Hypothesis Testing and The Null Hypothesis, Clearly Explained!!!

Рет қаралды 497,637

Күн бұрын

One of the most basic concepts in statistics is hypothesis testing and something called The Null Hypothesis. This video breaks these concepts down into easy to understand pieces so that you can understand their motivation and their uses. By the time you're done with this video, Hypothesis Testing and the Null Hypothesis will be Clearly Explained!!!
NOTE: If you'd like to learn about The Alternative Hypothesis, check out...
• Alternative Hypotheses...
And if you'd like to learn about p-values, check out...
p-values: What they are and how to interpret them: • p-values: What they ar...
How to Calculate p-values: • How to calculate p-values
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statquest.org/video-index/
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0:00 Awesome song and introduction
0:22 Background
2:32 First hypothesis
4:09 Rejecting a hypothesis
4:40 Second hypothesis
7:14 Failing to reject a hypothesis
8:21 Rejecting vs Failing to Reject
9:01 Motivation for the Null Hypothesis
9:51 The Null Hypothesis
13:44 The next steps
Correction:
7:49 I meant to say Drug C instead of Drug A.
#StatQuest #NullHypothesis

Пікірлер: 468

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

NOTE: At 7:49 I meant to say Drug C instead of Drug A. Support StatQuest by buying my book The StatQuest Illustrated Guide to Machine Learning or a Study Guide or Merch!!! statquest.org/statquest-store/

@GauravSharma-ui4yd 3 жыл бұрын

Hey josh i suggest you to write a book on everything you explained in your ML and prob&stats playlist. It will surely be a triple baaammm in the community. And also going to be best seller.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

One day I'll do that.

@MrSmarthunky 3 жыл бұрын

@@statquest We are waiting! :)

@heplaysguitar1090 3 жыл бұрын

@@GauravSharma-ui4yd Definitely, I was thinking the same, best seller without a doubt.

@aspergale9836 2 жыл бұрын

If only there was some nice feature to add quick, like, _annotations_ to videos to point out small stuff like that. Jeez, my hidden genius is scary =_= /s @KZfaq

@becca2239 3 жыл бұрын

"I'm not going to name names", hilarious 🤣️

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

@omkargowda5764 3 жыл бұрын

@@statquest have you created a detailed video on inferential statistics ????? (•‿•)

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

@@omkargowda5764 I believe this video would quality as a detailed video on inferential statistics.

@crjacinro 2 жыл бұрын

COVID 19

@miale3425 3 жыл бұрын

Videos on platforms that require subscription fees are not even a tiny bit to your content 😂👏Thank you so much for the work!!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! :)

@acruzp 2 жыл бұрын

You know what I love about your channel Josh? You've made a real effort to get to the bottom of these concepts. It's beautiful to see such attention to detail and love for a subject.

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Wow, thank you!

@88skewer 3 жыл бұрын

really want to give you a big warm hug. You not only tought me these concept, now I am even confidence enough to explain these to someone else

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

BAM! That is awesome.

@arvind31459 2 жыл бұрын

Josh doesn't accept hugs but BAMS!!

@ThatDudeUKChronicles Жыл бұрын

I literally watched your Statistics Fundamentals playlist in 2 days. It was too much of wisdom. I need to sit back, go through my notes again. Crazy crazy learning. Thank you so much for putting so many efforts that you made them look so effortless. Thank you, sir!

@statquest Жыл бұрын

BAM! :)

@praneethsaitunuguntla7751 3 жыл бұрын

I started my machine learning journey a week ago confused with all the math involved and I found a extremely understandable way here .Thank you John Starmer you are really great..

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Glad it was helpful!

@Teawos98 2 жыл бұрын

how is your journey going . Just started mine today

@lucretiuscoleman8224 2 ай бұрын

yeah, how's it going? i think i'm halfway ready to apply for my first DS job

@ab_intel5281 2 жыл бұрын

My favorite hobby of the quarantine is to watch statquest and make notes. Very grateful to you Josh...

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

bam!

