Francis Bacon: A Critique

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Then & Now

Then & Now

Күн бұрын

What did Francis Bacon give us? Induction, the scientific method, experimentation, his was a theory of epistemology - a theory about knowledge.
He said that knowledge about the world comes from the senses and should be carefully and systematically collected to make use of instrumentally.
This argument will critique Bacon from two angles. First, the idols - the idea that knowledge is distorted by human cognition. Second, the idea of 'discovery', specifically the difference between discovery and creation.
The main argument will be that Bacon neglected the subjective element in epistemology.
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Пікірлер: 41
@ThenNow
@ThenNow 3 жыл бұрын
Support Then & Now: www.patreon.com/thenandnow Sign up to the newsletter: lewwaller.com/newsletter/ Follow me on Twitter: twitter.com/lewlewwaller
@sebastiaankampers6651
@sebastiaankampers6651 3 жыл бұрын
This video makes me hungry
@SometimesCompitent
@SometimesCompitent 3 жыл бұрын
Once someone told me they misheard his name as “France is bacon”
@donitademao9872
@donitademao9872 2 жыл бұрын
BWAHAHAHHAHAHAHA
@AlwaysGrowAndLearn
@AlwaysGrowAndLearn Жыл бұрын
Yes and for a number of years whenever he heard someone say “knowledge is power” he would reply “France is bacon” and the person would nod approvingly, and he never understood why
@JL-ol8zg
@JL-ol8zg 3 жыл бұрын
Might want to move that lav mic, I can hear your pharynx.
@theguywhoknowsall22
@theguywhoknowsall22 3 жыл бұрын
Great video! Very thought provoking, as I believe most people have a "default" correspondence theory of knowledge, which Bacon seems to have as well. Please do a video on William James and Pragmatism!!!
@Sunfried1
@Sunfried1 2 жыл бұрын
It's a dubious claim that emotions guide us; they obviously influence us but to say they guide requires some parsing. Reasons are scrutable and explanatory, or justificatory. Reasons offer clarity. Emotions may be blatant but their inherent subjectivity makes them much less scrutable, and their function is not to explain, merely to exclaim.
@M4ruta
@M4ruta 3 жыл бұрын
Questing: I understood your comments on the Replication Crisis in social science as being the result of people changing. Do you mean by this that it was not due to faulty methodology in the experiments (as must critics would argue)?
@SensemakingMartin
@SensemakingMartin 3 жыл бұрын
Great video, great analysis
@joel.llerena
@joel.llerena 3 жыл бұрын
Best content on KZfaq!
@Creepzza
@Creepzza 2 жыл бұрын
Great video.
@VT0412i
@VT0412i 3 жыл бұрын
Where are you from?
@hellucination9905
@hellucination9905 3 жыл бұрын
The world articulates itself through humans in the form of knowledge. The subject operates as a medium.
@gamefreak23788
@gamefreak23788 2 жыл бұрын
I agree with a lot of what you had to say here, and I disagree with some. Yes, knowledge is not entirely external to us because the set of all things in existence includes our beings. We are not just in the universe but we are the universe. However, when it comes to our inquiry of knowledge we certainly do have idols that stain our perceptions; the biases that we have from our human experiences should not be considered knowledge in themselves, but the methods that we use in an attempt to gain knowledge. For instance, say someone has the qualitative experience X, they "feel" X. If we don't have scientific ways of measuring this experience, then it cannot be universalized. However, the truth that comes from this is that "Person Y feels X", not necessarily what person Y would want to convey, that "X is a universal quality about the world". This is something that rationalists often get wrong when it comes to our empirical inquiry of the world. I think the problem about epistemology is not that we are undervaluing human experience, but that we implicitly overvalue it from complacency. We live in anthropocentric unconscious mindsets that guide us, but we cannot universalize this as a knowledge more so than a description about ourselves exclusively, not of the rest of the universe.
