How Cicadas Evolved to Emerge Every 17 Years

Рет қаралды 73,048

Күн бұрын

Periodical cicadas are some of the most remarkable insects because of their unusually long life cycles and synchronised emergence of adults. But how does this strategy benefit cicadas? And what selective pressures led to the evolution of periodicity?
RECOMMENDED DOCUMENTARIES/BOOKS:
BBC's Life in the Undergrowth documentary series: amzn.to/3wGsKBP
BBC's Life documentary series (episode 6): amzn.to/34iglaL
Please like, comment and subscribe if you enjoy the video!
All images and videos used herein are 1) in the public domain, 2) used under a Creative Commons license, 3) used with a license, or 4) used under the parameters of Fair Use law.
References:
Ito H, et al. Evolution of periodicity in periodical cicadas. Sci Rep 2015;5:14094.
Toivonen J & Fromhage L. Modelling the evolution of periodicity in the periodical cicadas. Evol Ecol Res 2018;19:107-125.
Toivonen J & Fromhage L. Hybridization selects for prime‐numbered life cycles in Magicicada: An individual‐based simulation model of a structured periodical cicada population. Ecol Evol 2020;10:5259-5269.
Koenig WD and Liebhold AM. Avian predation pressure as a potential driver of periodical cicada cycle length. Am Nat 2013;181:145-149.
the-gist.org/2018/04/the-curi....
www.open.edu/openlearn/nature...
Credits:
Andrew Knowlton. • Cicada molt - Time-lapse
Pen Waggener. www.flickr.com/photos/epw/253...
RJ. vimeo.com/68066498
Mad Ball. flic.kr/p/fwfnG9
名無くん. • 4K カマキリの蝉の捕食(閲覧注意‼) 昭和...
James St. John. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
tritonfx. • Video
Bernard DUPONT. flic.kr/p/VmTPjB
Michael Neal. vimeo.com/67518480
LIGHTSPAN.tv. vimeo.com/136722555
Mark Levisay. flic.kr/p/ekY9kN
Nick Harris. flic.kr/p/eGivrC
Meredith Harris. www.flickr.com/search/?text=c...
Natalia Wilson. www.flickr.com/photos/moonrat...
Katja Schulz. flic.kr/p/6ZN9gh
Mark Leivsay. flic.kr/p/ekSnUH
anoldent. flic.kr/p/4Nnwsv
#periodicalcicada #cicada #periodicity #cicadabrood

Пікірлер: 123

@margareth5501 3 жыл бұрын

Ummm...lived in Maryland all my 56 years. This is my third time experiencing Brood X. MD gets trillions of them. They’re amazingly loud! Quite a thrill to experience this nature show!

@YoyoOnTop_ 3 жыл бұрын

Hello I am nine, and all of my years here in MD, this is one of the only times they got this loud, the sound is literally oblivious to my ears.

@Glokas7 3 жыл бұрын

Fellow Marylander here, and I’ve lived in the Baltimore Area for all my 39 (Almost 40) years, and I believe this is my third time. I remember being little, probably 1986-87, then 2003-04, and now. I don’t remember it being mentioned on this video, but we experience them FULL FORCE here in MD. Baltimore and the surrounding area definitely. We get to enjoy this treat of nature and I’m in awe of it every time. This time though, we all have these little high definition computers in our pockets all the time. It’s going to really give us something to look at it and enjoy while we wait for their next arrival!

@Glokas7 3 жыл бұрын

@@YoyoOnTop_ - You’ll get to really enjoy this on your next round. You’ll no doubt be driving and using Power Tools!!! They love that. Get yourself some pictures and videos so you can look back on it!!!

@minecrafter101ish 3 жыл бұрын

If another one flies into my windshield I’m going to commit genocide

@BobSacamano666 4 ай бұрын

Ummmm

@sevenstarsofthedipper1047 23 күн бұрын

My son was born when they emerged in 1990. They came back when he turned 17. Now, they are back as he turns 34 and his son turns 6.

@LarrySwishamane 15 күн бұрын

That’s insane! That’s the last time, matter fact, the only time iHave came across one. Which explains the prolonged hiatus. I’m 38 now!