@MrRuhll 3 жыл бұрын

really appreciate your work mate! all videos so well explained using a light speech. wish you the best

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! :)

@mainulislam6765 3 жыл бұрын

it just hit me that I laughed five times while learning statistics from this video. So far statistics lessons were about frowning and what not. BAM!!!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Bam! :)

@alexw31415 9 ай бұрын

Josh's voice is so cathartic to listen to and there's a perfect balance of learning at a great pace with minor sarcasm/banter that makes these videos so easy to binge and learn from. Thank you sir.

@statquest 9 ай бұрын

Thank you so much! BAM! :)

@alexw31415 9 ай бұрын

And I'm extra impressed to see that you read and respond to comments on 3-year-old videos! That's a lost art in the KZfaq-verse. Double BAM!

@SaidakbarP 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you Josh. This is a beautiful explanation. It goes to the very fundamentals of statistics with easy to understand examples. I have an upcoming data science interview, so I am refreshing my stat skills. Your channel is the best place to learn stats!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Glad it was helpful!

@notme7310 2 жыл бұрын

This is so good! Thank you so much! I tried watching other videos about this but none could explain it well as you do nor keep my attention long enough.

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@actualBIAS 6 ай бұрын

Josh... and all of you friendly folks of the genetics department. Thank you guys SO MUCH for your great work. Thanks to you I learned so much in an intuitive way.

@statquest 6 ай бұрын

bam! :)

@Anastasia_Beaverhausen 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you, Josh! Great, simple introduction to hypothesis testing.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Glad you liked it!

@RealSlimShady7 3 жыл бұрын

For me, it has been StatQuest in the morning, afternoon, and night! This is Amazing!!! Who would have thought Stats and ML would be fun!! BAMMM! Thank you Josh :D

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Hooray!!! I'm glad you're enjoying StatQuest! :)

@RealSlimShady7 3 жыл бұрын

@@statquest All the time :)

@leassis91 2 жыл бұрын

thank you for taking all the time to explain the little things, it really helps!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! :)

@thanhtrungnguyen4722 3 жыл бұрын

amazing, start the day with StatQuest videos, so excited!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Hooray!

@rvvanani8252 3 жыл бұрын

You're the Best.......It's like watching fun videos but in the end, we get amazing knowledge. Keep doing such amazing work.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much 😀

@okonalbert 3 ай бұрын

This is the best statistics class I have ever been in, you break it down in a constructivist way, such that any rookie can understand

@statquest 3 ай бұрын

Thank you!

@DrThalesAlexandre 26 күн бұрын

This is the best explanation on the null hypothesis I have seen so far.

@statquest 25 күн бұрын

Thank you!

@ShermanSitter 3 жыл бұрын

Great timing! Right after our discussion on NHST! :) ...another great video!

@ShermanSitter 3 жыл бұрын

PS. You probably already caught this, but I believe there is typo at 7:50 ("drug A", but meaning drug C?)

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks for catching that. I added it to a pinned comment.

@abhisheksaini1872 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you sooooo much. You are a savior. The way you make complex things easy to understand is just amazing. Once again thank you so much ! :-))

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Glad it helped!

@NishantSewgobind 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for the wonderful and clear explanation! Very useful!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed it!

@karnaghose4784 3 ай бұрын

You explained better than my college lecturer

@statquest 3 ай бұрын

Thanks!

@alexey9624 3 жыл бұрын

Of course like! Awesome lectures! Explained very clearly and easily - the best I found. Unfortunately, I did not find anything 'clearly explained' at the channel about Markov models.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Markov Models are on the to-do list.

@alexey9624 3 жыл бұрын

Great! And is a theory of random processes on the list?

