The Hall voltage in a semiconductor will be measured in the magnetic field of a large electromagnet. The Hall coefficient obtained may be used to determine the density of the charge carriers, and may be combined with the measured resistivity to determine the mobility of these carriers. Also, the algebraic sign of the majority carriers may be determined from the directions of the magnetic field and the conventional current, and the polarity of the Hall voltage.
We have repeatedly stated that the mobile charges in conventional conducting materials are negatively charged (they are, in fact, electrons). Is there any direct experimental evidence that this is true? Actually, there is. We can use a phenomenon called the Hall effect to determine whether the mobile charges in a given conductor are positively or negatively charged. Let us investigate this effect.
Apparatus:
Commercial setup with the following components:
1. Electromagnet with power supply
2. Electromagnet Power Supply
3. Hall probe, Semiconductor sample
4. Gauss Probe
5. Gauss & Hall supply with Current/voltmeter
6. Stand for Probe
7. Connecting Wires
Objective:
To study Hall effect in extrinsic semiconducting samples and determine the type and density of majority charge carriers. This experiment demonstrates the effect of Lorentz force.