He can talk about the benefits of the sponsors products/services as much as he wants but what sells me is the falling confetti

Linus tech tips posts a video "Bad cooling ideas" and features peltier devices. I watch the video and go "huh, wonder how these things work". Literally 5 seconds after that - notification from electroBOOM, new video :D

The fact he still has all of his fingers always amazes me.

I just thought I’d mention, TEC coolers are widely used within astrophotography for cooling camera sensors down to reduce thermal noise. It’s really common and they’re great. The main issue that’s showcased here, is the fact they cool *really* quickly, which can be a problem with icing over a sensor window.

Someone needs to give him a noble award for the invention of the wife unit

On an atomic level, temperature is created by the atomic structure vibrating. This vibration is caused by all particles in the material vibrating with electromagnetic and nuclear forces. This phenomenon is most visible when atoms slow down their "spin", or internal energy, the closer they reach absolute zero. Since there are two materials with different thermodynamic properties but similar electromagnetic properties, the electrons can be shared easily between the two materials while still maintaining two different specific heat capacities. Once an voltage is applied to the two materials the electrons can flow to the material that they are attracted to. This will cause the vibrating electrons to leave one material the void of the electrons while the other material gains the vibrating electrons. This lack of vibrating electrons is what causes the electron deficient material to drop in temperature while the electron rich material has many vibrating electrons on it increasing its temperature. This is why changing the voltage will cause the electrons to travel to the opposite material but having the same phenomenon. The difference in voltage between the two materials creates a difference between the electron density between the two materials which then causes a difference in the thermal reservoirs between the two materials. This temperature drop is what allows heat to travel across the materials and electrons do not carry any of the heat themselves.

Mehdi: clumsily spends half a day cutting holes into wood to mount heatsinks into. Also Mehdi: has 3d printer on back shelf.

My axiety goes through the roof whenever i see him handling cutting tools in an uncomfortable way. I’m about to have a heart attack

In all my years of carpentry I have NEVER seen anyone using a jigsaw while sitting

*Med holding any sharp devices* Me: This can't be good.

I did the crash course in peltier units too haha. I had a small water cooled compressor and used a 8 peltier blocks with individual fans an a aluminium block milled to carry the water through an chill it. Turned out pretty neat. I used a 15 am buck down for my supply and found the most efficient supply an it worked fabulous.

This one's for me. So the Seeback and Peltier effect works in the same way as a solar panel is like an LED. Heat is typically radiated using photons, which are emitted by any object of a certain temperature (blackbody radiation). As heat is just an amount of kinetic energy, the photons give energy to electrons, causing them to drift. The electrons, now higher energy, have a velocity. The voltage potential then counteracts this velocity, resulting in the momentum of the electron being transferred to the other conductors atoms, and the energy is absorbed by the other conductor, causing one to cool down and the other to heat up.

Your "Wife unit" explanation was amazing dude! hahahaha!

11:37 - Grinder next to the balls looks scary. Fortunately this is not liveleak

Medhi, I live in south Texas where temperatures regularly clear 110F, and our greatest threat here is not cold, but actually dying from heat. Hence we spend breathtaking amounts of money and resources down here fighting back against the tremendous heat load. Other complicating factors are that as a society we do not build our cities with any consideration for passive or natural cooling, relying purely on the electrical grid. Also, I am told by HVAC engineers, that our universal building code is only written to handle 90F to pass C of O, resulting in new buildings failing our performance requirements by 15-25F. Add to that, the compressor-run AC which is our standard weapon is incredibly inefficient, as it must take electricity to turn all its various parts and move things around that don't even produce cooling. Then there is the compounding effect, as the more compressor driven ACs we have in use in hot places, the more we concentrate the heat yet further for the entire region (and the world of course). The Peltier device is one of our great hopes in this fight, because the transformation from raw heat (which we are dying in) to electricity that can then power secondary cooling devices is so much more direct, with no moving pieces.It also has the profound advantage of taking heat (which we need less of) and producing cool (which we need more of) without a waste stream of heat being blown out of 1.5 million windows. The problem (as Robert Murray Smith pointed out), is that they are cumulatively far too expensive to be viable in any great application as they now exist. What we need is an entire second roof of Peltier, which takes the blazing heat differential (absorbing the first volley of heat of direct sun), and converting this into voltage which can then run electrical cooling devices. (more direct and with higher yield--we hope--than taking the usable light through a solar cell and processing it into electricity then used for cooling...again, with heat exhaust.) We need a FAR more cost effective solution--10'x10' Peltiers, Peltiers the size of train stations and Wal-Mart roofs and Coca Cola plants--in order to stop the cycle of heating-for-cooling we currently practice.

