How we study the microbes living in your gut

How we study the microbes living in your gut | Dan Knights

Рет қаралды 71,746

6 жыл бұрын

There are about a hundred trillion microbes living inside your gut -- protecting you from infection, aiding digestion and regulating your immune system. As our bodies have adapted to life in modern society, we've started to lose some of our normal microbes; at the same time, diseases linked to a loss of diversity in microbiome are skyrocketing in developed nations. Computational microbiologist Dan Knights shares some intriguing discoveries about the differences in the microbiomes of people in developing countries compared to the US, and how they might affect our health. Learn more about the world of microbes living inside you -- and the work being done to create tools to restore and replenish them.
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Пікірлер: 129

@johnnyb5534 5 жыл бұрын

It's not just diet. Antibiotics are prescribed at basically the maximum possible level which destroys your entire microbiome. We grow monocrops rather than rotating crops, which means the soil becomes devoid of nutrients and becomes like a desert. We spray everything with glyphosate and other pesticides, which is water soluble so it's everywhere. It's on the food we eat. We even breathe it in when it rains. This chemical can disrupt the extremely delicate 1 cell thick lining of your gut. It creates a permeability in the lining of your digestive tract and allows microorganisms that would normally be blocked out by your gut lining to enter your body. When this happens, your immune system gets alerted and you get chronic inflammation. I think this is just the beginning of what I think is one of the biggest issues facing society right now.

@realdealteal111 Жыл бұрын

Hey Dan, love your series on exploring the microbiome its really helped me work on my thesis. I doubt you'll read this but if you do just know you helped this silly little graduate student understand Chagas disease ever slightly better than we did before.

@megdoyle47 5 жыл бұрын

I love that everyone is getting into gut health now!! So beneficial for overall knowledge of health

@thanglaka9543 5 жыл бұрын

take probiotics yoghurt daily

@megdoyle47 5 жыл бұрын

Thang Laka Kefir is actually a better daily probiotic than yogurts

@thanglaka9543 5 жыл бұрын

true, all about enriching gut flora

@JJ-kl7eq 5 жыл бұрын

Dan studied football field microbes in college. Then he got drafted and is now playing in the Pro Biotic League.

@tdreamgmail 5 жыл бұрын

Badum-tsch!

@rubensvx 5 жыл бұрын

Very nice! It's very interesting.

@LouisOnEarth 5 жыл бұрын

Hypothesis: if you investigate the microbiome of Italians in Sardinia (or vegetarians) you’ll find a healthy diverse microbiome. The USA is in grave danger with a large part of the population being overfed yet undernourished. (It affect the ability to think clearly...)

@Sam-ep3jo 5 жыл бұрын

nutritionfacts.org/video/whats-your-gut-microbiome-enterotype/

@manubhatt3 5 жыл бұрын

That is why most of the front end breakthrough research happens in the USA.

@LouisOnEarth 5 жыл бұрын

Abhay Bhatt - researchers who publish break through findings aren’t the average American (and quite often immigrants from all over the world). Researchers who publish break through findings are usually the sports equivalent of Olympic competitors and top experts in their field.

@manubhatt3 5 жыл бұрын

Louis Slabbert I agree but I am not denying other countries from having their top people and to have them do their work. If their are top people in USA, so are in other countries. Still, most research happens in USA - this says a lot. Top people in any group, says a lot about the group itself.

@MrDami123 5 жыл бұрын

Very very important topic!

@rexregalis 5 жыл бұрын

Watching him talk about gut biomes is beautiful. And so is he. 😁

@tritran8787 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks

@valentia1752 5 жыл бұрын

Very interesting.

@Adiudicium-1776 5 жыл бұрын

Mind-blowing!

@CassandraBankson 5 жыл бұрын

*No lie, gut microbes were huge when it come to controlling my acne.*

@AJ-xm4xc 5 жыл бұрын

Cassandra Bankson I just subscribed to your videos. Really interesting! I would never have thought about gut microbes relating to acne.

@juligrlee556 5 жыл бұрын

This information about gut research is so very promising. Wouldn't it be nice if we had optimal financial sourcing to make sure this research was optimized.

@MajkaSrajka 5 жыл бұрын

I'm picturing the heck out of these rainforests in my gut.

@doblerollo7952 5 жыл бұрын

You can change the predominance of your microbiome from bacteroides to prevotella in just a couple weeks eating a whole foods, plant based diet.

@doblerollo7952 5 жыл бұрын

L A David, C F Maurice, R N Carmody, D B Gootenberg, J E Button, B E Wolfe, A V Ling, A S Devlin, Y Varma, M A Fischbach, S B Biddinger, R J Dutton, P J Turnbaugh. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014 Jan 23;505(7484):559-63.