@visitjoan3158 15 күн бұрын

Some for me except I was born in October.

@maryhairy1 Ай бұрын

There are many cicadas in Africa. As kids we always referred to them as Christmas beetles as December was the hottest period of the year, until I learned otherwise. Although I knew about their long underground period, there they were shrieking there song out over December. Now I’m not sure if these species takes turns to come out as I can’t remember a single year we didn’t have them singing.

@almightykso5403 20 күн бұрын

There are thousands rn Illinois

@btknight17 3 жыл бұрын

3:57 that graphic blew my mind. Subscribed and looking forward to more

@Unraveled 3 жыл бұрын

I find them scary, actually, like taken out from a scifi or monster movie. Imagine creatures that have evolved the same mechanism and we know nothing about.

@frankenscience3802 3 жыл бұрын

Yes there’s still so much we don’t know! Also love your channel 😃

@misterjim4458 2 жыл бұрын

I'm through being amazed by how little we know about our own planet, yet we claim to be shepherds of the same. Such impertinence.

@CrispyClouds 3 жыл бұрын

Seeing brood X on trail hikes right now. Fascinating creatures, learned a lot from this. Thanks!

@dreyhawk 25 күн бұрын

Here in SC in 2024 both 13 & 17 year broods are out at the same time. First time in 221 years.

@CrysisOwnsHalo 2 күн бұрын

No. SC only had Brood XIX this year. Brood XIII is mostly a northern Illinois cicada.

@TheEves 3 жыл бұрын

Very interesting video, as usual. Best wishes, Marissa, Scotland.

@frankenscience3802 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks so much!

@maozedong5549 3 жыл бұрын

Great work, like to see more videos from you.

@user-si2nx4zl3b 16 күн бұрын

First time i saw them was 1990...and was scared. Then in 2007 i saw them at graue mill and was,amazed. Now amazed as well. Have picked them up and thoughtvhow beautiful!

@qamzatmedvedov 2 жыл бұрын

this is probably me being sleep deprived but Frankenscience sounds like another KZfaq I watch completely unrelated to nature documentaries named CoffeeHouseCrime which was definitely confusing for the first minute until I remembered what channel I was on, could also just be me being from the US but very interesting. Also another very well put together video Frankenscience I love binge watching your videos after work I’m glad I recently discovered this channel

@DOOMJESUS 3 жыл бұрын

ONE OF MY FAVORITE CREATURES. I HAVE OBSERVED AND PHOTOGRAPHED THEM ON MANY OCCASIONS. BUT I'VE ONLY EVER SEEN THE GREEN VARIETY.

@frankenscience3802 3 жыл бұрын

That’s so cool! I’d love to see a whole brood of cicadas emerging one day!

@DOOMJESUS 3 жыл бұрын

@@frankenscience3802 THE ANNUALS COME OUT ALL OVER NORTH CAROLINA. BUT ON CERTAIN YEARS THERE ARE A LOT MORE. WHEN THE TREES ARE FULL OF THEM, THE SOUND IS DEAFENING. AND YES, IT IS REALLY COOL.

@susiekidwell8435 3 жыл бұрын

I used to see green now there black and red and they don't come out every 17 they come out randomly

@DOOMJESUS 3 жыл бұрын

@@susiekidwell8435 WE HAVE ONLY GREEN ONE'S HERE. SOME SPECIES ARE SAID TO COME OUT EVERY THREE YEARS. ALTHOUGH WE HAVE THEM EVERY YEAR AROUND HERE. AND AT A CERTAIN INTERVAL WHICH I HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO MEASURE, POSSIBLY EVERY TEN OR FIFTEEN YEARS, WE HAVE AN EXTRA HUGE SWARM COME OUT. I REMEMBER IT HAPPENING SOME TIME IN THE LATE 1990'S OR EARLY 2000'S. SO WE MAY BE DUE FOR ANOTHER HUGE SWARM SOON, IDK.

@kevinarmandosiliezarmadrid3015 3 жыл бұрын

Great job!

@frankenscience3802 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks so much for the constant support! 🙏🏽 I really appreciate it!