You have just made me realize how a cooling unit that I've been researching works, thankyou!

WOW cutting and drilling like that !? - amazing you still have all your fingers !!!

He actually has a surprisingly accurate idea of what minecraft is

Thanks Mehdi, I always wondered about those things. Now I don't have to order them from Amazon and spend a week finding out. Love your videos and effort you put into them. Please keep them coming 😁

"hey I'm a gaming channel" I gotta tell ya I laughed for an hour 🤣🤣🤣

This is my favorite gaming channel.

“it works like my wife. While her rest of her body is at boiling temperature, her feet are at absolute zero.” that made me laugh hard

This is the main reaction: p + n- > p- + n ∆h0 ∆s>0 2) p + e- + n p + n- ∆h

Thanks for this demonstration it was really informational

Linus: Thermoelectric cooling is a bad idea Electroboom: Hold my 120V AC Edit: Wow thanks for the heart!! Btw i think i found a new way of charging my phone! I can even use a wireless charging pad for maximum inefficiency!

“Safety is the no.1 priority” Mehdi: Hold my electron

I was always interested by those before thanks so much for doing this vidéo!!

Very entertaining channel and very accurate of everything I've watched so far keeps me coming back for more insight and entertainment

my wife: her body is 1 million degrees and her heart freezes electrons

That "wife unit" diagram at 0:54 had me laughing hysterically. 😂 Body >100° C Feet absolute zero.

I am working on thermoelectric generator as temperature sensor in my PhD of materials engineering... You are awesome Mr Mehdi

I live in a cold climate and I have often thought of using these in an ice shanty to power lights and devices. If one were to put the heat sinks through the wall to the outside where the temperature was below freezing and have the other side on the inside where it's heated. Perhaps even directly behind the shanty stove. It should generate a fairly decent amount of electricity without costing extra energy. What do you think?

The way I understand it is that the current through the different conductors causes electrons associated with atoms to accumulate at junctions where current passes from conductor A to conductor B, while free electrons and atoms with spaces for electrons (holes) accumulate at junctions where current passes from conductor B to conductor A. Where associated electrons accumulate, equilibrium causes the rate of dissociation of electrons from atoms to be higher than the rate of association of electrons to atoms. Since electrons absorb energy when they dissociate, there is a net absorption of energy at that junction and it becomes colder. Likewise, at junctions where free electrons and atoms that can accept electrons (holes) accumulate, electrons will associate with atoms faster than they dissociate. This releases energy, causing the junction to heat up. As electrons flow one way through the circuit, the holes "flow" the opposite way, resulting in an accumulation of both at certain junctions and a deficit of both at other junctions. I believe this is only possible when one conductor has more holes than the other and vice versa for free electrons in the other conductor (ie: conductor A is rich in holes and conductor B is rich in free electrons). This is a confusing topic, and one I don't fully understand myself. There are some great explanations on a forum by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign titled "Q & A: How can the Peltier effect work?" I hope this helps if you were curious!

He made laminar flow without knowing what laminar flow is, I'm proud of you man.

