Haskalah: The Modern Shift That Divided Judaism | The Jewish Story

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Haskalah: The Modern Shift That Divided Judaism | The Jewish Story | Unpacked

Рет қаралды 33,484

Күн бұрын

As the Age of Enlightenment spread across Europe, 18th-century Jews still faced persecution and were banned from assimilating into modern civilization. A young Jewish German philosopher named Moses Mendelssohn sought to bring modernity to the Jews and secure their place in society.
Nicknamed “The German Socrates”, Moses Mendelssohn spent his life focused on the modernization of European Jews. Though largely successful, this Jewish enlightenment-”haskalah”- created a rift that radically shifted modern Judaism.
As an observant Jew, Mendehlssohn’s vision of haskalah still held traditional practices of Judaism as an integral part of Jewish life. However, the movement’s followers - the Maskilim - gradually disengaged from Jewish traditions, with some even converting to Christianity.
While Moses Mendelssohn’s effort to assimilate Jews brought them to the forefront of modern society, European antisemitism persisted, eventually leading to the tragedies of the Holocaust.
Chapters
00:00 Intro
00:24 Jews in the Enlightenment Period
01:05 Moses Mendelssohn, The German Socrates
02:03 Efforts to reverse Antisemitism via cultural integration
03:03 Discouraging Yiddish
03:13 Translation of Torah into German
03:23 Petition against Jewish expulsions
03:33 Jewish emancipation
03:43 Separation of Church and State
03:55 The Maskilim and assimilation
04:23 Radical changes to Jewish life and rituals
04:44 German resentment and Antisemitism
05:06 Conversion to Christianity
05:36 Outro
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Executive Producers:
- Melinda Goldrich
- Shmuel Katz
Gold Level:
- Goldrich Family Foundation
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Image and footage credits:
- Chrstphre/Flickr
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About The Jewish Story: Understand three thousand years of Jewish history in these short videos based on the book Letters to Auntie Fori: The 5,000-Year History of the Jewish People and Their Faith by the renowned historian Sir Martin Gilbert. Learn the Jewish story from the ancient Israelites of the Bible to Hellenization, the Jews of the Middle Ages to modern day, and more.
About Unpacked: We provide nuanced insights by unpacking all things Jewish. People are complex and complicated - yet we’re constantly being pushed to oversimplify our world. At Unpacked we know that being complex makes us more interesting. Because of this, we break the world down with nuance and insight to drive your curiosity and challenge your thinking.
#haskalah #MosesMendelssohn #enlightenment

Пікірлер: 109

@Hsdias 2 жыл бұрын

Assimilation is not the way to end antisemitism, history proves it. Nice video

@carlosmartinez6227 2 жыл бұрын

Plus why should good people have to change? Assimilation though force and hate is wrong. Mixing though free choice is the way

@bearhug7335 Жыл бұрын

@@carlosmartinez6227 Everyone thinks they're the good people. Don't they? If people choose to go live somewhere that does not share your morals values traditions and spiritual beliefs, WHY would you choose to go live there? To change them? To join them? To enrich them? To criticize them? To confuse them? To impose on them? To guilt them? To shame them? To use them? To cheat them? To judge them? To expose them? To profit from them? Why should you expect/demand to do any of theses things to them!? How about you just stay away from them, they don't need you. You only make life worse for them in the long run. That's what history proves. Love is all they need.

@izzyposen2092 2 жыл бұрын

Summarising Mendlsohn's work as fighting against antisemitism is very ahistorical. His most important legacy is obviously bringing enlightenment ideas inwards to the Jewish community.

@peterchung2262 2 жыл бұрын

It's crazy how much the enlightenment lifted the common people with liberty/freedom yet views on Jews did not change that much.

@minotter 2 жыл бұрын

sadly enlightenment was mostly a top-down movement. common people basically stayed superstitious, xenophobic and antisemitic.

@intellectualshepherdsclub6708 2 жыл бұрын

Wonder why, maybe it's because they didn't change their ways, the J's I mean.