@sonam2288 Жыл бұрын

Hello Sir, thank you so much for explaining it so well. The examples given by you makes is so easy for us understand it. You are amazing! Thank you 😊

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@janbenedictsaldana6613 3 жыл бұрын

Your videos really help me a lot. Thank you very much. I'll also be showing these videos to my students=)

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Awesome! :)

@Grillpander 3 жыл бұрын

I've learned something today.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Hooray! :)

@sivaramakrishnanr3790 3 жыл бұрын

@@statquest 000000⁰⁰⁰⁰⁰000⁰⁰⁰0⁰⁰0⁰0⁰0

@rittikabose 3 жыл бұрын

You have all the ways to make learning interesting and fun, even the kids will also feel like knowing Statistics now !!!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Glad you think so!

@rittikabose 3 жыл бұрын

@@statquest Can you post some interview materials? It will be of great help. I attended an interview where I was asked about the different testing methods and KPIs based on different data situations.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

@@rittikabose I need people to send me their interview questions. Can you send me yours: statquest.org/contact/

@mc_v6237 2 жыл бұрын

Your stat fundamental series realy helped me understand the basics of hypothesis testing, huge thanks for that! I searched for a video explaining the mathematical logic behind z and t test but found no one that realy explained the Details in an understandable way. Would you mabey consider making a video based on all the stuff you allready explained but connecting the dots and other neccecary details for z and t tests? Would be great if you'd think about it. (Unless you allready made one and I just didnt found it^^)

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

You know, one day I would love to do a proper video on t-tests. For now, however, the only thing I have is a video that shows you that the logic behind t-tests is the same exact logic behind linear regression, which is also the same exact logic behind ANOVA and a bunch of other tests (some of which don't even have names). For details, first learn about linear regression... kzfaq.info/get/bejne/pNFidrR6udPDlaM.html and then learn how it naturally extends to t-tests... kzfaq.info/get/bejne/hKxlksWltMenmZs.html

@vikram90ful 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks Josh, you made my day! thanks

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Hooray! :)

@edmundchan8923 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks you for the video. It always refreshes my mind

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@bharanidharanbalu 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks Mr Josh for the wonder video.... You are taking lots of effects to make the video....... your clarity of explanation is really good ..... possible do it for anomaly detection in time series ........Thanks a lot for making more videos.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! :)

@dillman4170 Жыл бұрын

Great Video! Very well explained. You are helping a lot of people

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Glad you think so!

@rishiraj8101 Жыл бұрын

wow! indeed clearly explained, Josh.

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@sachithgomes2672 Жыл бұрын

When Knowledge and Entertainment are found together in one place. 🤩

@statquest Жыл бұрын

bam! :)

@elsabetbogale7227 Жыл бұрын

i love this, i actually understand bless your heart

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@virendrakumar-fx7se 10 ай бұрын

Every video of urs is really helpful to understand the concept..adding fun to teaching is really helpful.

@statquest 10 ай бұрын

Thanks!

@sombra145b 2 жыл бұрын

Great video, thanks! I completely understand what you said about us only being able to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis, but I have seen many published papers stating their main hypotheses to be "there is no difference between groups". They then state in the discussion "the results support our hypothesis" when the tests find no difference and claim that the intervention is equally helpful for different age groups, for example. Is this problematic? Should the peer review have said something? Should they have switched the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis somehow because the type I error becomes the type II error and vice versa? What would be the algorithm for doing such research when they want to prove that the intervention is as effective as the other one?

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Without knowing all of the details, I would say it is very odd to say that the main hypothesis is the null and that a large p-value supports that. The reason it's odd is that there could be a million reasons why the p-value was large, some of which have nothing to do with the treatment (for example, it could be that someone just wrote the data down incorrectly).

@hanshernandez5513 3 жыл бұрын

Amazing videos! I just iked and subscribed double BAM!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Hooray! Thank you! :)

@pradnya173 3 ай бұрын

You are such a cool teacher! Thank you

@statquest 3 ай бұрын

Thank you! 😃!

@lizshale4349 3 жыл бұрын

i do learn a lot from you and enjoy much fun!!!Thank you Josh!!!!!!!!!!!!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Awesome, thank you!

