kzfaq.info/get/bejne/mtWVe7Rh076ml30.html

IMHO, speed of light has nothing to do with light but rather the speed of entropy (aka causality), which is directly related to matter because entropy can only be observed in matter. Light just tags along for the ride. 🙂

Conservation of Spatial Curvature: Both Matter and Energy described as "Quanta" of Spatial Curvature. (A string is revealed to be a twisted cord when viewed up close.) Is there an alternative interpretation of "Asymptotic Freedom"? What if Quarks are actually made up of twisted tubes which become physically entangled with two other twisted tubes to produce a proton? Instead of the Strong Force being mediated by the constant exchange of gluons, it would be mediated by the physical entanglement of these twisted tubes. When only two twisted tubules are entangled, a meson is produced which is unstable and rapidly unwinds (decays) into something else. A proton would be analogous to three twisted rubber bands becoming entangled and the "Quarks" would be the places where the tubes are tangled together. The behavior would be the same as rubber balls (representing the Quarks) connected with twisted rubber bands being separated from each other or placed closer together producing the exact same phenomenon as "Asymptotic Freedom" in protons and neutrons. The force would become greater as the balls are separated, but the force would become less if the balls were placed closer together. Therefore, the gluon is a synthetic particle (zero mass, zero charge) invented to explain the Strong Force. An artificial Christmas tree can hold the ornaments in place, but it is not a real tree. String Theory was not a waste of time, because Geometry is the key to Math and Physics. However, can we describe Standard Model interactions using only one extra spatial dimension? What did some of the old clockmakers use to store the energy to power the clock? Was it a string or was it a spring? What if we describe subatomic particles as spatial curvature, instead of trying to describe General Relativity as being mediated by particles? Fixing the Standard Model with more particles is like trying to mend a torn fishing net with small rubber balls, instead of a piece of twisted twine. Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules: “We are all agreed that your theory is crazy. The question which divides us is whether it is crazy enough to have a chance of being correct.” Neils Bohr (lecture on a theory of elementary particles given by Wolfgang Pauli in New York, c. 1957-8, in Scientific American vol. 199, no. 3, 1958) The following is meant to be a generalized framework for an extension of Kaluza-Klein Theory. Does it agree with some aspects of the “Twistor Theory” of Roger Penrose, and the work of Eric Weinstein on “Geometric Unity”, and the work of Dr. Lisa Randall on the possibility of one extra spatial dimension? During the early history of mankind, the twisting of fibers was used to produce thread, and this thread was used to produce fabrics. The twist of the thread is locked up within these fabrics. Is matter made up of twisted 3D-4D structures which store spatial curvature that we describe as “particles"? Are the twist cycles the "quanta" of Quantum Mechanics? When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. ( E=hf, More spatial curvature as the frequency increases = more Energy ). What if Quark/Gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks where the tubes are entangled? (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are a part of the quarks. Quarks cannot exist without gluons, and vice-versa. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Charge" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" are logically based on this concept. The Dirac “belt trick” also reveals the concept of twist in the ½ spin of subatomic particles. If each twist cycle is proportional to h, we have identified the source of Quantum Mechanics as a consequence twist cycle geometry. Modern physicists say the Strong Force is mediated by a constant exchange of Gluons. The diagrams produced by some modern physicists actually represent the Strong Force like a spring connecting the two quarks. Asymptotic Freedom acts like real springs. Their drawing is actually more correct than their theory and matches perfectly to what I am saying in this model. You cannot separate the Gluons from the Quarks because they are a part of the same thing. The Quarks are the places where the Gluons are entangled with each other. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. The twist in the torus can either be Right-Hand or Left-Hand. Some twisted donuts can be larger than others, which can produce three different types of neutrinos. If a twisted tube winds up on one end and unwinds on the other end as it moves through space, this would help explain the “spin” of normal particles, and perhaps also the “Higgs Field”. However, if the end of the twisted tube joins to the other end of the twisted tube forming a twisted torus (neutrino), would this help explain “Parity Symmetry” violation in Beta Decay? Could the conversion of twist cycles to writhe cycles through the process of supercoiling help explain “neutrino oscillations”? Spatial curvature (mass) would be conserved, but the structure could change. ===================== Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons? Does an electron travel through space like a threaded nut traveling down a threaded rod, with each twist cycle proportional to Planck’s Constant? Does it wind up on one end, while unwinding on the other end? Is this related to the Higgs field? Does this help explain the strange ½ spin of many subatomic particles? Does the 720 degree rotation of a 1/2 spin particle require at least one extra dimension? Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons . Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The production of the torus may help explain the “Symmetry Violation” in Beta Decay, because one end of the broken tube section is connected to the other end of the tube produced, like a snake eating its tail. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles. The conversion of twists into writhes, and vice-versa, is an interesting process, which is also found in DNA molecules. Could the production of multiple writhe cycles help explain the three generations of quarks and neutrinos? If the twist cycles increase, the writhe cycles would also have a tendency to increase. Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves. ( Mass=1/Length ) The “Electric Charge” of electrons or positrons would be the result of one twist cycle being displayed at the 3D-4D surface interface of the particle. The physical entanglement of twisted tubes in quarks within protons and neutrons and mesons displays an overall external surface charge of an integer number. Because the neutrinos do not have open tube ends, (They are a twisted torus.) they have no overall electric charge. Within this model a black hole could represent a quantum of gravity, because it is one cycle of spatial gravitational curvature. Therefore, instead of a graviton being a subatomic particle it could be considered to be a black hole. The overall gravitational attraction would be caused by a very tiny curvature imbalance within atoms. In this model Alpha equals the compactification ratio within the twistor cone, which is approximately 1/137. 1= Hypertubule diameter at 4D interface 137= Cone’s larger end diameter at 3D interface where the photons are absorbed or emitted. The 4D twisted Hypertubule gets longer or shorter as twisting or untwisting occurs. (720 degrees per twist cycle.) How many neutrinos are left over from the Big Bang? They have a small mass, but they could be very large in number. Could this help explain Dark Matter? Why did Paul Dirac use the twist in a belt to help explain particle spin? Is Dirac’s belt trick related to this model? Is the “Quantum” unit based on twist cycles? I started out imagining a subatomic Einstein-Rosen Bridge whose internal surface is twisted with either a Right-Hand twist, or a Left-Hand twist producing a twisted 3D/4D membrane. This topological Soliton model grew out of that simple idea. I was also trying to imagine a way to stuff the curvature of a 3 D sine wave into subatomic particles. ------------------