@FreedomandRights4US Жыл бұрын

Brilliant video

@aum3.146 Жыл бұрын

Excellent channel

@jonnyringo7136 2 жыл бұрын

very interesting video

@neonspinx 4 ай бұрын

I dont get it. Why even come up to the surface to begin with? Why didnt cicadas simply evolve to stay underground their whole lives like thousands of other insects?

@dreyhawk 25 күн бұрын

They live in burrows a couple of feet underground, don't move around much, and don't communicate with each other. They need to be above ground for their final body to dry and harden and the wings to dry. Then they perform a type of courtship ritual. The males sing to attract females. The females signal with their wings if a male is approved. Those things could not be done underground. Then the eggs are laid in a spot excavated in the tree with access to nutrient rich sap that is their first food. Being exposed to air the eggs will firm up to protect the embryo. This also could not happen underground.

@turgidbanana 20 күн бұрын

They can't exactly mate underground 😂

@Inpreesme 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@RagbagMcShag 2 жыл бұрын

Really love your videos but the song at the end was a little distracting mate

@Neppy1414 17 күн бұрын

we get them every single summer in south Louisiana ❤❤❤❤ i love them

@Mibs-Mibby 3 жыл бұрын

So you’re saying that the cicadas that are out right now are older than today’s middle schoolers???

@m136dalie Жыл бұрын

Amazing

@timmydavidsmith 14 күн бұрын

I feel like we get this announcement every 3 years

@1947Rogerio 3 жыл бұрын

Hi, Although somewhat alien "creepy", this video is very beautiful. Congratulations! However, a little (perhaps silly) doubt puzzles me: In periodical cicadas there is only a SINGLE group which matures during 13 to 17 years (thus in a lifespan of 70 years we may see them just about 4 times) or there are SEVERAL groups and each one matures after 13 to 17 years, which means that every year we may see a full mature group of "periodical" cicadas flying? I will aprreciate very much your reply. Thank you.

@helioselexandros Ай бұрын

A cicada got into my house with my 2 dogs once. It flew into a celing fan and started to shreik loudly my dogs went nuts. I remember one of them knocked everything off the dining room table trying to get it. Ive never seen them that worked up before it took em a few min to get it and kill it. My wife ran into the bedroom screaming becaze it came right for her face absolute chaos😂

@Filmtvinterview 3 жыл бұрын

Another really professional video!! Great work

@abstracter8627 3 жыл бұрын

Interesting!

@frankenscience3802 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@user-cz5gk3ko6o 26 күн бұрын

I agree with U. ❤ They look really scary.

@noreengulalai6325 Ай бұрын

They live for four weeks or so on earth above the surface and thirteen or seventeen years underground in the same earth. They emerge to fulfil one of the tasks of their life, to reproduce and lay eggs besides changing their physical identity. The time period below surface is also a life, though different from that what we perceive as life.

@stuffs8802 Жыл бұрын

Fell asleep outside once, woke up covered in cicadia shells.

@blakespower 15 күн бұрын

maybe it was just the survivors maybe they had multiple broods every year for 13 and 17 years, then over time animals cut them down to a few broods and when animals arent used to a new food source they tend not to eat it unless they are really starving

@danielle935 4 ай бұрын

Very surprised you didn’t show Florida on the map since we definitely get them here. We had them about a few years ago.

@CrysisOwnsHalo 2 күн бұрын

Florida doesn't have periodical cicadas anymore as far as scientists know. The last time they had periodical cicadas was in the FL Panhandle in 1870. FL has tons & tons of annual ones though, just like the rest of the South does.

@chaser8811 17 күн бұрын

I don’t know about other states but some places in Texas put them in lollipops and other hard candies. Never tried it myself but has anyone else?

@bethmakeyousmile 3 жыл бұрын

Hi hello good day thank you for sharing this video nice content new friend here sending my full support to your channel regards keep safe and god bless from Japan 🇯🇵

@YoungMule 2 жыл бұрын

I have watched all of your videos. Incredible quality and very bingeaboe. I think you could take better advantage of your video titles tho

@annmercado4810 3 жыл бұрын

I now live in TN and I’m not looking forward to it. The video is creepily amazing.

