How Did Early Earth Get The Ingredients for Life?

Рет қаралды 19,083

Күн бұрын

We still don't know how life started on Earth. But in order to do so, Earth had to have all the building blocks for life, such as organic molecules. How could they get to Earth? Looking for a solution to this problem with Dr Richard Anslow.
🎙️ More interviews:
Finding exoplanets via magnetospheres: • Detecting Earth-Size E...
Direct imaging of exoplanets: kzfaq.infoaMPz1pSeDyo?...
📜 Can comets deliver prebiotic molecules to rocky exoplanets?
royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
👉 Dr Richard Anslow's website
richard17a.github.io/
🦄 Support us on Patreon:
/ universetoday
📚 Suggest books in the book club:
/ universe-today-book-club
00:00 Intro
01:19 Why the mystery?
05:32 Traditional ideas
09:52 Comets
16:18 Delivery mechanism
21:17 Why not on Earth
25:12 How often can comets come in
31:13 What evidence can we have
33:23 Current obsessions
39:26 Final thoughts and more interviews
📰 EMAIL NEWSLETTER
Read by 60,000 people every Friday. Written by Fraser. No ads.
Subscribe for Free: universetoday.com/newsletter
🎧 PODCASTS
Universe Today: universetoday.fireside.fm/
Astronomy Cast: www.astronomycast.com/
🤳 OTHER SOCIAL MEDIA
Mastodon: astrodon.social/@fcain
Twitter: / fcain
Twitter: / universetoday
Facebook: / universetoday
Instagram: / universetoday
📩 CONTACT FRASER
frasercain@gmail.com
⚖️ LICENSE
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
You are free to use my work for any purpose you like, just mention me as the source and link back to this video.

Пікірлер: 78

@czerskip 7 ай бұрын

It's easy to recognize a real scientist by how much they point out the things they don't know 🙃 Thank you for another great interview! 💚

@bozo5632 7 ай бұрын

And by how often they begin sentences with the word "so."

@richardaitkenhead 7 ай бұрын

@bozo5632 that's them giving themselves time to think of an explanation for us morons lol

@davidelliott5843 7 ай бұрын

At least he didn’t say “such that” the annoying link incessantly used by engineers.

@czerskip 7 ай бұрын

I feel both commenters completely missed the point I made: the humility of scientists and honesty when making any statements.

@tydewalt5425 7 ай бұрын

Am I the only one that has an existential crisis when actually thinking about the size of the Observable Universe, the distances involved and how you can look 'Back in time' because it's so far away the light is only reaching us now, and have a brain meltdown when considering that what I'm viewing could be COMPLETELY different to what is actually there now? Fuck I love Cosmology. And Universe Today. Thanks for all the great informational content, Fraser! Glad I found your Channel (and your website after that).

@johndoepker7126 7 ай бұрын

You always got the good questions that i havent even thought about for your guests....its an absolute pleasure to watch these interviews!!!! Please,if you could, send a bid thank you to Mr. Anslow....I learned quite a bit, and also wonder about our world....a lil bit more now....🤟

@austinsapp5867 7 ай бұрын

All I can think about now are LEGOs dropping down from the sky. We need a Christmas comet to deliver a bunch of LEGO sets to us! ❄☃

@richardaitkenhead 7 ай бұрын

Great interview ❤

@frasercain 7 ай бұрын

Thanks!

@sorrow_Sam 7 ай бұрын

Very interesting 🤔💭 Thank you for the video!

@cavetroll666 7 ай бұрын

Cheers thanks for the video.

@bbbenj 6 ай бұрын

Really interesting, thanks 👍

@martinsz441 7 ай бұрын

Dear Fraser, long time fan of your channel. I remember that you were asking for more questions so let me ask the one that somehow came to my mind last night: If for photons time doesn't 'exist' and passes 'instantaneously', what happens to those photons that travel through ever expanding space but never reach a destination due to the ever expanding nature of it? What I mean is that if all time that ever will be passes in an instance for the photon, 'where' will the photon be at the 'end' of the universe or time, since for the photon that infinitely far away distance future is already happening 'right now'? Or in other words: 'How does the "end of time" looks like from the perspective of a photon?'

