Thanks for watching! By the way, the Kessel Run / parsec quote is addressed at length in the new "Solo" film, if you're curious. #HanYolo #CosmicSalami -- KH

The chances of shutting up a whiny know it all teen by telling him you will hit a star if you don't get the calculations from the nav computer = 100%

Without having read any extended universe stuff or anything, my brain had always processed this by assuming that the geometry of hyperspace is different from that of real space. In hyperspace, all of the physical objects are bunched much closer together, and all the open space is highly-compressed. This is how a hyperspace drive can travel through the empty space extremely quickly, but also means that when you're _in_ hyperspace, you have to be extremely careful with your navigation to actually stay _in_ the space between objects.

7:06 I don't know why but I love when he does the pause and then extends the number like that It amuses me.

Unlucky me would hit a black hole with first hyperspace try.

"Distance between our sun and the last planet, Neptune" Rip Pluto, never forget

Hello again. As we have seen in Star Wars 8 The Last Jedi, spaceships accelerate to a relativistic velocity before they enter hyperspace. We know however that even 'empty space' is filled with a thousands of atoms and ions per cubic meter of volume. Near a planet, this number might be dozens of times higher. Colliding with these atoms is harmless at the velocities we are used to in space travel (a few km/s), but as Kyle Hill says, they become a deadly radiation at relativistic velocities. My theory is that spaceships in Star Wars need to use their shields to survive this bombardment as they accelerate to enter Hyperspace. Logically, we can work out how strong their shields are by how much radiation they are absorbing. At 99.9% the speed of light, if the interstellar medium is filled with one million hydrogen atoms per cubic meter and the Millenium Falcon has a frontal cross section of 150 square meters, then it is being subjected to a flux of 22kW/m^2, which isn't much. Inside a solar system like ours, the number of hydrogen atoms increases to 5 million per cubic meter and the flux increases to 110kW/m^2. Far above a planet like Earth (1000km altitude), the atoms increase to a trillion per cubic meter... but also include a hundred billion helium atoms and ten billion oxygen ions. The total mass of all these particles becomes 5.85e-15kg/m^3 (about five picograms). Punching through them creates a flux as high as 523MW/m^2. That's like a powerful laser all over the front of the Millenium Falcon! Some of the scenes we see in the big battle of Star Wars 8 (low orbit, ~200km) and in Star Wars 7 (exiting hyperspace within the atmosphere) implies that the shields are ridiculously powerful though, with fluxes of 280TW/m^2 (!) and 100,000 EXAWATTS/m^2 respectively. Can Star Wars shields sit comfortably next to an exploding supernova? Can they just ignore collisions with stars by driving right through them unharmed? I used data from my blog post on atmospheric gas scooping: toughsf.blogspot.com/2017/09/low-earth-orbit-atmospheric-scoops.html for high altitude gas density. I used this relativistic energy calculator: hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Relativ/releng.html and this picture for the dimensions of the Millenium Falcon: brick-customs.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/dimensions2.png

Step 1: make a random jump Step 2: find yourself unable to identify your position in the galaxy Step 3: die of old age/hunger trying to get to closest star using sublight?

But we know Han’s character, he likes to bend the facts to make him look cooler. He’s a chronic BSer but we love him for it! 😂

“The last planet; Neptune” You’re just gonna do Pluto like that are you? 😢

You're right, but there is once concern. It's feasible to assume they are wanting to arrive at or near a certain location. It's also acceptable to assume this location is not just an empty location in space most of the time. With those assumptions in place, if one was to reach a target location, they would prefer extremely accurate coordinates, to avoid, say for example, a collision with the planet they chose to jump near, or falling too far into a star's gravitational influence that they chose to hide behind. Although random location choices are pretty much 100% safe, if there is a location in mind, THEN they would need accuracy.

So really, by not calculating your jumps you would 100% be lost and end up no where near anything...

I like that during the “Free Mean Path” explanation you put 24 stars on the background and had the ship fly through it. Nice attention to detail!

Perhaps "hit" in this context means "Interact with the gravity well of" and rather than a path to avoid, its a path to compensate for ,within tolerances, the gravity wells? This would make hyperspace lanes = areas of uniform gravitational interaction, expand the ranges that are inaccessible areas and give the computers something to calculate other than "where not to go"

In Star Wars, mass has an affect on Hyperspace (though this is most Legends lore I think), so when you near a large gravitational body, Hyperspace warps. It’s possible this increases the effective radius of stars and other such objects, sucking things out of Hyperspace around them. This could increase the likelihood that what Han says is correct.

