Man, Shad liked my comment before I even finished watching the video... though that may just be because my laptop froze halfway through...

Nonsense. While castles need machicolations, machicolations don't need castles. All machicolations need are walls and the blood of attackers.

"For the last time, I did not order two hundred machiculations!" "Well pal, you could have told me that before I set 'em up."

Thanawin Ungkananuchat Don't worry. The VIKINGS will take care of them.

"What are you supposed to do without castles? Carry the machicolations around?"

Friends of Dewey, Shaftem, and Howe.

Now THAT'S a Good Idea 💪💪

@@PickleRick65 Yes it is actually he should try a video like this even though it’s a little old

AGREED

Castles were invented for self-defence. Many also doubled as palaces or even entire capital cities.

You read the seven books of the national Treasure Colleen MacCoulough ????? If the Roman republic.....if you are interested ...best historical books ever !!!!!

It starts with Gaius Marius...who was married to Julia, aunt if Gaius Julius Caesar...and goes through Sulla Cornelius...to Ceasars,Campaign in Gaul..ends with Octavianus, who was the adopted son of Julius...and the end of Antonius / Cleopatra.....Cato, Cisero, Bibulous, Brutus, who was at one time promised with Julia, daugther of Ceasar... Pompeius.....etc. Riveting !!!!

GlowstickOfDestiny Only if you are french

your mother was a hamster and your father stank of elderberries!

@@danconrad920 Do elderberries stink though?

@@Likexner Some do

*WITH MACHICOLATIONS*

I feel like Shad is tooting his own horn a little bit, there. The design on the shirt looks exactly like the main Keep from Shad's Honor Guard.

@@jacksonlynch1731 not exactly but its similar

True well possibly plaster depending on the region as cement, gypsum, lime etc wasn't necessarily readily available. Of course it's possible to make alternatives using various combinations of mud, clay, sand, animal dung and whatever other sticky materials that dry hard you have to hand in your local area and your budget I guess.

*nods* Often they used clay which they would whitewash in the same way a wattle and daub house.

Chalk, which is plentiful in England, is a form of Gypsum.

Heartgear One WRONG!!!!! The Saxon Kingdoms built their palaces and Ministers of stone. We even have a few surviving examples still standing too! Don't forget that England was "on par" with the rest of Europe in the 1000's and was even freer because there were more feeholders than lords with serfs. Look it up.

They had to enter a elven made canal that leads trough an high rock hill and exits into a deadly forest full of colossal monsters. To avoid the insta-kill monsters they had to use the shadow plane. The elvan civilization that made this was long destroyed so the terrible darkness pulled most of tier structures int the plane of shadow. To get into that part they had to enter the first gate that sat flush against the rocky hill. This spot was deserted and the original portcullises were rusted away. they passed on through, under the murder holes and made their way part the no longer reinforced doors to rest in the fortification until nightfall. There they were shifted into the plane of shadow. The went back down to find that in their new plane that the portcullis was actually nearly new. but there was no sign of travel. The adventurers traveled down the underground canal until they noticed some figures up ahead. The ranger scouted and found that they were zombies and one had a rope tied to its neck. The rope led up to a metal hoop and continued along the ceiling into the darkness. They decided to move forward and attack the zombies. The corpses noticed the adventurers and moved to engage as well. The zombie with a rope moved until the rope stopped him. Each time he pulled on the rope to try to get to his prey a feint bell could be heard in the distance. The adventurers decided to shoot an arrow at the rope (rolled a natural 20) and cut the rope free of the zombie. The rope zipped up and away for a moment before a large clang could be heard in the distance. The adventurers killed the zombies and moved on. They passed a upturned chair and a desk on their way. Up ahead they saw dim light glowing through 2 portcullises. The ranger managed to sneak up and see the skeletons and armored undead beyond the bars. The adventurers saw no other way but brute force to lift the heavy iron gate. The group ran forward and tried to tank the arrow fire from the handful of skeletons on the other side. One PC noticed the murder holes between the gates. the cleric used channel energy to try to kill the undead that might be standing above. The others lifted the gate. They finally managed to lift it up as they were slammed with magic missiles from an enemy wizard. Inside the first death trap they continued to bear the assault while they lifted the gate. Unfortunately for them more skeleton archers had moved into the murder hole room above and rained down on them. With much effort and a lot of cure spells they got past the second portcullis. Now they were in the second death trap. The room they were in had another two portcullises guarding the exit path for the canal. on both sides was an open stair case (that was greased) that lead up to reinforced doors. The floor above them was a wall of arrow loops that surrounded them. There was no cover for the adventurers accept the canal path through the center( that would normally be filled with water, The swashbuckler charged the one door to try to pick the lock and the cleric tried to smash open the other. The ranger stayed in the middle and fired at the skeletons on the other side. Arrows and magic missiles rained on them. The ranger ended up falling just as the swashbuckler got through the door. The cleric made use of spiritual weapon as he tried to keep the ranger alive, who at this point became the sole target of the skeletons. Once inside the swashbuckler slaughtered everyone up above. They made their way to the roof to find that they were on the other side of the hill. (this hill is just under mountain size btw) surrounding them was a massive forest of shadow trees that towered like redwoods around them The rest of the canal was elevated like an aqueduct that stretch for miles into the forest. I can't wait for them to get to the other fortifications along the way. What will be waiting inside, he he he.

