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In this video you can see whole life cycle of saffron agriculture How it's Made: Saffron - Saffron Agriculture Process Step by Step and Saffron Factory Processing. So, keep watching till the end And enjoy the Saffron farming and Saffron factory processing Technology.full cultivation process of saffron.
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Saffron (pronounced /ˈsæfrən/ or /ˈsæfrɒn/) is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the "saffron crocus. saffron originated in Iran.
Kashmiri saffron is the rarest and the most expensive form of saffron available in the world. The reason for this is its limited production of just over 2000 kgs, which is very less as compared to other producers of saffron.
Saffron comes from the saffron crocus bulb (Crocus sativus), which is an autumn blooming crocus. The spice is actually the red stigmas of this crocus flower. Each flower will only produce three stigmas and each saffron crocus bulb will only produce one flower
Total world production of saffron is around 300 tons per year. Iran, India, Spain and Greece are the major saffron producing countries with Iran occupying the maximum area and contributing about 88% of world's saffron production
The total area under saffron cultivation in J&K is 3715 ha with production and productivity of 16 MT and 3.0 - 4.0 kg/ha, respectively. Saffron in J&K is primarily cultivated 86% saffron farming system in heritage site of Pampore over 3200 hectares.
Important points for Saffron farming
Soil & Climate
The plant Crocus Sativus thrives in the soil which is calcareous(rich in sodium carbohydrate) and is well-drained and rich in humus. It can also grow in dry or semi-dry soil provided it is well-drained. The ph of the soil should be between 6 and 8. It can be grown in areas with 35-40 degrees celsius in summer to -15m to - 20-degree celsius in the winter. It requires dry temperature for maximum yield.
Land Preparation
It is advised to plough the land twice to bring it to a fine tilth. The beds should be loose and airy for the plants to be planted firmly. The best time for plantation is considered between July to August. The flower starts to appear in October while the flower fully blossoms in the winter seasons.
Plantation
The soil should be dug and a pit should be made of depth 15 cm, the distance between the pits should be between 10-12 cm. The plants are planted into the pits and then are covered with soil. Irrigation should only be provided during an extended spell of a dry period and should be avoided otherwise.
Grubbing
It refers to the process in which saffron plants are completely detached from the mother corns and are stored for the next season. Saffron corn is generally fit for growing saffron for 4-5 years and therefore grubbing should be done accordingly.
Harvesting Saffron
The saffron bloom occurs during October-November and the flowers should be plucked before the wilting of the petals. The plucking should always be done at dawn to extract the highest quality of saffron.
Drying Saffron
A very important process as the leaves are dried and the saffron is extracted. The process is delicate as the temperature should be between 55-60 degrees Celcius/the process aims to dry the threads but not to over-dry it. After the process,
Marketing of Saffron
The marketing for saffron is easy as compared to other spices due to its various uses. It can be used in various industries like medicine, alcohol, dairy and tobacco. We have to keep in mind that long unbroken thread fetch more money and the final revenue generated also depends on the drying process.