Han isn't worrying about physically colliding with stellar bodies, he's worried about gravitational interference. Hyperspace interacts with gravity in such a way that it can destabilize or even abruptly abort a jump if the plotted course runs near a somewhat decent source of gravity. That would expand the radii of the "stars" quite a bit. Plus, it also means you need to account for gravity that destabilizes your course (IE you're not traveling in a straight line, you're bending around gravity wells).

I think what you may have failed to account for is the proximity to such dangers as stars a ship would normally be jumping to hyperspace from (spaceports, inhabitable planets, etc). During the referenced scene where Han makes this seemingly erronious claim, the heroes are attempting to escape from the space arount Tatooine. Since, according to Star Wars canon, Tatooine is almost exactly 1 AU from its suns, we can use our sun as a reference for calculating the possibility of hitting one of Tatooine's suns. Our sun's angular diameter from earth is approximately .5 degrees of arc on average. Therefore, looking in all directions from 1 AU from our sun, the sun takes up approximately 1/518,400 of space from earth's perspective (which comes out to about .00019%). Tatoo I and Tatoo II would each take up this much of all possible angular trajectories from Tatooine. Therefore, from its location at the time of Han's claim, the Millennium Falcon had a 1 in 259,200 chance of hitting one of Tatooine's suns. That shot is not even one in a million, kid!!! ;)

So the problem I'm seeing with this, kyle, is that in order to go somewhere meaningful, like a planet orbiting a star, instead of some random patch of space, you would indeed need calculations. If you just jump toward a star, you could potentially hit the star or one of the planet's orbiting it. And this is probably more what he's talking about because jumping into empty space isn't useful. Maybe if you are just trying to get away from the empire, you could do this and then make calculations from your new position, but fuel is also an issue. You want to make jumps to strategic positions so you don't run out of fuel before you reach your next landing where you can fuel up again. Anyway, love BSing with you Kyle.

In the 12x12x12 parsec cube, I was super excited that you actually had 24 stars in the drawing. Awesome attention to detail, I think you should nominate yourself for Supernerd this week. You deserve it. :)

The Luke Skywalker impression at 4:18 is priceless!!! I miss these videos. LOL!

You should kinda take into consideration that Hyperspace is not the same as real space. Also you dont have to hit a star directly, the problem are the mass shadows pulling you out of the hyperspace in the middle of nowhere... Since you seem to be a star wars nerd (just like me, i love it :D) maybe havea closer look at the thrawn pincer or similar manouvers that make use of hyper space and interdictor cruisers. :) other than that nice video. And nice DL-44 Blaster pistol, i saw that one ;)

Assuming this line refers to exactly what we see in The Last Jedi. This seems to suggest that just before and just after a hyperspace jump you are moving very near the speed of light. In the force awakens we also see a similar idea when Han jumps into the atmosphere of star killer base. However a name like “hyperspace” implies that you don’t actually fly through 3d space the entire distance but instead accelerate to a high speed then travel through some sort of wormhole or higher dimension so for the majority of your path you actually have very little to worry about. However on both ends of your journey you could be in trouble. This would explain why jumping into atmosphere is nearly suicidal like they say in Force Awakens because at relativistic speed even dust particles impart incredible amounts of energy that would tear apart a ship like tissue paper

Here are my thoughts on what Han was trying to get at: It's not so much about where you're passing through while in hyperspace, but it's about where you end up when you come out. The precise calculations are needed to make sure that you end up where you're supposed to be going, so that you come out of hyperspace at Alderaan (or where it used to be) instead of landing in the middle of the Maw Cluster. It was stated in the Legacy Universe books that the reason Han was able to cut the Kessel run down to 12 parsecs was because his ship had enough processing power (thanks to 3 retrofitted droid brains) to be able to chart a path through the Maw instead of around it. If he had had a ship incapable of making those kinds of calculations, instead of coming out of hyperspace in orbit of Kessel, he and the Falcon would've ended up in one of the Maw Cluster's many black holes. Thus, his assertion that calculations are about ensuring that you don't "fly right through a star or bounce too close to a supernova" aren't about safety while in motion...it's about safety when you *arrive*.