@rhondadavis6894 2 жыл бұрын

What part of TN, I live in Knoxville. Born & bred in Nashville area.

@elijahshabazz1806 9 ай бұрын

Welp it's been 2 years later. How is it working out so far? Living in Tennessee?

@RP-mm9ie 2 жыл бұрын

Great work,

@sulaimaanahmad 19 күн бұрын

اللـه الـخـالـق 📖📚🕋🤲🏼🕌

@umustbbornagainActs2-38 9 ай бұрын

saw a bunch come out in south louisiana this year

@CrysisOwnsHalo 2 күн бұрын

Must have been the annual ones. The periodical cicadas that reside in Louisiana don't emerge until 2027 & 2028.

@princesspumpkinpanty 8 ай бұрын

Glad to see something on this earth is able to just worry about themselves.

@meteorthelad8504 3 жыл бұрын

Hit me up when the cicada's are legal

@SSNewberry 26 күн бұрын

There are 4 years cicadas in South Asia.

@ianafedotenko8757 7 күн бұрын

Cicada on your shoulder

@MsCoochi Ай бұрын

So mice and birds only mate every 2-4 years?

@almightykso5403 20 күн бұрын

Here in 2024 AND THERE HEREEEE 😭

@kaseywilliams6396 6 ай бұрын

BBC too.

@rabidkoalaz 2 жыл бұрын

Fascinating as fuck

@faded3657 4 ай бұрын

Dont the 13 and 17 year coincide this year?

@Nitephall 15 күн бұрын

How do they survive underground for so many years?

@CrysisOwnsHalo 2 күн бұрын

They feed on tree sap.

@jonathanlindsey7623 Жыл бұрын

What a privilege to be a cicada. Are they cousins to locusts?

@knightshade6232 2 жыл бұрын

They call to some highher power when its time to come out.

@rixsglh 10 ай бұрын

We get these every year in Texas

@goldpanties3016 3 жыл бұрын

They went underground to survive some extinction event and did not emerge until the ground temperature was right thats what I believe

@Bunny-ns5ni 2 жыл бұрын

It wouldn't really work that way. They would have died long before an extinction event ended

@kaseywilliams6396 6 ай бұрын

Could pass this onto the whatu ora messenger I'm getting molestered full time for whose reason to the cicisda what about my mum and daughter. 1955 is mum's date of birth.

@thompsonpowerbuilding5766 Ай бұрын

Why are they in Georgia if they aren’t native this is the loudest they’ve been in my whole life

@visitjoan3158 15 күн бұрын

Who’s here in 2024 when the 13 and 17 year cicadas co-emerge?

@null926 7 күн бұрын

Me, me! :D this theory about the period being prime numbers is awesome.

@oozbvi 3 жыл бұрын

I think when they gather up they die

@MajSolo 7 ай бұрын

Yeah I seen videos about this is they think to avoid predators. ..... they emerge like a school of fish, in a bunch. The amazing thing they live for so long for an insect so long just to achieve this. Quite interesting I say. Darwin wins .... I have not seen any video say Darwin doubled in complex things like this but maybe he did.

@comradeweismann6947 2 жыл бұрын

Comments for the Algorithm God

@nezukokamado7498 3 жыл бұрын

0:30 *TIKKI SPOTS ON*

@brianthomason5022 5 ай бұрын

Simple math (goes on to illustrate straight ricket science)

@kathryncarter6143 3 жыл бұрын

So has anyone ever actually seen a cicada underground; like through a scientific window of sorts? That would be very interesting.

@daterrorist4888 3 жыл бұрын

I do Excavation and when we dig a trench in a yard sometimes you’ll see them in the walls of a trench by the hundreds. It’s very interesting. I just found out they are here in Indiana today which led me to this video!!

@ponderin 3 жыл бұрын

So....if this video is six months old, are you saying next year, 2022, that brood 10 will emerge on ohio....so another year like this.....

@sirene7465 3 жыл бұрын

Brood X has already emerged, there will be no massive magicicada appearance in 2022

@MegaLivingIt 14 күн бұрын

Eeeeek!!