@petevenuti7355 7 ай бұрын

It may be nothing, it would just be asymptotically redshifted till nothing left exists to absorb it... But hears the thing that bends my brain, If there is no time for it, then it's beginning and end are connected, it's end is predefined at the time it's emitted! Is it predestination? Or only for things connected by the photon? Entangled? Brain bending.

@hervigdewilde3599 7 ай бұрын

@@petevenuti7355 Definitely wildly anthropomorphic, but I think the "time doesn't pass for a photon" thing is like it just steps thro' a doorway/wormhole/whatever & reaches its "destination" in zero time - but it doesn't "know" where it'll end up, so it's a big "surprise" for the photon if it does hit something. If however the Universe has expanded so much that there's nothing left to interact with, then it'll be in that doorway/wormhole "forever"... 😗 :woo-o-o: . Either that or something clever with the word "quantum" in it... 😃

@petevenuti7355 7 ай бұрын

@@hervigdewilde3599 hard to be anthropomorphic when talking zero time, everything is defined by some action, without passage of time there is no interaction to give anything meaning. The photon IS the mechanism of interaction over time , it doesn't have time itself.

@royparrish2515 6 ай бұрын

Even though the simple proteins that are in these bodies are being torn apart during the impact events, they have STILL brought the elements to the ground and in the process of "cooling" from the impact event, some of them can still reform back to some forms of the original proteins (will be a low probability, but with a lot in that one event, plus what was already on the ground, a low probability still has some form). Plus, may of the 'Organic processes' require high heat or high pressures to allow them to form (or both) and even though the basics are brought to the ground, that doesn't mean that they didn't contribute to the formation of life, might even have been required...

@Flowmystic 7 ай бұрын

Heck yeah! Just what I needed.

@kylemelinkovich8675 7 ай бұрын

I never hear much about our 4 nearest Red Dwarf neighbors, Wolf, Barnard's, Groombridge and Ross 248. Have we exhausted all the interesting information from these 4 neighbors? And has JWS looked at them yet?

@kylemelinkovich8675 7 ай бұрын

Love the show. Someone suggested this channel to me recently and this has quickly taken the place of some of my other space news channels. Keep up the great work

@davidh9380 6 ай бұрын

Not sure if this was the video where you mentioned that the moon was slowing the Earth's rotation, but it caused me to ponder the following: Once the Earth becomes gravitationally locked to the moon, can terrestrial life exist? Given that days will become roughly a month long, will weather become essentially static, ending rainfall? Will any location become too hot or cold for life to exist? Will the magnetic field diminish or cease, such that we lose our radiation protection? Or is it a silly question, and the sun will have consumed us by the time we become locked?

@bozo5632 7 ай бұрын

Isn't the solar wind mostly hydrogen? Doesn't the Earth capture lots of it? Wouldn't that explain, or partly explain, the water? Couldn't the organic stuff on Earth have been formed by life or other chemistry on Earth?

@triskeliand 7 ай бұрын

Imagine if an entire civilisation pooled together to figure out how they could slow down an escaped colony ship that had maxQd. They knew that it could take more than 1000 years to reach the technology level to be able to slow down the errant colony ship and bring them back to earth? A planet wide generations long quest to bring home a colony of astronauts. love it

@mickmacy6161 7 ай бұрын

You ROCK!, bruh. (if I tried to write something 'smart' you'd see right through it.) So, really, it's Gawd flicking a booger. Time and energy. Wish I had more of each.

@johndoepker7126 7 ай бұрын

Wow......jus wow.....I laughed way to hard at your comment......then I stopped.....the thought of being the product of a "higher beings" snot rocket......🤔

@darthjarwood7943 7 ай бұрын

Happy Holidays to you and the team. By the way what happened to the asteroid sample returned by Osiris Rex? When i search for an update its all 2 months ago.

@frasercain 7 ай бұрын

Unfortunately, NASA's been having a tough time getting the samples out "gently". The screws that hold the contain together welded themselves in space. They figured out how to get most of it out, but there's still a little remaining.