what a crok of bs try the rope hypothesis @@SpotterVideo

Wow very nice experiment I have another concept about time, I think time is not a thing that really exist, time is imaginary, so time travel is just a myth tossed by pseudo science fellow. only distance and angle, and directions are real thing.

Aww thank you!! It sounds like your students have a great teacher

@@LookingGlassUniversethe cool part is that once it leaves the water it instantly is back to lightpseed

​@@mcamp9445conservation of energy be damned. 😮

@@LookingGlassUniverse @3:20 "That's not we see..." is absolutely not correct. Actually THAT is exactly what we see. The light you see in the water is being emitted from the water molecules. You cannot see light unless you are looking at the emitter, in this case by either looking directly into the laser (extremely dangerous) or at the path it takes through the water. The light beam path between the laser source and the water is not visible because it is not encountering enough air molecules to be scattered, and when it encounters water the beam is visible only BECAUSE the light is being scattered by the water molecules. You can prove it is being scattered because the beam is visible in the water regardless of where it is viewed from.

I wish teachers would have the ability to communicate this sort of stuff like this in the 90s... I feel like 75% of my education on a variety of subjects was, worse than useless, just plain wrong.

Indeed. A... cat-ion.

@@hughobyrne2588A cat-ion 🤣

Even more interesting- you measured the speed the light that it makes in round trip, but no one has measured it in one direction.

@@Baaqel And it is interesting that no one can measure the passing of time except at a single pint in space.

Light doesn't slow down through water because light doesn't actually travel . Light is always there , what travels is the wave of excitation . Einstein was wrong and ruined physics. Tesla was correct , the aether is real . Light is aether excited .

That is an amazing fun fact (that would have saved me a lot of pain)

Is that related to an exchange that has a huge coil of fibre to deliberately slow the transactions in/out the building?

Except that they're all frowny! Hey, electrons, why are you all so negative? Don't you realise your potential?

The pixies do be angry tho. 🤔

Good shout.

Not only on fiber optic, you can also measure the increase in travel time in coaxial cable, parallel wires, etc. Also if the pair is twisted the delay is less than not twisted.

Wow, I had no idea that it slowed down enough to account for in a fibre optic network- it makes sense but that's mind blowing

@@LookingGlassUniverseit's Typically about 2/3c so not tremendously slower, but enough you need to account for it over long distances. High frequency trading firms use very expensive microwave networks because microwaves through air gives them a small latency advantage.

It's faster to beam data to starlink satellites at 500 km height in vacuum, them transmitting the data, between each other, and then back down, than to send the data from London to Ny in fiber optics.

Don't forget nonlinear optics, buddy. Glass can become a conductor even with an infrared laser if the E-field is strong enough.

@@RealNovgorod Yes. Light gets even more fun with Zeeman effect, the Evanescent field. And the phase conjugate mirror: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/naepZpx219e6Y2g.html

The huygen's thing really cracks me up in hindsight. The actual experiment wasn't done till 200 years later and definitely didn't involve a telescope

@@LookingGlassUniverseAre you sure? Even though it was not measuring the speed of light in water, the speed of light was decently measured centuries ago.

ah, that makes a lot of sense! Great point

Or you could just use a laser ranging device like construction workers use. The hardware store will have some. Edit: haha, that’s what you do a couple minutes later.

Right?! No needs for fancy graphics, what really counts is clear and simple presentation. :)

Yeah, my thoughts, too. Using a sketchy phone and covering in plastic bag, as well as a non-uniform container just gave ammo to difficulty understanding and testing, and the nay sayers.

The wikipedia page on Fermat's principle has an interesting historical account of its roots.

Pausing again. In fact what I want to appeciate is your commitment to the truth, the fact that people can't say "we don't know" or "this is exactly what i believe" and instead straight up make up lies or say some criptic bullshit while still trying to sound smart but with zero regard given to the truth...smh. anyways, never stop doing what u r doing

Oh man😢 ...can't wait for part two.

@@timshel1499 I agree with you. She tried hard. Also I fear that even the best known and smartest physician's use the cryptic bullshit explanations (probably to the best of their capability and possibly knowledge too) you talk about but not many people dare questioning them. They are so good at explaining and outsmarting normal people. The few that try are most often called crack pots. Personally I have no real idea about how EME is transmitted but I do know that checking input and output of a long cable with a two probed oscilloscope it appears that a signal front is delayed except a small part that may (most likely in my opinion) travel through the air as direct EM force which is only delayed by the distance. I do not think any body really know how EME actually travel through vacuum. I think that is what we must research to gain real knowledge about EME performance in matters.