@sebastienloyer9471 Жыл бұрын

2 different cast of Jews. 1 torra book 1 Talmud book ( the corrupt ones).

@slawekwojtowicz Жыл бұрын

You are talking about primitive Western Europeans. Jews had freedom in the Kingdom of Poland since the early Middle Ages. A thousand years of a Jewish Golden Age. Only partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth led to resumption of abuses against Jews. Russia did not even allow Jews within its borders, until they conquered the PLC.

@bearhug7335 Жыл бұрын

@@slawekwojtowicz The sadistic communistic Bolshevics who took over and terrified Russians in early 1900s and led to death of 60 million Russians in the Gulag were Jewish. Why isn't this common knowledge and why should we forget or cover up what the Js did? People don't like other peoples for no good reason. Liking or not liking Js doesn't make you a made up insult, like antisemitic, which is designated to be dehumanizing. That's not nice. It makes you an independent thinker and reasoner, exactly what we need a lot more of.

@mottyk8491 2 жыл бұрын

I guess history proved him wrong, no wonder the great rabbis of the day are remembered (their books and teaching are still studied in Yeshiva today) and Mendelssohn is something of the past (except amongst orthodox jews who remember his mistake and try not to repeat them) I bet before this clip most jews watching this never heard of him, yet every yeshiva boy knows exactly who he was and the haskala

@minifest6969 2 жыл бұрын

Orthodox Jews were always anti-Haskalah.

@mottyk8491 2 жыл бұрын

@@minifest6969 for this very reason ... nothing good came out of it .... just assimilation

@levi-ym3jv 2 жыл бұрын

Who are you talking about?

@insaanietihad-MSB 2 жыл бұрын

Great video and I love the fact Unpacked bring little personal details in these videos. Knowing his four children converted into Christianity made me personally sad.

@user-tr2yg3jw5l Жыл бұрын

He was friend with Jacob Frank in shabbatean death occult

@donovanlocust1106 Жыл бұрын

@@user-tr2yg3jw5l we get it. You hate Jews.

@FireCat34 10 ай бұрын

@user-tr2yg3jw5l that not true Moses Mendelssohn never meet Jacob Frank also was close to Rabbi Tzvi Ashkenazi who was very anti-Sabbateans.

@chnsm 2 жыл бұрын

so the maskilim are the start of the reform judaism? its kind of a sad start bc they lost them selves inorder to integrate, its also explain why alot of them dont like israel and feel no conection to the land, bc they literly cut thier conections and stoped longing to thier homeland

@Hsdias 2 жыл бұрын

That's exactly their problem

@adrianblake8876 2 жыл бұрын

The maskilim were also the start of secular judaism, and in return, the zionist movement...

@Hsdias 2 жыл бұрын

@@adrianblake8876 the one good thing to come from them

@cxarhomell5867 2 жыл бұрын

@@adrianblake8876 Secular Judaism existed well before the maskilim. It started in the Netherlands with Baruch Spinoza. It is a very long topic to read and understand, but the basics are that he began a time of Biblical criticism and led to the growing secularism of Judaism within Europe, starting in the Seventeen Provinces.

@cxarhomell5867 2 жыл бұрын

@@Hsdias Sadly, yes.

@arielschant9841 2 жыл бұрын

Say WHAT about Yiddish language?! 🥴 Yeah no, there’s no language with a “weak” or “strong” grammar, and no language is better suited for intellectuality than others. Besides that absolute craziness of a statement, the rest of the video is very interesting and well done! I like your channel!