@user-ge6tf1qw8n
@user-ge6tf1qw8n 3 жыл бұрын
Very like the video, could I share the video to other site in China due to YB is bloced from accessing China if you don't mind. And I will attach the source of origin video site, waiting for your reply :)
@HariPrasad-uy9dj
@HariPrasad-uy9dj 2 жыл бұрын
Wittgenstein made important observations on the limitations of language and how we play language games. Having a name for something does not mean it exists. If a lion could speak it does not mean we could understand it. Language, concepts of reality, culture, religion, political ideology are the medium in which we swim like fish in water - all created and formed by human beings, of which we are rarely conscious.
@buhdahwee
@buhdahwee 3 жыл бұрын
Is there any knowledge we can attain that is not filtered through or subjected to the human experience? If we are both the observer and the observed can anything be truly objective?
@Enzaio
@Enzaio 3 жыл бұрын
I would say the claim that most humans have two eyes, is fairly objective.
@hellucination9905
@hellucination9905 3 жыл бұрын
Rather ask: Why is there a need for "objectivity" in the first place?
@IkeOkerekeNews
@IkeOkerekeNews 3 жыл бұрын
@@hellucination9905 In order to have a baseline on knowledge and agreement to which we can draw conclusions from.
@DoubleRaven00
@DoubleRaven00 Жыл бұрын
Nice video! You would be more convincing by providing examples or case studies. Scientists who have contributed by using imagination, thought experiments, etc.
@Rico-Suave_
@Rico-Suave_ 10 ай бұрын
Watched all of it
@KymHammond
@KymHammond 3 жыл бұрын
Can you open this Post Modernist point up. Interesting.
@daveherbert6215
@daveherbert6215 3 жыл бұрын
Excellent
@raycasbierd
@raycasbierd Жыл бұрын
There are also philosophers of another type who have laboured carefully and faithfully over a few experiments and have had the temerity to tease out their philosophies from them and build them up the rest they twist to fit In wonderful ways
@mohamedmilad1
@mohamedmilad1 3 жыл бұрын
Isn't that what Ibn Al Haytham stated in 11th century, he combined mathematical knowledge with physics in his books on optics
@nitinkant6704
@nitinkant6704 3 жыл бұрын
I think truth has different dimensions. Like fish can see the rays that we cannot participate that doesn't change the truth of different wavelengths in nature. Knowledge is subjective in the way it does effect everyone in different ways but it's use is objective as it fits every purpose/situation in very objective way.
@MGHOoL5
@MGHOoL5 3 жыл бұрын
When we study individuals atoms we don't recognize their potential for emerging certain molecules, there is no "Water-ness" in hydrogen or oxygen. Under a certain level of analysis, under certain concepts (i.e. narrative or determined and set context) one can say that indeed there is Water to two hydrogen and one oxygen. This jump is also the jump of physics to chemistry, to biology, to psychology, to sociology, to politics and economics. We wouldn't be able to see the potential politics of physics, even though reductively it could be said that politics originate in physics. And so, Truth, it seems, is not in individual parts, because individual parts hold potential. It is, too, not in grand-narratives, just like seeing Water as the basis of reality and as such don't recognize the identity of the parts, their role, and as such the nature of Water as well. And so, truth resides in-between the thing itself and its connection to lower parts and higher wholes. And so, it is always a matter of context that shapes reality, hence the constructivist nature of truth. Based upon the historical episteme you are living in, your society, your desires and wishes, etc. you biasedly, ignorantly, or pragmatically choose one narrative over another, one context, one concept, one level of analysis over another. This doesn't just shape how you see truth, but also the new questions you pose until a paradigm shift happens and you start "anew". Then, to make matters more convoluted, your society, culture, technology, institutions arts, history, etc. all those that shape what it means to be human are related to this historical creation of truth. And thus, not only do we construct a view of reality, but we go on subsuming such a construction into 'the nature of being a human', and as such get rooted more and more into our conception of truth. We see a sequence of this philosophy unfolding: Kant related truth to transcendental categories of the subject (stage 1 of human truth) -> Hegel regressed even further to a new logic of Being (every presupposition is Being) and so these transcendental truths became one with the Spiritualizing historical, dialectical consciousness (the rational is real and the real is rational. stage 2 of human truth) -> Heidegger focused on the currently embodied, historical, objectified being-in-the-world and its thrownness in the middle of an unfolding past and future with a task of understanding its being (why do I exist? Am I going to die? What is my past and future that explain how I'm becoming?) which leads us to recognize the inherent reality of absence in truth and how privileging presence over it is false (stage 3 of human truth)-> Postmodernism... well, human all too human. Age of ultimate immanence and death of God/meta-narratives. (Posthuman truth).