@chuckfriebe843 19 күн бұрын

This whole thing is a little misleading. I grew up in Texas so I know a thing or two about cicadas. Cicadas emerge every year. EVERY YEAR. They grow to maturity before emerging from their burrow over a 17 year period. The emergence of cicadas is not a usual event. It will happen this year and the next after that and the next after that, etc. Not so mind-blowing when you think about it. All of these videos about the 17 year emergence is nothing more than click bait.

@thatfeeble-mindedboy 2 жыл бұрын

Funny that you would use THAT word in connection with these Cicadas … Few things are failed by the standard, generally well-understood Theory of Evolution that comes anywhere near providing an explosion

@Bunny-ns5ni 2 жыл бұрын

What? I don't understand what you mean. Your wording and punctuation doesn't make sense.

@kingrat2122 Жыл бұрын

whenever I doubt the validity of evolution I remind myself that the most committed deniers are categorically dimwitted and incoherent

@latinourbano 29 күн бұрын

I mean they die after mating....I would hide underground to if I knew Ill die after loosing my virginity

@inc2000glw 27 күн бұрын

At some point it had to be other way around

@mguerramd 20 күн бұрын

Evolved? In the mind of God before He created them. “Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools” I used to be an atheist fool, but thankfully the Holy Spirit opened my eyes to truth.

@lordmarshmal_0643 19 күн бұрын

0:13 lmao L take, _that pronunciation's goin in my cringe compilation_

@aaronv251 3 жыл бұрын

Nature can be so disgusting some times.

@TAZ0300 2 жыл бұрын

I live in Boston we only get the annual cicadas thank you 🙏🏼 God thank you 🙏🏼 Jesus and baby Jesus (Ricky Bobby) 😂😂😂 If I was to experience what Maryland experiences I would stock up on food, cans of Raid, cartons of cigarettes, A big bag of weed, and I would not leave the house for a month ☝️🤨 But if I did have to leave the house for anything 🤔🤔 I would send my girl 😂😂😂😂😂😂

@kaseywilliams6396 6 ай бұрын

Michele said this is alienation Financial deprivation And I'm wanting to know what the variety bash is about to do with mum being poisoned by my dad and me and my brothers now our daughters lied too still without anyone saying a word Told there are cameras in every house hold Also no one within my work places that I know of offered any ideas ?? Two ex boyfriends I'm still friends with Mark Mitchel And Alan Ould. Don't appreciate planned stranger s blocking me out for what's mine which is the whole worth load truth strange hands lying family members I already have my own business if I choose to carry on with that clean Art.🎉 Kasey you shouldn't be blaming the cicisda like bees they come from god.

@danielpascoe9638 3 жыл бұрын

God created it this way.

@Bunny-ns5ni 2 жыл бұрын

Evidence?

@danielpascoe9638 2 жыл бұрын

@@Bunny-ns5ni It's all around you. Biodiversity doesn't come from nothing.

@Bunny-ns5ni 2 жыл бұрын

@@danielpascoe9638 no one ever said it "came from nothing". That's a lie spread by creationist, Kent Hovind.

@Bunny-ns5ni 2 жыл бұрын

@@danielpascoe9638 also, we know for a fact that life didn't come from a special creation event. We have verifiable evidence to support life appearing naturally, and showing that all organisms in the modern age share a single common ancestor. You know what we have absolutely no evidence for? A god

@kaseywilliams6396 6 ай бұрын

Everyone keeps saying Kasey and Raymond nice little white African voice male Were good they're stealing and claiming our worth pestering.

@Newbomb_Turks_Punch Ай бұрын

They sound best popping under a shoe!

@billyjesus5442 7 ай бұрын

lots of pseudo science in this one.

@kathryncarter6143 3 жыл бұрын

Sometimes God has a really strange sense of creation.

@misterjim4458 2 жыл бұрын

Which God?

@begpard 2 жыл бұрын

@@misterjim4458 take your pick of any made up god

@Bunny-ns5ni 2 жыл бұрын

Or maybe, just maybe, god didn't create anything at all, life formed naturally, and evolved over billions. Which has more evidence? God doesn't compare to actual reality. It's man made mythology.