@petershim9512 2 жыл бұрын

i think there are languages that better suites to elaborate complicated concepts than others. for example german is better than ancient egyptian language, or chinese mandarin at coining new terms for new things

@arielschant9841 2 жыл бұрын

@@petershim9512 Wrong. Languages don’t convey meaning in a better or worse manner, but in a different manner relative to the language of the speaker. Ancient Egyptian is not worse than German, it’s only outdated because it’s a dead language… but it was perfectly capable to describe exact calculation of geography, engineering, or the cosmos

@arielschant9841 2 жыл бұрын

@Thumbtack Mike Languages don’t structure the way you think, but they put you in predetermined paths in order to describe reality using their rules. Yiddish is and was a normal language like all others and it has been used for virtually any topic from theatre to academy, from religious commentary to philosophy. That idea that Yiddish would be less than German was coated in Germanic nationalism, the same one that ended up almost eradicating the entire Yiddish speaking population from Europe not long after…

@izzyposen2092 2 жыл бұрын

@@arielschant9841 as a native chassidic-Yiddish speaker I'd have to agree with Peter. It's not that chassidic Yiddish is inherently less capable of secular intellectual thought - it certainly is, from millennia of intense Talmud study. But at the moment there simply isn't a chassidic-Yiddish vocabulary to talk about economics, philosophy etc. I imagine it would've been very much the same for Mendlsohn.

@arielschant9841 2 жыл бұрын

@@izzyposen2092 You cannot agree with him because this is not an opinion, languages are not capable or incapable of being used for intellectuality because of their grammar. Period. Yiddish is a rich language used to describe anything, not only in a day to day life, for centuries by millions of people, and is no less than German. I don’t know if you’re a linguist but you can’t think a living language can have a grammar not suited for intellectuals(?). It doesn’t even make sense… And if you speak about vocabulary, any language can stretch or increase its vocabulary to fit its needs. I’m a PhD too, I’m not talking just to talk 😅 it just really doesn’t make sense. If that was true modern Hebrew wouldn’t exist today. And let’s also remind everyone that actually Yiddish was about to be the State official language of Israel, and people said the same things you’re saying, but about Hebrew.

@saulweinberg5250 2 жыл бұрын

Great video! And crucial point in Jewish history!

@sebastienloyer9471 Жыл бұрын

That video is so bias and it lacks a lot of great information. And truths.

@ChalfantMT Жыл бұрын

The story doesn’t end there.

@carlosmartinez6227 2 жыл бұрын

Also didnt know that about Voltaire. Talk about believing absurdities

@CherryRhubarb00 10 ай бұрын

His story really moves me, even though I don’t agree with all of his ideas

@adamgonzalez9650 7 ай бұрын

Enlightened jewish ideas ending in conversion away from judaism a sad ending

@dobbersanchez1185 2 жыл бұрын

This sounds vague and propagandistic

@majorian4897 Жыл бұрын

60% ADL propaganda

@Chuck-mp1ji 2 жыл бұрын

Why is it all about Mendelson ?

@144Donn 2 жыл бұрын

Wow!

@turnmeondeadman4221 Жыл бұрын

1:06 the song 😂 “My name is Patrick Bateman I’m 27 years old “

@Buugzy Жыл бұрын

I went from DBD to this…

@carlosmartinez6227 2 жыл бұрын

Cover Solomon Bibo the only white man to lead a indian nation. The Messiah of the mesa

@raymondharris5366 2 жыл бұрын

stunning

@stevemor165 2 жыл бұрын

Why did Moses Mendelssohn have to translate the Torah to German when Martin Luther had translated the Old testament to German in 1534?

@emmanueljiju3838 2 жыл бұрын

christian translations are not authorative in judaism

@yesm2302 Жыл бұрын

It wasn’t just a translation it was an in depth but concise scholarly commentary. Otherwise the Jews would have ignored it. They didn’t require translations of something every boy was, and still is taught starting from the age of three.

@danik8850 Жыл бұрын

Because a translation is always an interpretation too. This said, the translation by Luther is influenced by Luther as a christian and therefore suited for christians, while the translation of Mendelssohn is made by a jew for jews.

@Flypotato9 Жыл бұрын

I saw a pentagram, imma headout.

@user-tr2yg3jw5l Жыл бұрын

Sabbathean death occult He was the leader and Rothschild friend This video is full of lies

@user-tr2yg3jw5l Жыл бұрын

What minute is the pantagram

@naps_878 2 ай бұрын

@@user-tr2yg3jw5l what even is this anti-semitic yappage

@MessiahYHWH 2 жыл бұрын

According to prophecy, every knee will bow to the Jewish Messiah and recognize Jerusalem as the World Capitol. Then the world will see peace.