@johndoepker7126 7 ай бұрын

@@frasercain one reason why that one time a soyuz capsule couldn't close its hatch.....got "cold welded". So were the screws, on OsirisRex not tested for this, if so, and passed, this must mean the material sciences needs to return to the drawing board to make an alloy that WILL survive the long trips in space....would be a fascinating topic for an interview with a materials scientist.....🤟

@frasercain 6 ай бұрын

I got this from someone who heard a speech by the OSIRIS-REx Principal Investigator. I might have a scoop. :-)

@alanwardrop9575 6 ай бұрын

Was Earth an early or a late bloomer? Knowing Earth's constituent elements and how they must have formed, with the estimate of how long ago life began on earth, could bounds be placed on the earliest time for Earth-like planets to form through to life beginning on Earth? Could this feed into the Drake equation?

@MPcustomized 6 ай бұрын

Great interview, now watch the 12th planet and you now it all ;-)

@Andy__A 7 ай бұрын

Thanks for the video! What about the planetary material that didn't become any planet (or remnants of proto-planets in the snowy zone) - could it be still hanging around at the time and partly get to the early Earth (e.g., also with the help of Jupiter's gravitation pull)?

@dayhaysuper3639 6 ай бұрын

They became one of the following : 1. Asteroids 2. Kuiper Belt Objects 3. Comets (Oort cloud material) 4. Interplanetary dust / micrometeroids 5. Particulates pushed by solar radiation pressure winds

@davidrobine5350 7 ай бұрын

I know this isn’t the point of this video, but I think the entire concept of the collision between earth and another planet producing the moon is very interesting. I can’t wait until our telescope technology is sufficiently advanced that we can directly image planets. When we can do that, almost certainly we will find one or more of these collisions happening in real time, somewhere in our galaxy, and we can watch it proceed. Maybe that’s still a couple of generations away, call it twenty to forty years, and I will probably be gone, but it still is something I long to see.

@EinsteinsHair 6 ай бұрын

A couple of months ago a paper by Matthew Kenworthy and others suggested a planetary collision had been detected. They saw sudden dimming of a young star. A search of archived WISE mission IR data showed that a thermal brightening had previously been detected. They concluded the heating was the collision of two large planets, the current dimming was a cloud of debris left over. No one has pictures. They hope to get time on JWST.

@ShinnySilver 7 ай бұрын

What are the differences between meteors, astroids, and comets?

@bozo5632 7 ай бұрын

It's terminology. A comet is an asteroid with enough ice to make a visible tail when it passes close enough to the sun to get warmed up. A meteor is an asteroid that enters the atmosphere. A meteorite is a meteor that landed. But they're all the same objects, just under different circumstances.

@ShinnySilver 7 ай бұрын

Thanks for the quick and precise explanation. @@bozo5632

@antifajesus 7 ай бұрын

I wish my personal Library looked like the one behind that professor😊

@matikaevur6299 7 ай бұрын

It's boring .. you need red and green spines also .. adds variety :)

@richardaitkenhead 7 ай бұрын

I wish we would give up on red dwarf having life.

@callumbush1 7 ай бұрын

We may never know.

@MrRdb9109 7 ай бұрын

If venus at one time had an ocean that evaporated off, could earth's gravity have pulled it to earth?

@sentientflower7891 7 ай бұрын

No.

@Smo1k 6 ай бұрын

Venus isn't likely to ever have had liquid water. A planet is probably even hotter than Venus, when formed, so Venus has likely never had a sufficiently lower temperature than it does now. And with all the sulphur present, at this temperature sulphuric acid is more likely to form.

@triskeliand 7 ай бұрын

A comet schooner, just kickin' past the inner sOl To pick up a scoOp or two of goOd Old O2. Tally hO and on we Go. But may as well jetisOn Our sky pOo?

@doncarlodivargas5497 7 ай бұрын

Is "volatile" chemicals gently delivered to earth today? Something tells me yes? Perhaps not as much anymore, but still? So, are life also created today? Something tells me no? But, if life should spontaneously be created today, would we notice?