@JeanPierreWhite 5 жыл бұрын

@Doble Rolio So you can change. What's the right biome? Knowing how to change your biome doesn't mean much if you end up with just another dysfunction. As Yogi Berra said, if you don't know where you are going, you'll end up someplace else.

@doblerollo7952 5 жыл бұрын

Jean-Pierre White what I extract from the literature I have read about this topic is that the right microbiome is the one that predominates in people that live the longest and healthiest, such as the Californian adventists and traditional Okinawans and Sardinians. What I think that you're trying to do here is sow some doubt so you can keep going with your detrimental health choices, which might be fine for you, but not for those who seek for a truly healthy lifestyle.

@doblerollo7952 5 жыл бұрын

Jean-Pierre White Also, you have to know very little about bacterial strains and their relationship with our enterocytes to understand that the more fiber fermenting they are, the more butyrate and propionate they produce, and these compounds are truly crucial for our health and the lack of them is related to many diseases such as diabetes and autoimmune disease.

@JeanPierreWhite 5 жыл бұрын

@Doble Rollo. The TED speaker did a good job of presenting the problems associated with a poor biome. Did you notice he did not provide the antidote or solution? The reason is because we don't know what the answer is. Yet. Seek better health and diet all you like, but you are simply rolling the dice and may attribute improvement to your biome due to what you believe is the right diet, but it maybe the exercise you get that's helping. All we can do is avoid what is clearly harmful to us, like sugar and highly processed foods. We don't know enough to optimize our biome. It would not surprise me if we learn the optimal biome is determined by our DNA and is different for each person. One mans biome is another mans poison. So far my detrimental health choices have resulted in me having great bloodwork each year.

@00F 3 жыл бұрын

Hey look, the World Champion of 2003 for the 3x3x3 cube!

@LaGataSolar 5 жыл бұрын

Interesting. should of been longer!!

@sunriselg 4 жыл бұрын

Hey, that's the Rubik's cube world champion of 2003!

@altuntasfth 5 жыл бұрын

Türkçe çeviri için teşekkürler Zeynep ve Figen.

@bobbyald 5 жыл бұрын

Good talk Dan, Thanks.

@magnicifentvi9554 5 жыл бұрын

This is really interesting! I’m Hmong-American and I’m first generation, born in the U.S when my parents came over. There are photos of my parents who looked very young and skinnier back in their prime. However, as time has passed, they’ve become different because of the foods they eat. My guess was because of their micro biomes and ours. With the introduction of many processed foods and such, it makes me wonder exactly the same question, Does the food we eat change our micro biomes? Or does the micro biome change because of the food we eat?

@swejalkhobragade9415 2 жыл бұрын

Can I talk to you regarding gut flora

@TheOriginalDeckBoy 5 жыл бұрын

Is it the incorporation of modern day antibiotics in our foodchain, especially the US one, leading to more sensitive microbes dying off? Or is it more stress related or is it that those bacteria in the first world are hyper aggressive now?

@mssummerrose1 5 жыл бұрын

What a sweet talker 😍...

@lucabrazi36 5 жыл бұрын

It's the amount of Msg we use in our food. Fast food and processed food has loads of it. Glutamates from MSG attach to glutamate receptors along GI tract nerves and brain. Glutamates triggers nervous system to trigger smooth muscle around intestines. Persistals happens too fast then sops. At the same time Entero endocrine cells release serotonin to signal each nerve to fire. Food passes to fast from stomach to small intestine. Then the small intestine become stagnant once it depletes levels of Serotonin which then cause depression.. Food stops moving and gets fermented by bacteria. Bacteria multiply then immune system gets triggered and sends white blood cells to the intestine which then cause inflammation and sometumes auto immune diseases like Crohn's or ulcerative colitis. The constant triggerr of immune system will destroy the good Gut Flora in the GI tract. From then on you have bacteria over growth which cause gas and heartburn. The problem then is the amount of MSG that food manufacturers are adding into the food to enhance flavor and increase sales. They use various fifferent names for MSG to confuse the consumer.

@lenasantos6511 5 жыл бұрын

nice💕💕💕💕

@KnightsWithoutATable 5 жыл бұрын

Interesting research topic. Another line of research off of this one would be the difference that you see in European populations that don't have as high rates of obesity as the US. Unpasteurized cheeses, fresh fruits/vegetables, and unpasteurized alcoholic beverages would all add in different microbes. The use of different preservatives in foods could also be a factor.

@benis8766 Жыл бұрын

What kind of unpasteurised alcohol you are talking about?

@KnightsWithoutATable Жыл бұрын

@Benis most large-scale commercial beer and wine is pasteurized for preservation reasons. It kills off the live yeast, but it allows it to be stored at temperatures that would spoil it if the yeast was left alive. Microbrews and smaller scale or higher end vineyards leave the yeast alive, which enhances the flavor and does add some gut flora when you drink them.