That sounds like a pretty interesting campaign.

The moral? Bring a tough-as-nails dorf well armored and educated in fortifications so he can make the proper knowledge rolls! :P XD

1/2 CR skeletons being a serious threat to level 6 adventurers? That's definitely some serious force multiplication going on there.

Great question, I can't answer it definitively, though the largest castle in the world by surface area is Malbork Castle, I just don't know if there were any cities this small, though portchester castle had a small walled community next to it that might have been considered a city (the definition seems to be if a town had a city charter of some kind) and that looks to be smaller than malbork.

St Davids is pretty tiny. It is a city with a population of less than 2000 even today- smallest city in the UK.

I thought the smallest city was Wells? Wait a sec... Just Googled it. Turns out Wells is the 4th smallest. I WAS LIED TO THIS WHOLE TIME.

FYI : www.marienburg.pl/files/beztytuu_167.jpg The part right of High Castle is actually a city, located on Kulm Law in 1276. 2-in-1. Also Greetings From Malbork :D

maybe the fortified places in America left by the Spanish like Havana or Cartagena, i know Cartagena still has the original district with the walls still standing today, although not medieval it's still a walled city within a city

Thanks so much mate, this video was a hard one to condense and make so your appreciation is truly gratifying.

Yeah I can only imagine given the amount of information and structure of the video. The complement is nothing if not well-deserved so no thanks are necessary mate, I'm just glad you appreciated my comment! :)

I'm thinking much larger than the Guedelon Castle. I think they were onto something there, and they definitely deserve credit for taking the risks first.

Well if you are going to call it Castle Shad, you should probably build it in Austrailia or New Zealand.

I follow the development since my childhood :P Always great to hear from them.

But murica is the world though.

This is my life long goal ^_^ but it would be built in Australia, I'm literally making several designs that go up in complexity and price, the first being made out of wood, that if I ever get the land of course.

Makes sense ^_^

Intentional Bes hahaha

Thanks heaps for the correction ^_^

Of course. No problem :)

I dont think this apply's to the late empire. Rome had made a lot of laws against mutilating your own body so your unable to fight in the army, whitch means the army was a very unpopular job. Rome of that time had a lot of trouble recruiting new soldiers becouse they were all killing each other in the civil wars between the emperor(s) and people that tried to become emperor.

Johnny Part of the problem in the late Empire was that rich patrician familiies were comtrolling all the farms of families who couldn't provide a Legionaire because the previous owner had died serving in t6he Legion. That meant that there were fewer and fewer Roman landholders to actually serve. Since you couldn't join the Legion if you couldn't buy your own basic gear the Empire couldn't field enoug Legions to protect the Empire. Thus beginning of the end of the Roman Empire. Check out www.dancarlin.com/hardcore-history-series/ for some excellent story telling about the Roman Empire and other periods in history.

Also dchhaddendum.libsyn.com/rome-through-duncans-eyes

Trithis So you're saying that Shad went back in time and invented castles so that he could put up his machicolations?

then that means he fiddled with time! and we all know what happens if we fiddle with time! we won't know what time it is and we''d be late for work or school.

THE MEMES WILL NEVER DIE! ^_^

Think of Rome as being like the US before a zombie outbreak, and the Medieval period as being like the US during/after a zombie outbreak.

Well back then having a legion in your town would probably be inviting trouble, since legions were expensive to maintain, while the legionaries themselves weren’t exactly content with their pay, so they could make some extra cash by extorting city people and local nobles

And the photos. The ring forts are great! I would pay to "camp" in one those places. I'll bring the mead!