A Peltier module consists of two unique semiconductors, one n-type and one p-type, which are used because they need to have different electron densities. The alternating p and n-type semiconductor pillars are placed thermally in parallel to each other and electrically in series and then joined with a thermally conducting plate on each side, usually ceramic removing the need for a separate insulator (Jamakandi et al., 2020), when a voltage is applied to the free ends of the two semiconductors there is a flow of DC current across the junction of the semiconductors causing a temperature difference. As the electrons travels from P type material to N type material, the electrons hop to the higher energy state hence absorbing thermal energy (cold side). Then as the electrons travel from N type material to P type material, the electrons drop to the lower energy state and hence, dissipating thermal energy (hot side)to the surrounding environment. The higher is the rate of dissipation of heat, the cooler it gets inside the chamber (cold side of Peltier module) and increasing the efficiency of the cooling module proportionally (Badgujar et al., 2015).

So much appreciation for the way you diy! Man, the amount of time I've spent sawing over a garbage bin in the kitchen of my old apartment! Good stuff

"It *burn freezes!* " -ElectroBOOM late 2019

So Linus and ElectroBoom both have a thermoelectric cooling video within 24 hours.... strange. Lol

Struggled with this for 2 months, you solved it for me in 10 minutes. Thanks!

7:41 RIP Canon t4i

wow i feel so premium

I learned how to operate a jigsaw even LESS safely today! 😄😄

the explanation of (how moving electrons through a thermocouple pumps heat) is: in order to have thermocouple u should have two different material wires and they should have different numbers of electrons orbiting the nucleus at different orbits (say 3rd for wire 1 and 6th for wire 2)..and the wires are jointed at their ends when u apply heat to the junction u r actually releases different amount of electrons from both wires and due to that difference u get the voltage difference and that is what we r using to measure temperature.. But.... when u apply voltage u r forcing the electrons to flow through the thermocouple and that is causing electrons from lower energy levels orbit to oscillate at higher energy orbits and vice versa. then an electron with its own energy is now orbiting at (Say) 3rd orbit and u put him to orbit at 6th orbit with its same amount of energy, it will oscillate much slower and the opposite will happen if an electron came from 6th orbit to 3rd... now we knew that due to applying voltage we ill make some electrons oscillate faster and the other oscillate slower and that movement is what we are sensing or detecting as heat ( higher oscillation means high temp. and vice versa).. i hope that could clarify something

This stuff is really cool! (mind the pun). I've seen these things used on your skin to power small devices, like medical transmitters and such. It uses the temperature difference between your skin and air to make power, and usually to charge a capacitor to boost power output, since the voltage generated by the device is so low. Therefore, uses are minimal, but as technology improves, small devices like this might be able to power much more in the future, like watches and such.

“I am the unluckiest man alive” Electroboom: “hold my full bridge RECTIFIER”

It looks easy on screen, but doing all that is really hard and can be frustating. U don't give up and go through it. I like that👍

Very good working Sir 🙂 nice style Thanks for sharing 😊.

I love this -- great video! Can I suggest using a thermotransfer epoxy product like ArticSilver(tm) instead of thermal-paste. I think will provide better heat transfer and at the same time adhere the parts together. Also, possibly a closed-cell foam material as insulation -- styrofoam(tm) maybe. One last thing... not sure if you know but you can stack the peltier thermoelectric panels to improve their effect (get more temperature differences). Odd... your wife unit has the same problem with cold feet as mine... they sort of like human peltier devices. Scientific Solution: Place a small electric blanket on her side of the bed between upper sheet and blanket from her knees downward. Based on the Seebeck effect she should then generate high voltage... sparking, etc.

"Full fridge rectifier!" Eh? Eh? No? No one laughed?

"Such Professional, much interactive!" - ElectroBOOM!, 2019

9:32 yeah you just made a turbo-charger -- this is what they use to get maximum airflow into the engine....by creating a vortex.