@xbille 5 жыл бұрын

Interesting times we are living in!

@PHAD-tc2ic 5 жыл бұрын

There now are also clinical pooptransplant treatments (no kidding) to treat colon disorders.

@HeBepo9lTHblu 5 жыл бұрын

Пожалуйста, добавьте русские субтитры на все ваши видео. Такие интересные темы у вас, но ничего не понятно. :(

@Blitzingtakin 5 жыл бұрын

Dank Nights

@Blahisadam 5 жыл бұрын

Listen to this episode of Plant Proof Podcast for further information if this tickles your interest. So much to learn! plantproof.com/building-a-healthy-gut-with-dr-will-bulsiewicz/

@milieandre9643 5 жыл бұрын

Hmong live as well in French Guyana in Amazon's forest

@sagel4940 5 жыл бұрын

The heathiest gut bacteria come from eating a diverse diet of homegrown unwashed organic vegetables and fruits. This is because they have elevated microbiotics on their surface which will diversify your gut and keep you healthy. You can test this yourself. Test your gut before and after and you will see an enormous positive change as well as much better digestion. It is common for people from small villages in other countries to grow their own food but once they come to America, they eat processed food and lose their gut diversity.

@_aullik 5 жыл бұрын

you can wash them. you don't have to eat the dirt. However washing means with water, not with detergents as it is done in the industry.

@NeoFighterX 5 жыл бұрын

Sage L sources or stop talking - what you said just reads like guessplanatory waffle

@mssummerrose1 5 жыл бұрын

aullik no, washing DOES spoil the health benefits as what you call "dirt" SHOULD be ingested... btw water also takes away the water soluble vitamins and other nutrients... you should take your sterile "hygenic" logic to the toilet, maybe there it will get the much needed contamination of understanding of the matter... solong

@_aullik 5 жыл бұрын

"you should take your sterile "hygenic" logic to the toilet" You are completely missing the point. If you rinse your vegetables in water they are NOT sterile. Believe me I live on the land. If you have non-organic food you wanna wash that very thoroughly as they put soo much pesticides on that that you won't get any bacteria either, only what is left of the pesticides.

@therealspaghetti208 5 жыл бұрын

mssummerrose1 yeah what about tetanus? What about the fact that dirt is literally dead organic matter?

@therealspaghetti208 5 жыл бұрын

Dank nights

@LeonidasGGG 5 жыл бұрын

Someone once tested that just by changing gut microbes animals (lab rats) can actually loose A LOT of weight "naturally". In a World with obesity so much on the rise, it is a research I would like to see more developed.

@thanglaka9543 5 жыл бұрын

Same time Dr Gibson is printing living cell with his BDS machine and planning to tele-transport to Mars

@julio25707 5 жыл бұрын

Now whenever you have a Gut feeling trust it! There’s a lot of biomes backing it up!

@holleey 5 жыл бұрын

would't be so sure about that. your craving for sweets is also dictated by gut bacteria that's maybe not so beneficial

@julio25707 5 жыл бұрын

Holly, so true! 😂

@Dindonmasker 5 жыл бұрын

that's SAD! (standard american diet)

@koosnaamloos4291 5 жыл бұрын

If I could I would have legally changed my name to dan knights

@eraldylli 5 жыл бұрын

I would go for Dank Nights, rather.

@koosnaamloos4291 5 жыл бұрын

Erald Ylli that's why

@kilic_ 5 жыл бұрын

DANK NIGHTS

@michaeldengg 5 жыл бұрын

#iloveTEDED

@kyleplays_yt7778 Жыл бұрын

Dan Knights from 2003.

@YVRGunny 5 жыл бұрын

5:42 Non-western human still live in huts in the middle of the jungle

@knowitallll 5 жыл бұрын

I was hoping he would give me a cure for me ibs

@Blahisadam 5 жыл бұрын

Have a look at low FODMAPS diets as well as whole-food plant-based diets. Worked for my mum. Healed her gluten intolerance too!

@JeanPierreWhite 5 жыл бұрын

Emigrate is what I heard.

@valeriejoyce3215 5 жыл бұрын

Roundup??? 🌾🌾🌾 Epigenetics??? 😀🤔😢

@tabenstock7119 5 жыл бұрын

I love this ted talk. I deeply recommend Missing Microbes By Doctor Martin J. Blaser! He goes much more in detail. It’s truly amazing.

@nathancountyrman2226 5 жыл бұрын

Allergy’s is a disease?

@JeanPierreWhite 5 жыл бұрын

What else would you call it?

@MacoveiVlad 5 жыл бұрын

Are antibiotics found in food killing the good bacteria and then the gut is invaded by the other bacteria? Or does the invaders kill off the normal fauna? Does more radiation found in cities affect the equilibrium? Are micro particles influencing this war? We have tests for all those factors, let's combine those with machine learning and solve this.