Ha ha, lol yes well there is that pesky time difference. It's Wednesday here in Australia.

Shadiversity I thought it might be. Nice early start to the day!

Now I will Google the MATICULATIONS mod for Skyrim:D

Depending on the size of the dragon it actually be all that bad of an idea. If you had dragons the size of the ones in the Temeraire series where you had actual crews of several people on their backs machicolations would allow for more ground attack options from a safe height.

Yay a heart! This is better than when my Dad told me he was not completely disappointed in me!! /s

How interesting! Citation though?

well, no historian said all of this at the same time (though also because most historians care very little for medieval italy, which is a shame), but if you want some answers I have a series of good books on medieval italy by an italian historian Indro Montanelli: Dark ages italy (pre year 1000 A.D.) www.amazon.it/LItalia-dei-secoli-Montanelli-Gervaso/dp/B00GY1NVV4/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1511444633&sr=8-2&keywords=l%27italia+dei+secoli+bui Italy of the communes (circa 1000-1200 A.D) www.amazon.it/LItalia-dei-Comuni-MONTANELLI-GERVASO/dp/B003MR1SKY/ref=sr_1_6?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1511444666&sr=1-6 Italy of dante (1200-1300 A.D.) www.ibs.it/dante-suo-secolo-libro-indro-montanelli/e/9788817003209 Also most italian history books for schools tell of this, and if you go on vacation in the south and on the coast they'll tell you this.

morrish and berber raiders i believe, in fact there was a sort of guerilla war all the time there

Vikings went all over europe tho. Even eastern europe. Arabia and fought for byzants

Andrei Skobtsov If I remember right, the word "castle" comes from Spanish (or Castilan specifically?) and originally refered to the style of fortress built by the Moors after they took over. Not sure if they were already building castle-like fortresses when they got there or if they just put their own spin on a European design.

Built a tiny little 1 bedroom Castle in the middle of a city, even on the hardest difficulty that little thing smoked zombies! They didn't have a chance against the power of MACHICOLATIONS!!! 😁

Don't forget the spike moat of death! No zombie defense base is complete without the spike moat of death.!

Throttle Kitty I swear I see your comments everywhere, and on the most random unrelated videos.

Maybe we just have similar tastes! XD

Very true!

Shadiversity Thank you fine sir, I loved the video though and I will always expect amazing videos from you. Please have an amazing day Shad.

The raiders in Eastern Europe weren't Muslim by that time. Mongols were pretty much shamanistic until the 13th century, Turks until the 8th century. And the Teutonic Knights on their Eastern Crusades were off course Christians all throughout.

And in southern Germany/Austria the threat were the magyars/hungarians

also in italy: both arabs and magyars, though it actually turned out better for us in the long term

That is amazingly funny nice one

Srithor , thanks for catching that! I mean that sincerely. I try to make sure that the grammar and spelling of my posts are in order before I elect to send; however, this one escaped.

Architecture does play an important difference and when a castle serves as a residence that also generally means it's owned by an individual, not the state, organisation, or the military, though there are exceptions.

300K air force personal just had their dreams of living in a castle crushed.

Well, ist doesn't have enough protective abilities, of you had some giant underground bunker that is heavily defended, you could call it an castle I think:D

nope it's a fort not a castle

Modern mlitary bases are not particularly fortified, in the case of Army bases name Fort X, it's just part of the Army's naming convention and they are not actually fortified by anything more than a chain link fence, or maybe a cinder block wall in some places. The closest thing that comes to a castle these days would be one of those large FOBs that the US and allies operate in places like Afghanistan, but even they aren't meant to be permanent residences and any civilians living there are generally government contractors and their to do a job.

(Feeling all the silvertoughs staring to type their comments -- no, I am not a furry. Even though nick and profile picture may be a bit... misleading.)

You forgot they're refreshing the same 10-15 WW2 stories every two years. Stalingrad, the battle for Berlin, V day ....

Thank you for the like Shad! And yeah TheBigBang69 that's right too, they love beating WW2 into the ground. I guess because they have to have SOME actual history on their channel and WW2 is the easiest to cover, since stock footage actually exists so less work for the show staff.

Well, yes, but the Pax Romana refers specifically to Emperor August's reign since during that time Rome didn't fight any wars, not defensive nor conquests