Thouren
Laotian: Mahk tulieng
Burmese: Duyin
What is the average yield of a durian tree?
Peak production in Malaysia and Thailand between years 12 to 15 with average of 50 to 100 fruit per tree per year (4.5 to 12 tonnes per hectare).
What are the different types of durian?
Some of the durian varieties in the Philippines are D24, chanee, monthong, alcon fancy, arancillo, and puyat.
Temperature: Durian is native to the tropics, and needs an environment that is hot (24-32°C) and moist with 75-80% humidity. It will not grow when mean daily temperatures drop below 22°C.
Flowers: Durian flowers are strongly fragrant, 50-70 mm long and grow in stalked clusters of 1 to 45 individual flowers per cluster. These flower clusters hang from the main and smaller branches, or directly from the trunk of the tree. It takes about one month for a durian flower to develop from first appearance as a tiny bud to an open blossom.
As it matures, the outer fleshy part of the flower (the epicalyx) splits to reveal 5 united sepals and 5 petals . Durian flowers are hermaphrodites, each having a stamen and pistil in the same flower. Durian flowers show a high degree of self-incompatibility and have to be cross-pollinated with other trees to set fruit. Bats and moths are believed to be the main pollinators.
Fruit: The durian is round to oblong. The size depends on the variety . They may be g reen to greenish bronze in colour and covered with sharp spines. It contains 5 - 6 locules, each with 1 - 5 seeds embedded in a custard-like aril which is whitish-cream to orangy-yellow in colour.
Durians fall to the ground when fully ripe, usually during the cooler temperatures of the night. The durian's most distinct characteristic is its strong smell, which has been described offensively as overripe cheese, rotting fish or wet, smelly socks. Most agree that the creamy flesh has an appealing and unique taste that is difficult to describe.
Harvesting time:-
“The season begins now with the durians ripening and ready to be distributed to the traders by early next week. “It will peak in June and July.”
What are the different types of durian?
Some of the durian varieties in the Philippines are D24, chanee, monthong, alcon fancy, arancillo, and puyat.
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