Learning about history from Torah is like learning about geopolitics from CNN.

The Jews come from the lower east side. And Brooklyn too.

So confused. When changed the jews their heritage from father to mother side. You know, the Sons of Israel and not the daughters.

So why are the Egyptians calling the land Canaan and not Israel , but mentioning them as tribe ? The Bible says the land Israel is all of Canaan . The Stele doesn't mention Israel it says Isrir which was a word for bandits from all over the region . If they were to mention them then they would have done do when they were in Egypt.

Was there an Abraham ? Did the Hebrews appropriate one of the early Hindu myths of Brahma and Sarawati as their foundation couple , Abraham and Sara ? In script without vowels Brahma and Abraham are spelled the same . Caravans brought trade and stories .

You cannot take like history a religious book

Yawn.. no proof of any Moses..

The merneptah stele says jezreel, not Israel.

Galilea is not judea

So the city of Israel preceeded Judaism.

תודה רבה על חיזוק הקשר

Finally my questions are answered. Thanks a million.

Interesting lecture.

This is so important for me. Kudos Prof Mazar!

A presentation without a map to show the various cities mentioned is a problem.

Professor Amihai Mazar in this video concluded that Israel first appears, archaeologically, in Canaan circa Iron Age I (1200 BC to 1100 BC). Their settlements exist in modern Jordan and in eastern Canaan, just west of the Jordan River. Yet the Bible suggests, with its internal chronology, that the Exodus from Egypt was circa 1446 BC and Conquest of Canaan was circa 1406 BC (see 1 Kings 6:1 for this date). The Book of Joshua informs us that Jericho's walls collapse and Joshua orders the city to bet set on fire. By the internal chronology of 1 Kings 6:1 this would be circa 1406 BC. In the 1950s Dame Kathleen Kenyon of England excavated Jericho and determined that its last defensive wall collapsed due to an earthquake and the city was thereupon set on fire by its besiegers. She dated this event to the Hyksos Expulsion from Egypt circa 1540 BC. She assumed that the Egyptians, in pursuit of the Hyksos, set Jericho on fire when the Egyptians conquered Canaan and made it part of the Egyptian empire for the next 400 years (1540 BC to 1140 BC). Of interest here, is that the Jewish Historian, Flavius Josephus (circa 70 AD) was of the opinion that the Hyksos Expulsion was the Egyptian version of the Israelite Exodus in his History of the Jews. Dame Kenyon's findings at Jericho would seem to confirm Josephus' conclusions. However, excavations in ancient Moab, the kingdom of Sihon the Amorite (modern Jordan) revealed that some sites mentioned as being conquered by Moses and Joshua were no earlier than Iron Age I (1200 BC to 1100 BC). Sites like Heshbon and Elealeah. Joshua set fire to another city, besides Jericho, the city of Hazor. Excavations at Hazor revealed the city had evidence of a very severe burning everywhere with its idols smashed to pieces. This event is commonly dated to circa the mid 13th century century by its Israeli excavators (Yigael Yadin and Amon Ben Tor). However, not many are aware that prior to their excavations, the Israeli archaeologist Moshe Dothan had done an emergency excavation at Hazor and found there two Philistine pottery sherds. This suggested that Hazor had fallen in a Philistine World of the 12th century BC NOT the 13th century BC. Pharaoh Ramseses III, circa 1175 BC, mentioned that the Sea Peoples (who incuded a group he called the PELEST) had recently conquered Coastal Canaan and sought to conquer Egypt next. he defeated them and allowed their settlement in Canaanite cities under Egyptian control. Remarkably, the Bible portrays Joshua's burning of Hazor as being done in a Philistine World, and the two Philistine sherds found at Hazor by Moshe Dothan would seem to back up this understanding. My Conclusions: Apparently the burning of Jericho's fallen walls circa 1540 BC were conflated with Hazor's burning after 1175 BC by the Bible's author. WHY? Judges 3:6-7 has the answer. After conquering parts of Canaan and Moab, Israel intermarries with the conquered peoples and serves their gods. That is to say during Iron Age I, Israel, via intermarriages with the Canaanite descendants of the Expelled Hyksos of 1540 BC, became in Iron Age II (1100 BC to 586 BC) the blood-descendants of the Hyksos who were expelled from Egypt circa 1540 BC. The author of the Book of Exodus wanted to preserve the traditions of his people (ancestors) and that included the Hyksos Expulsion being recast as the Exodus from Egypt by Moses and Joshua. When was this (the Exodus account) written? Probably in the Babylonian Exile circa 560 BC. This author had no idea how old any ancient site was that he included in his Exodus story, it would not be until Sir Finders Petrie of England would develop Pottery Chronologies that anyone would come to understand when ancient sites came into being and were abandoned. Accordingly, any ancient site from Stone Age Times to 560 BC could be a site included in the fictional Exodus account found in the Bible. And this is what archaeology has revealed, that sites from Stone Age Times to circa 560 BC appear in the Exodus narrative. See my website

People move

We had the volcan around 1500bc

come on eisraelites!! you're going to do this, you;'re going to the land of milk and nhoney!! come one!

The north was dominated by the hitites