@MountainFisher 7 ай бұрын

"if life should spontaneously be created today" Key word is created, by natural processes? Do you know when the first life on Earth was found in the fossil record? 3.5 billion years ago in Australia, the stromatolite bed formed by a prokaryote cyanobacteria that was photosynthetic. Spontaneous formation of life is an unknown assumption based on the unknown philosophy of materialism about an unknown natural process never observed. To form a protein you need 20 essential amino acids all left-handed (Hydrogen atom on the left side of the molecule) out of approx. 80 different amino acids and those 20 lh amino acids must hook together 200 times in the proper order with a quantum left spinning electron doing the hooking. All that to form a simple protein and there is no known process to do that. We cannot do that in a laboratory. We cannot form Insulin without a living organism (Google it) and there are many compounds that we cannot make, but living systems do. Life was engineered and you can argue who the Engineer is-was, but life didn't form by natural processes by itself.

@doncarlodivargas5497 7 ай бұрын

@@MountainFisher - but still, here we are, and anyone able to explain will be showered in Nobel prizes, so you go ahead explain My point was more, processes going on for billion of years ago, could perhaps happen today also, or, perhaps not, for some reason? That is something I would have found interesting to have elaborated

@MountainFisher 7 ай бұрын

@@doncarlodivargas5497 My point was creating processes never went on by natural processes, but were engineered and you can observe that engineering in every living cell. If the Universe was eternal (it isn't) and full of nothing except left handed amino acids they would _never_ form into a properly folded protein because the information and an agent to apply the information must exist and in a materialist Universe it doesn't.

@MountainFisher 7 ай бұрын

@@doncarlodivargas5497 I don't know who deleted my comment. No one will ever get a Nobel Prize for explaining how materialistic processes created Life. Simply because the simplest 200 amino acid long folded protein could never form without being engineered by DNA and DNA has proteins in its makeup. We cannot make one simple protein, we cannot make even insulin without manipulating a living organism to do it for us. Google synthesizing insulin. You might be surprised at how many compounds only come from life. A DNA reading machine is only possible because it has many compounds we get from Life.

@richardaitkenhead 7 ай бұрын

It would of only took 1 out of a million hits for the right stuff to survive its basically proven we are here ? we have the same dna we all came from either 1 pond or vent or lots but it happened

@FantasticForce23 7 ай бұрын

Its wild the way carbon can add things!!! Its quite possible life in the universe died off long ago, billions of years ago. Or the universe could easily by populated and we wont see it till we have the tech.

@ggraemeffrance5434 6 ай бұрын

Stuff just keeps getting weirder

@larryyoderlarryyoder353 6 ай бұрын

And God said " let the Earth bring forth every kind of animal-- cattle and reptiles and wildlife of every kind" and so it was !

@trs8947 6 ай бұрын

Have we tried to make something in a jar that confirms our theories?

@triskeliand 7 ай бұрын

A cometary HCN bootstrap?

@triskeliand 7 ай бұрын

Hmmm, how could you make a planet mOre goldilocks?

@TheGhungFu 7 ай бұрын

Not Panspermia. Panorgana?

@skhotzim_bacon 7 ай бұрын

In going to take a wild guess and say it's from an exploding star

@JackSmith-kp2vs 7 ай бұрын

And God said let there be bio yoghurt, and thus life found a way

@FantasticForce23 7 ай бұрын

Honestly God or aliens is at the top of my list. If we evolved how did humans go from no writing to rockets in 10000years!

@Life_42 7 ай бұрын

Forty-two minute long video! 42 !

@nicholjackson8388 7 ай бұрын

Hit will a trillion comets, a bucket of water.

@doncarlodivargas5497 7 ай бұрын

Perhaps there is regions in the galaxy with molecules that are the basis for life and earth are going trough that region on our way around the galaxy, where we are showered in those chemicals, perhaps that even create evolution of life, somehow?

@FantasticForce23 7 ай бұрын

I think carbon itself is able to create life. Now how we formed is odd. Humans dont even seen to belong.

@doncarlodivargas5497 7 ай бұрын

@@FantasticForce23 - yes, ok, but here they discuss comets and meteors moving to earth, perhaps earth is moving to areas with those chemicals they are talking about, that was my point, less violent