@pranayshridhar9980 3 жыл бұрын

your the best professor i ever had 👍

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks! 😃

@wildboy747 Жыл бұрын

Jesus thank you man! I finally understand that null hypothesis it was tricky for me

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Bam! :)

@afihaileywibowo1095 Жыл бұрын

You know, I'm going to learn the chords of that cute intro! 😊

@statquest Жыл бұрын

C, Aminor, G, C. BAM! :) (NOTE: They might sound a little different played on a normal guitar. The notes will be the same, but the order they are played might be different.)

@maessonmlo 4 күн бұрын

Thanks for sharing this wonderful video. See you!

@statquest 4 күн бұрын

Thanks!

@swapnilchavan7076 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you josh .... You are wonderfulllll😊

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! :)

@yufeizhan726 3 жыл бұрын

This is REALLY helpful.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@gayathrikurada3315 3 жыл бұрын

Hi Josh,Thank you for the awesome video :) I'm slightly confused on how to frame null hypothesis for a given statement. For eg :A pizza place claims that their delivery time is 30 minutes or less than that on an avg. Now our null hypothesis will be "The delivery time is NOT less than or equal to 30 mins that is basically greater than 30 mins." Is this correct ?

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Yes.

@thisisvickyge 2 жыл бұрын

Really love your videos!!!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@raj-nz4bj 3 жыл бұрын

I am your fan . Great help in machine learning

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@amoghbharadwaj9252 3 жыл бұрын

Hello Josh, thank you so much for the brilliant video :) I have a question related to Hypothesis testing. How is hypothesis testing used in the data science industry ? can you give me a couple of use cases? Like, say If I am solving a business problem, and I have 30 features and a target variable. do I use hypothesis testing to check if the relationship between any 2 variables is significant or not? like that am I doing hypothesis testing for all the trends/patterns observed during feature engineering to check if the relationship is due to random choice or if it really exists? I was just thinking about the bigger picture in the industry, please let me know, thank you :)

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

A/B testing is all about hypothesis testing. So there's one industry use case. Hypothesis testing can also be used to determine if your machine learning model is overfit to the data.

@fahimmahmud3115 2 жыл бұрын

I so wish I could meet you in person. You are just great!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@pingyang6385 3 жыл бұрын

HI, @josh, i watched all your stat videos, they are indeed veery good and very clear. I am wondering whether you have related notes or ppt for sharing. thank you!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

I have study guides for some of my videos here: statquest.org/studyguides/

@himankaghosh7307 3 ай бұрын

Great concept explanation

@statquest 3 ай бұрын

Glad you liked it!

@gissellevargas3551 3 жыл бұрын

You are the absolute best!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! :)

@AnkurBhase 3 жыл бұрын

I'll be honest. I watch your videos waiting for the BAM and forget to focus on the concept! Then I've to go back all over again! 😂😂😂

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

BAM!

@archanatatavarti1951 3 жыл бұрын

You're so good!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@HalfHotHalfCold Жыл бұрын

Using your page as a review for a job interview

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Good luck! :)

@istwishmeister9368 3 жыл бұрын

Hi Josh, This was awesome. But, can you please make some video regarding GCN(Graph Convolution Network) in future? It would be nice to get some explanation from your perspective.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

I'll keep that in mind.

@HPEKASHP 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Josh, thanks for your amazing channel :D I need help with something, I've made a campaign. So there are the group of people who were impacted by the campaign and bought, the people who were impacted and didn't buy, and the group of people who weren't impacted and still buy, and the one that either was impacted and bought. I want to know if the difference between, impacted group and non impacted is significant? How do I conceive the null hypothesis? Thanks a lot

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

The null is that there is no difference. You can then use Fisher's Exact test (or chi-square) to determine if there is: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/q8qpdNmnxrPOloE.html

@angelalebenglik5538 2 жыл бұрын

Hello! Do you think that I could get a basic notion of inferential statistics after watching the whole "Statistics Fundamentals" videos? If not, which ones do you recommend me to watch? :) BTW this videos changed my belief that I could actually understand something with numbers involved

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Yes, I think you could get a good sense of what inferential statistics is and what you can do with it from my videos. Glad my videos are helpful!

