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With powers almost like those of any other country, this company had the ability to declare war, imprison and execute prisoners, negotiate treaties and mint its own currency. It was the Dutch East India Company. Its aim was not to control large tracts of territory in other parts of the world, but to have a monopoly on trade. It is often considered to be the first multinational, which came to have a monopoly on Dutch trade in Asia. But since it was not always welcome where it came to trade, it often unleashed wars and massacres against the natives or against other Europeans who dominated the place of interest. It is said to have been the richest private enterprise in history. It had more than 150 merchant ships, 40 warships, 50,000 employees and its own army of 10,000 soldiers. It is also estimated that at its peak, this multinational was valued at what today would be 7.9 billion dollars. To get an idea, the most valuable company today is Apple, with 2.8 billion dollars. So the questions are: how did Holland create the largest and most powerful company in all of history, and why did it ultimately end up in bankruptcy?
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