@Janaesp12
@Janaesp12 Жыл бұрын
We create and construct technology but we do not create objective truth but discover it. Even though the discovery is subjective in the sense that it involves the self in the act of discovery this doesn't make truth subjective. The terms subjective and objective are the most misunderstood in philosophy and while "subjective" can mean "pertaining to the subject" philosophy cannot be built on "subjectivism" that reality is dependent on the subject or observer. True philosophy is based on realism, but realism doesn't have to be in conflict with creation and self-expression for even those things are based on the objective truth of what it is, regardless of how people individually perceive it. If philosophy or science wasn't based on realism, then it could not lead to universal knowledge--it would only be based on subjective opinions.
@claudiosaldivia5646
@claudiosaldivia5646 6 ай бұрын
I guess this is the reason that your channel call then and now...
@Rico-Suave_
@Rico-Suave_ 25 күн бұрын
Great video, thank you very much , note to self(nts) watched 00:01
@goodtothinkwith
@goodtothinkwith Жыл бұрын
Discovery vs creation needs to be understood in the context of curiositas (curiosity) and the changing place of auctoritas (authority) in the Renaissance. The creation of entirely *new* things was sacrilege for a long time because only God was seen as having the capacity for (capax) creation.
@user-sm9mq8nj1t
@user-sm9mq8nj1t 8 ай бұрын
I think you'll find Bacon agrees with your critique, if you don't take his aphorisms out of context.
@sinisamajetic
@sinisamajetic 3 жыл бұрын
I wonder what this postmodernist will say about Trumpism? :D
@coracross7903
@coracross7903 2 жыл бұрын
Bacon has no experiential understanding, but holds presumptions and beliefs. There is no evidence of a ready-made world, with a myriad objects, outside the mind. The 'human being' exists of (mind) perceptions, thought, feelings, bodily sensations (emotion, passion). 5.07 .....'new knowledge and technology is being given to us, but that gives the impression that we as humans are inactive participants'..... 'Our' mind works from memory and cannot come up with something new. Our actions are an illusion, we are not the doer, perceiver, etc. Only on a relative level of awareness do we have a role to play, like an actor on stage. What we create is 'thought-like' as in a dream.
@bon12121
@bon12121 Жыл бұрын
Good points. Completely disagree. You have a overbearing constructionist approach. Then mention Piaget. Then post-modernism. So many criticism of this approach. Many, many people would be dismayed at this approach.
@Kaliops1
@Kaliops1 3 жыл бұрын
Thank goodness I don't care about humanity this much to try to understand it through some OCD exploration of what has come before.
@dorukdenkel
@dorukdenkel 2 жыл бұрын
You don't give any credit to emotions, idols, and culture of the maker of the camera you record the video. Neither you give any credit to the makers of the technologies used to deliver that video to a KZfaq viewer. How about electricity? Why don't you internalize the enginers' idols and feelings at the utility company? All those people simply know how to make things. What they know is objective and work when you want. How do you explain your arguments against what you actually do?
@leonsquared6509
@leonsquared6509 3 жыл бұрын
Use a different mic - all we can hear is you swallowing. It is a bit gros.
@AliTwaij
@AliTwaij 2 жыл бұрын
Hi mate. Thanks for this but I think you can greatly improve in your style. I feel you are too quickly trying to impose your understanding and become busy justifying it instead of just letting have the persons views and his justifications for his views. Please stop doing that. I think it maybe your ego trying to take control of things. So do try to keep yourself out of the presentation please. You can put your views right at the end. Remember we are interested in the person you are describing primarily and not you. I don’t mean to offend you, just to help.
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