Thank you so much, we'll keep trying our best.

This is a pretty bad explanation of the entire thing "but the animation looks cool"... It will definitely help to understand how sound waves work before trying to understand how this gets mechanically encoded onto the disk. Basically the movement of the groove under the needle (working in combination with the mass of the sound box) forces the diaphragm to move in and out at the throat of the horn. This sends pulses of air pressure down the horn (which amplifies their volume by allowing them to couple to the room air more efficiently). These pulses moving in the air are what your ears pick up as sound, and are (in theory anyway lol) a representation of what was originally recorded on the disk. Recording is the inverse process, on a machine called a recording lathe, that cuts a spiral groove in the disk that "wiggles" according to sounds coming from a device that isn't all that much different than the playback equipment. If you look at a record under a microscope, you can see these wiggling patterns in the grooves; these are the sound waves. Sound is funneled in, where it hits a diaphragm and forces the cutting needle to move with a likeness to the sound. Yes, this took very large horns and specially designed rooms to catch enough sound energy to record with. And they needed to be *loud*. This is why records from this era sound so "forced" - they had to be. The "more modern" LP uses a similar idea even, only everything is handled electronically... the needle in a record player is similar to a microphone and the recording version is a specialized type of "speaker". So in a nutshell, "the sound comes out just like it went in". Stereo recording is a modification of this process that causes the stylus to vibrate both up and down and side to side in such a way that they are largely independent of each other, allowing 2 channels of audio to be recorded in the same groove. How this is done is beyond the scope of a KZfaq comment but it is encoded in such a way that mono turntables automagically mix the 2 channels together so that the contents of both can be heard. The audio isn't simply recorded vertically and horizontally in the groove... it is a type of "matrix" that manipulates the stereo needle correctly without cutting one channel out of monaural playback. Instead of using the entire groove for 1 signal, each of the 2 angled walls of the same groove has one channel embossed in them. Hopefully I haven't just completely confused you further... it's an interesting scheme, and a similar philosophy/methodology was later used for FM stereo as well as color TV. There's more to all of this than ever met the eye at the time 😊

​@@MadScientist267 Thanks for this comment definitely helped understand the way sound waves travel like through a diaphragm microphone it just duplicates it. I think I understand now and it's pretty cool how these work because it's the same idea as the automatic transmission with gear reductions and "brake pads".

@@noahwithee7376 Yes, just like in your ear, the diaphragm moves in proportion to the sound wave's pressures, and the coil attached to it moving in a magnetic field (in the case of a dynamic mic) translates this into an electrical signal that represents that vibration. At the speaker, the reverse happens, and a coil receives an electrical signal, interacts with the magnet, makes the cone move, and if all went well, this recreates the air pressure vibrations that the microphone heard during recording. The waves enter your ear, make the eardrum vibrate, and you hear the original sound.

Thank you for your advice and info.

sorry about my wrong use of vinyl and shellac terms, all my attention kind of went into the working principles. Thank you for watching.

sorry about using the wrong terms.. but the working principles are the same.. thank you for your comment.

thank you so much..

They still make gramophones, and the ones currently being produced do in fact play vinyl records.

please tell us which part that you don't understand.