@memoryhero 5 жыл бұрын

Eat raw Sauerkraut. That is all.

@Rickbearcat 5 жыл бұрын

Not telling us how to replace the current gut microbes we have living in our guts with what should be there was a big fail on the part of this speaker. He really missed a big opportunity in this talk which I am not used to in a TED talk.

@doblerollo7952 5 жыл бұрын

Rickbearcat totally agreed. He missed a huge opportunity in such a big channel as TED.

@johnnyb5534 5 жыл бұрын

Eating lots of organic whole foods will allow good bacteria to thrive, but it's a lifestyle change and hard to do. You can also eat fermented foods like Kimchi and Sauerkraut which grow helpful bacteria in an anaerobic environment. You can buy them at some health food stores. You can also take probiotics, but they only contain a small number of strands and are temporary.

@JeanPierreWhite 5 жыл бұрын

@Rickbearcat Maybe he hasn't got the answers yet.

@MaximilianKohler 5 жыл бұрын

Because the answers aren't known yet. We can do FMT from people in perfect health who've never taken an antimicrobial, but FMT is not popular enough yet to where the ~1% of people healthy enough to be FMT donors are doing so.

@thanglaka9543 5 жыл бұрын

Also he failed to tell Lord Buddha's advice to uphold one out of his 5 precepts - not a take a life of anything living ( creature ) because he was not aware of this knowledge, not even microscope was invented at his time. Not much difference nowadays as all so called-Buddhists are now devouring meats on daily basis ( including monks with silly excuse that someone kills the creatures for them )

@RemusKingOfRome 5 жыл бұрын

..... Sugar ...... ???

@mysteepulcine2510 5 жыл бұрын

But WHY does the microbiome of an immigrant change? Can it be prevented?

@Adiudicium-1776 5 жыл бұрын

because they adopt the standard American diet which is, as you know, highly ultra processed and hence stripped of all micro nutrients.

@qcnicolas 5 жыл бұрын

I think at the end, he miss the principal point: feeling and thinking (human *being*). It's directly connected to your guts, collect data from a wise man in USA, I'm sure he would be as the non-western people, and even better! Plus, try meditation + yoga + gratitude during a month to compare before/after on the bacteria. (And not only food) I'm sure the best and beautiful solution is here if you wanna help / save western human (it's like 80% depressed people in America, no?). Philosophy, Psychology, Spirituality, Wisdom... Knowing yourself then others then the world / universe 🌌. ☀☤☀

@_aullik 5 жыл бұрын

I think you are missing the mark completely here. They are still doing research with a ton of different groups figuring out what is best for your microbes. Maybe Yoga helps. Maybe stress is bad... who knows. They will learn it eventually.

@tostupidforname 5 жыл бұрын

Nicolas Quay-cendre are you high?

@qcnicolas 5 жыл бұрын

aullik - What's your point, what your intention? Saying no because I desagree and I'm quite confident? Just ego answer? I share my experience and knowledge on human, on me and others, which always correlate like I said with feeling and emotion, except if you eat a toxin, a poison, in that case it's a lot more complexe to heal yourself. At the end of the talk, he just speak about food and bacteria, so I advice him (with a mail too) to look on feeling and thinking as well as food. And I advice you the same. That's all. Peace on you. to stupid for a Name - I don't take any drug, but yeah I can be in deep meditation or gratitude or contemplation. ☤

@mssummerrose1 5 жыл бұрын

Nicolas Quay-cendre ...mefotation yes, but you also can't skip a healthy diet in order to achieve health...

@alcino555 5 жыл бұрын

i believe that technics to reduce stress migh be positive for the microbes that your gut already has, but if you dont consume a good and diverse amount of microbes then it wont help that much since otherwise you would only be helping the negative microbes on your gut.

@budg7525 5 жыл бұрын

First!

@VoxPopulasse 5 жыл бұрын

Animals live far longer and older in zoos compared to their wild peers. Thanks to the good and abundant food, and to the medical care provided by the zoo staff and vet doctors.

@_aullik 5 жыл бұрын

and this changes his point how? If they get sick more often than in the wild, we have something to improve that we humans could benefit from greately aswell.

@fjellyo3261 5 жыл бұрын

Not all animals :).

@edmondcromwell5491 5 жыл бұрын

Why are so many Ted viewers damn vegans?

@JeanPierreWhite 5 жыл бұрын

Who said they are damned?

@gabrielcoimbra7887 5 жыл бұрын

I dont know if your statement is true, but I think there are a lot of vegans in this comment section because when you are talking about gut bacteria a whole food plant-based diet it is probably the best choise for health, that's why lot of them clicked. I think some of Ted viewers are vegans because Ted is a forward-thinking plataform which is compatible with the vegan philosophy and its developments.