Miroslav Filipović was born on 5 June 1915 in Jajce, today’s Bosnia-Herzegovina, then part of Austria-Hungary. From 1929 Jajce was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
In 1938 Filipović joined the Franciscan Order at Petrićevac monastery, Banja Luka, and took "Tomislav" as his religious name. On the following year he was ordained a priest.
The Second World War began on 1 September 1939 when Nazi Germany invaded Poland. When Germany’s ally Italy failed to conquer Greece in the late autumn and winter of 1940-1941, Germany became more concerned about securing its southeastern flank in the Balkans. Greece’s success in repulsing Italian forces allowed its ally, Great Britain, to establish a foothold on the European continent. To subdue Greece and move the British off the European mainland, Nazi Germany sought to bring Yugoslavia and Bulgaria into Axis alliance, which was a military coalition led by Germany, Italy and Japan.
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