@willlovehavelove4703 2 жыл бұрын

Why is there anti colonial Yidds white semitism ? Because, there was first and still is anti Black semitism : reference i.e. Kingdom of Judah 1747 West Africa Map the enslavement of the Jews i.e. the so called negros . Second - the colonial white yidd rejection of the USA- Human Genome Project) which indicates the direct descendants of Shem Ham Japheth of only Blacks i.e.the parental triad Fathers and Mothers with the oldest mtDNA on earth, furthermore indicating that none are colonial white skin european caucasian Yidds..Thrid - the colonial Yidd's rejection Moses's God given Fifth Commandment “Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee” (Ex. 20:12).

@paulawallace8784 2 жыл бұрын

BLASPHEMY! Scripture tells that EVERY KNEE SHALL KNEEL AND EVERY TONGUE SHALL SWEAR TO THE CREATOR AND HIM ALONE!

@paulawallace8784 2 жыл бұрын

"ASSEMBLE AND COME...YOU SURVIVORS OF THE NATIONS; THOSE WHO CARRY THEIR GRAVEN WOODEN IMAGE AND PRAY TO GOD WHO DOES NOT SAVE...TURN TO ME AND BE SAVED, ALL THE ENDS OF THE EARTH, FOR I AM GD AND BESIDES ME THERE IS NO OTHER...TO ME SHALL EVERY KNEE KNEEL, EVERY TONGUE SHALL SWEAR" Yeshayahu - Isaiah - Chapter 45: 20Assemble and come, approach together, you survivors of the nations; those who carry their graven wooden image and pray to a god who does not save, do not know. כהִקָּֽבְצ֥וּ וָבֹ֛אוּ הִתְנַגְּשׁ֥וּ יַחְדָּ֖ו פְּלִיטֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֑ם לֹ֣א יָֽדְע֗וּ הַנֹּֽשְׂאִים֙ אֶת־עֵ֣ץ פִּסְלָ֔ם וּמִתְפַּלְּלִ֔ים אֶל־אֵ֖ל לֹ֥א יוֹשִֽׁיעַ: 21Declare and present, let them even take counsel together; who announced this from before, [who] declared it from then? Is it not I, the Lord, and there are no other gods besides Me, a just and saving God there is not besides Me. כאהַגִּ֣ידוּ וְהַגִּ֔ישׁוּ אַ֥ף יִוָּֽעֲצ֖וּ יַחְדָּ֑ו מִ֣י הִשְׁמִיעַ֩ זֹ֨את מִקֶּ֜דֶם מֵאָ֣ז הִגִּידָ֗הּ הֲל֨וֹא אֲנִ֚י יְהֹוָה֙ וְאֵֽין־ע֚וֹד אֱלֹהִים֙ מִבַּלְעָדַ֔י אֵל־צַדִּ֣יק וּמוֹשִׁ֔יעַ אַ֖יִן זֽוּלָתִֽי: 22Turn to Me and be saved, all the ends of the earth, for I am God, and there is no other. כבפְּנֽוּ־אֵלַ֥י וְהִוָּֽשְׁע֖וּ כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ כִּ֥י אֲנִי־אֵ֖ל וְאֵ֥ין עֽוֹד: 23By Myself I swore, righteousness emanated from My mouth, a word, and it shall not be retracted, that to Me shall every knee kneel, every tongue shall swear." כגבִּ֣י נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי יָצָ֨א מִפִּ֧י צְדָקָ֛ה דָּבָ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יָשׁ֑וּב כִּי־לִי֙ תִּכְרַ֣ע כָּל־בֶּ֔רֶךְ תִּשָּׁבַ֖ע כָּל־לָשֽׁוֹן:

@tehufn Жыл бұрын

Which one? Tovia Singer proves over and over than there is no such prophecy.

@collinsfriend1 Жыл бұрын

WEll if that happened it won't be because of the racist state of Israel. They're no better than people who persecuted them before, especially voting in people who are racists and manifest destiny minded.