Can't believe I haven't watched this video before now. ElectroBoom, I was building something similar last year, using only 1 peltier. I love your build, you incorporated a few idea's I didn't think of. But I have a suggestion, from something I noticed with my rig. Is that if the fan is to close to the table, due to I believe eddy currents, it won't blow nearly as much air. I noticed that your fan was pretty close to the table, if you raise the leg height of your rig by maybe 1 or 1-1/2 inches, I bet it the fan would better. I'm using a Cpu cooling fan, since it already had an attached heatsink, and I'm working with only 1 Peltier. I tried using a cookie sheet like you did, but I couldn't get mine to stay as flat after cutting lol. The next Idea I had for my rig, was to use a thin copper plate, since it has better thermal conductivity than the cookie sheet. Mine never got out of the prototype stage, but this video inspires me to remake it again.

Me : Finally Created a blinking led. Electroboom: Making phone charger with hot water. ._.

How long did it take for him to figure out he is running a gaming channel?

This had to be the best explain and application video of Peltier that i’ve ever seen

@ElectroBoom, This is a suggestion. Can you arrange those thermoelectric devices in series and try to achieve the absolute 0 temperature?

8:33 "The fan will blow up directly into the heatsink." well, this is electroboom, everything explodes :)

_"Health & Safety"_ is not really observed on this channel. It's why I subscribed

I love it, when he makes cool stuff while totaly ignoring safety issues. Great video!

Thanks for great explanation

You should make a generator powered by a Stirling engine

With the cold generator you created you could build a cloud chamber: a particle and cosmic ray detector.

Wow ! What an amazing, detailed, and funny lecturer ! I like you soooo much, Could you please post videos about PLCs

The reason your fan assembly didn’t result in a higher output is because you are pumping air INTO the system instead of continuing to draw the heat down away from the system. If the fan blades had been pushing hot air down, rather than cold air up into the fins, the low pressure air gaps between the fins would induct more cold air from the surrounding environment into the area where the heat is being dissipated from. This is essentially low pressure vacuum tech

Your segues into sponsorships are on par with Linus! _"Speaking of sponsorships, _*_D Brand! "_*

"Wife UNIT" I can't.. that was great lmao.

this gives me so many ideas

@Electroboom I think that the peltier effect ( cooling effect upon application of electricity) is due to the conduction bands of 2 different materials being slightly different from each other, We can try thinking it through with the example of an electron moving from a lower conduction band to a higher one. So if an electron is trying to move from 1 material to another, it will need to jump to a higher energy level, total energy is equal to kinetic + potential energy. The potential energy gained by the electron has to come from the previous material’s particles But since the inner shells should already be filled, none of them should be giving out energy by decreasing their energy level, thus only kinetic energy in loss. Meaning a very small temperature drop would be measured. This is just from what I managed to read online, I do not have much knowledge about conduction bands, but hopefully this helps :)

8:33 "the fan here will blow up" On this channel, I have no reason to doubt that statement 😉

ElectroBOOM: I wil make 16 fins for a fan by cutting a CD cover, bend it and glue it! 3D- Printer: I am a joke to you?

Thanks I love watching your videos because you make me joyful and I smile. I wish I knew you in person.

Ur video is so good , with gud experimenting . Loved the full video

Is no one else impressed with this man's jigsaw skills dude free hands a near perfect circle

He does a lot for his patreons unlike others who just milk them for money. That says a lot about the kind of person he is and his mindset. That's how you grow a loyal community. Kudos to this guy.🙏

I've watched this a dozen times.....to watch you drop stuff 😁

Very cool upload thanks for this :)

11:35 - "Hey I'm a gaming channel!" lol, except you're entertaining and educational