@neuodev 2 жыл бұрын

Triple Bam 💥 !! Awesome Video for hypthesis testing

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@ishitaarora281 Жыл бұрын

your intros are the best

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@user-cc7fo5ml1m 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

You're welcome!

@maxjohnson7623 6 ай бұрын

thank you so much for your videos

@statquest 6 ай бұрын

Thank you!

@tawiwutcharuwat8999 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

You're welcome!

@aryananand5089 3 жыл бұрын

Literally I have an exam tomorrow. You’ve been a lifesaver!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Good luck! :)

@-why6039 3 жыл бұрын

Me seeing this comment a night before my exam: 👁👄👁 same bruh (ik it’s late reply but whatever)

@aryananand5089 3 жыл бұрын

@@-why6039 hahaha i get it :,)

@-why6039 3 жыл бұрын

@@aryananand5089 ikr! Statistics is 😭

@aryananand5089 3 жыл бұрын

@@-why6039 all the best! 😊✨

@arandhir 3 жыл бұрын

This is awesome...can u please make video on Skewness and Kurtosis ... explaining it's concept and practical application.... Thanks in advance for reply

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

I'll keep it in mind.

@MrSmarthunky 3 жыл бұрын

Very good video Mr.Starmer. One basic question: Why can't the null hypothesis be : There is a difference between Drug C and Drug D? Any things should I have to consider while formulating my hypothesis?

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Due to random things, like exercise, age, etc, if we give the exact same drug to two groups of people, the mean recovery times for the two groups will probably be a little different. So, if we want the null hypothesis to be that there is a difference between two drugs, we have to quantify how big that difference is, because there will probably be a small difference in the means even if both groups take the exact same drug. So we could test that the difference between drugs is 12 hours, or 13 hours, or 11 hours, but how do we decide? Since we can't decide very easily, we set the null hypothesis to be that the difference is 0. Then we can test to see if the results are significantly different from 0. If so, then there is probably a difference between the two drugs.

@uhdorables2289 6 ай бұрын

these videos are amazing! you explained better than my statistics professor can. You earned a new subscriber! keep up the great work :D

@statquest 6 ай бұрын

Thanks, will do!

@sarahussein7616 4 ай бұрын

Your channel is so bammm 🔥🔥❤️

@statquest 4 ай бұрын

bam! :)

@shubhamkalra1234 3 жыл бұрын

Hello, that's a great video! Could you please tell me the software that you use to create such animated videos? Thank you.

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

I use Keynote and iMovie.

@oguve278 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the Great Video! Would it still be considered a Null Hypothesis if it was phrased “People taking Drug C do not need fewer hours to recover than those who take Drug D” ?

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Yes, that would be called a "one-sided test". However, generally speaking, one sided tests are more trouble than they are worth.

@sriramcharan180 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent explanation

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Glad you think so!

@dante911ify 6 ай бұрын

Great video however, I have a question. Throughtout the video, you used the phrase "random differences" for factors like Better diet, more exercise, (or may be some genetic mutation) which affect recovery time but are these factors really random ? These factors may be unknown to the experimenter but is it a good idea to consider them random ? I mean the phrase "Drug A may perform better than Drug B due to chance" doesn't make sense considering there would be deterministic reasons with mechanical explanations which would explain the action of the drugs

@statquest 6 ай бұрын

I agree, statisticians use words like "random" and "error" in strange ways. However, in the language of statistics, "random" means "things we didn't factor into the model". Unfortunately, that's just the way they use the term and there's not much we can do about it.

@dante911ify 6 ай бұрын

@@statquest thank you for the answer

@haneulkim4902 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks Josh! When we fail to reject Null Hypothesis (No difference in recovery time between two drugs) can we conclude that statement in Null hypothesis is true i.e. No difference in recovery time between two drug?

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

I believe I answer this question at 8:21

@albertocaruso6968 3 жыл бұрын

Sei veramente bravo, you are very smart. Thanks!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Grazie! :)

@Technolance 3 жыл бұрын

Good Job!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! :)

@arjundebnath78 2 жыл бұрын

At 4 min 15 sec , when you say the experiment is conducted multiple times , is it done on the same group of people? or different.

@jiinglesgreen3869 2 жыл бұрын

Woh man, great content.

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@mintsss872 2 жыл бұрын

I love the songs that are at the start of every video

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@karangadgil9847 2 жыл бұрын

made it so easy to comprehend

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@santoshgujar5237 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you, Sir

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Bam! :)

@esther1994 5 ай бұрын

Thank you very much.

@statquest 5 ай бұрын

@viduradias4646 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you!!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

@nikitapatel9563 3 жыл бұрын

After... Watching this video I feel relax.. that. I knw. Something.. clearly

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Hooray! :)

@jennyfu720 2 жыл бұрын

thanks for this video

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@karishmatank2964 3 жыл бұрын

Hi! I've been trying to visit your website but keep seeing an "Error establishing a database connection" error. I've tried on different browsers and devices but keep getting the same error. Thought to point it out. Thanks for the videos though- I've been re-learning a ton of statistics! Hoping to check out your study guides soon as well

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Try it again. I went camping last week and as soon as I left the house the website went down. However, it is back up now.

@karishmatank2964 3 жыл бұрын

Works now, thanks!

@aaminaafshan240 Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@statquest Жыл бұрын

You're welcome!

@mdabdullahalhasib1730 2 жыл бұрын

Lovely BAM!!!!! from Bangladesh...

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@hungariantornado Жыл бұрын

thank you!!!

@statquest Жыл бұрын

@bin4ry_d3struct0r Жыл бұрын

This is the first time I've heard of the null hypothesis defined as there being no difference between observations in test results. I always interpreted the null as the observations being due to randomness instead of being due to some causal relationship. This definition would be more in line with the p-value being the probability that the observations actually are random. Of course, I could just be super confused :P

@statquest Жыл бұрын

Another way to think of the null hypothesis is that all of the observations were randomly selected the same distribution (instead of two, distinct distributions). If all the observations came from the same distribution, then, in theory, there should be no, or relatively little, difference bean their estimated means.

@bin4ry_d3struct0r Жыл бұрын

@@statquest 🤯

@Norainjoe 3 жыл бұрын

Hilarious! I've never lol'd on a stats video before

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

Bam! :)

@krishnavamsi3079 2 жыл бұрын

Good one!!

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@sarvagyagupta1744 2 жыл бұрын

So if we compare this with ML and DL, Null hypothesis would be something similar to supervised training where we start off with some large amount of data using randomly initialized weights (hence the zero bias and 0 difference in recovery) and finally see hw much each feature affects the output? Did I get that correctly?

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

hmmm. I'm not sure that's a great analogy.

@sarvagyagupta1744 2 жыл бұрын

@@statquest do correct me if I'm wrong but here's my thought process. We can consider null hypothesis as initializing random weights so each classification would be having some random distribution and slight change in the feature may or may not affect the outcome. But after training, (except for adversarial attacks), slight change in features will to a large extent not lead to change in outcome. Did I get that right?

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

@@sarvagyagupta1744 Again, I'm not sure this analogy makes much sense to me. The purpose of the null hypothesis is simply to give us a baseline to make comparisons. The question we want to ask is "are things different?", and the null hypothesis provides a framework for that question.

@sillyfarmerbilly8872 2 жыл бұрын

I'm supposed to be working, but I keep watching these

@statquest 2 жыл бұрын

BAM! :)

@thurayae 3 жыл бұрын

I am trying to calculate the sample size to look up for five alleles frequencies in my population and after searching I found this equation: Sample Size = [z2 * p(1-p)] / e2 ,but someone just suggested that it should be calculated using the hardy equation!!! that's why I have asked if it can be used for sample size calculation!

@statquest 3 жыл бұрын

I'm not familiar with that and did a quick search and wasn't able to find anything.