In material, there are two ways of conducting heat, the first is by harmonic vibration of atoms (phonon) and mostly by charge carrier (either delocalised electron or hole). the charge carrier concentration determines whether material act as insulator, semiconductor or well conductor. A conductor is bad for a thermoelectric device, why? because thermal conductivity will also be high (Wiedemann-Franz law) which makes heat source and heat sink temperature promptly homogenise. What you want is a very good electrical conductor (good charge pump) but the very bad thermal conductor. Which is a dilemma since thermal conduction also related to charge-carrier concentration and related to, well electrical conductivity. that's why at the moment, the efficiency of a thermoelectric device is quite low. And with the electrical current flow, there is irreversible Joule heating (current square*electrical resistance), that's why you observe an increase of temperature of both sides. But Seebeck coefficient of the material/device (dV/dT) makes the temperature gradient stay the same as long as the voltage maintained. Maybe, use high voltage but low current to minimise Joule heating? (of course, the refrigeration will slow down as well. The thermoelectric device performance is measured with Power Factor, but power factor could be different in different temperature, so it is compared with Figure of Merit (ZT) which takes into account Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity and the temperature where it measured. Achieving efficient thermoelectric material is difficult, it is easy to get a really bad one because it is easy to get good thermal and bad electrical conductor but not the other way around. One method is to use a Phonon Glass Electron Crystal (PGEC) concept which is by selecting a material with bad crystallinity (near amorphous, lowering phonon conduction) but a good conductor, such as clathrate materials, Zintl or material with big unit cell and many many atoms in it.

I like your acting skills

Thanks for creating this video. Everyone posts videos on why peltiers don't work to create electricity. But no one actually shows it not working. And some people post hours of commentary about what efficiency means rather than showing it.

Tech Ingredients has a great video for this device where he builds a fridge with it. Also his channel is understated

3:18 , I dont exactly know with a lot of details , just thought of sharing it. Actually whenever we talk about heat energy , it is basically a modified form of kinetic energy. For example imagine an adiabetic process with a moveable piston on the top of a cylinder containing a gas (or just normal air). If the piston is pushed inside, the temperature of the temperature of the air rises amd it becomes hotter. At the same time it is observed due to less volume available , the frequency of atoms colliding with walls of cylinder increases which increases the pressure resulting in increased speed therefore higher kinetic energy. The complete opposite happens in vice versa, piston is moved a little outwards, it cools the gas and it has less kinetic energy. Consider another example is heating any solid, atoms of solids are quite close to each other, so if we heat the solid, its atom vibrates and the oscillations contain kinetic energy. So basically heat energy is a result of kinetic energy and vice versa. In other words these both forms of energy are almost the same. So saying that electrons carry heat as they move is just another way of saying they have kinetic energy. I might be a little wrong though but as far as I remember what I studied , I just thought it might be helpful to someone. If you find anything wrong, please correct me.

Absolutely love this guy he is fantastic

I watched your videos growing up and these videos were always in my electrical engineering lectures! lol

So wait you can like make a mini water dispenser with hot AND cold? Nice.

5:10 you made my inner child giggle

That endorsement was not seen coming, but wow, did you go all in on it! Nice!

another great video :D you could use bigger heat sink to more efficiently remove the heat, and place the fan to the side of the heat sinks so it has easier job of removing the heat

10:57 PIECE OF SHEET

Indeed, the TEC peltier devices are good for cooling, and the TEG devices are good for Voltage generation when heat is applied to them (up to 4.8V with a 100°C difference between both sides). Thank you for the video! The structure you built and the materials you used are very useful info! :D

As an Electrician, this you tuber without question is my favourite!! VERY funny, and educational at the same time! Keep up the great content buddy, your videos are fantastic 👍👍👍

VERY GOOD VID. THANK YOU

Neighbour: sleeps peacefully Medhi: 7:20

Put your heatsinks in liquid nitrogen XD

I've never seen anyone perform a standup comedy about Peltier modules before... while remaining mostly seated :D Great content, but the style? Awesome B-)

Very good speech thanks 👍👍👍

I went to four years of engineering school and 3 minutes into this video, I already know more about the Peltier and Seebeck effects than they could explain. Guess that explains why we used to watch ElectroBOOM videos in class eventually 😂

when you're using the angle grinder you give me anxiety

How haven't I found this channel until today! ❤