I am so happy I found this channel. Hands down one of the best on you tube.

You missed one key point, Bilobog: mass shadows. Hyperspace doesn't operate like realspace, the thing to consider isn't the physical volume of celestial bodies, but the reach of their gravity wells. If you do calculations on how much "volume" a given body's gravity well above some arbitrary threshold takes up (say, "the sphere with a radius of the distance from that object where its gravity is greater than the gravity of the ship's mass", for example, or perhaps "the sphere in which the effect of the bodies gravity across the length of the ship is detectably non-uniform") than it makes much more sense and seems truer. At least, more sense in an interpretation of the universe where lasers/plasma travel at perceptible speeds and lasers can be contained at an arbitrary length by magnets =P" Edit: Also, as others have said, the problem could be that a random jump is by far most likely to take you NOWHERE, and hyperspace jumps can be detected and followed. But given that the quote is in the context of just trying to get away from imperials shooting at them that seems...unlikely.

I haven't seen Solo yet, but is it really accurate to equate the physics and astrophysics of normal space to hyperspace? I know the Expanded Universe isn't canon anymore, but in West End Games's Star Wars tabletop RPG, hyperspace used to be traveling to a separate dimension, crossing that dimension, then exiting at a point in this dimension. Maybe in hyperspace, distances are shortened, or the volume of the galaxy far, far away is extremely condensed. It would explain why nobody ages differently while going beyond lightspeed, or why it wouldn't take 40 relative years for Han to smuggle stuff from one system to another. I mean, Han does say, "Traveling through hyperspace ain't like dusting crops." He could be referring to the dimensional compaction of hyperspace as compared to normal reality, and that's why the navigation formulae are so complex. It's just a thought... /shrug

Han was likely also referring to stars, nebula, planets, asteroids, space stations, pretty much anything that exerts a gravitational force that could change the trajectory of the Falcon. I assume your numbers where calculated for a straight line, but as we saw in The Clone Wars, hyperspace routes are not always a straight line as a ship goes around a nebula in a path to avoid it. Also it is likely that in A New Hope, Han had the coordinates for Alderran program into the ship's computer, but needed to program the safest path to Alderran, which may not have been a straight path from their location near Tatooine.

I love all the star wars stuff you do. Great job!

I really enjoy these. Thank you.

Do remember that the Millenium Falcon was at the ruins of Alderaan. Tons of planetary matter could collide with the Falcon, jumping to hyperspace might destroy it. Plus Hyperspace lanes may be the safest areas to jump, not necessarily the only paths to go through

You forgot to consider the effects of Murphy's Law in your calculations ;)

Oops. I forgot to consider that..

One of my favorite episodes so far! I like the change in the BS Icon btw

Never tell me the odds, Kyle!!

Of course that particular quote by Han only mentions stars and supernovas. But as an experienced Star Wars nerd... ahem... it is known that any object in space that can generate a sufficiently large 'mass shadow' within hyperspace is a threat. As for what objects are large enough to generate a mass shadow... that is not clearly stated as far as I am aware. Would probably be a good time for Wookiepedia or such here... but winging it: planets are good, most moons very likely, and I believe the DS-1 is even large enough. Nothing smaller than that (the mass shadow generator technology exempting). Anything without a mass shadow has no presence in hyperspace, but those that do will result in a collision. That said... while such would drastically increase the 'stellar density' variable, I suspect it is unlikely to make any meaningful difference in the calculation. Probably still safe to just... wing it, blindly into hyperspace. :3

Always wondered why Han just didn't jump (let's say) 1,000 miles from where they were to a location, change their direction a few degrees (after looking out the window to make sure nothing was in their way) jump another thousand miles or so and repeat that process to lose the Imperials. Maybe that could be something for a future show. Can you make multiple unplanned warp jumps safely?

goddammit i love this channel! Great video

Hello Kyle The space between stars/supernovas is very... empty However, what about other space items/phenomena that could ruin your day, like black holes, comets, rogue planets, things of that nature. Or would those still be included in your calculations? Take Care and Be Well

Yay science! Such an epic episode... with so much detail... Nice ending too being impaled = P

Love this nerdy stuff and your presentation of it. Having said that, did you figure on angles, origin, and end points? Seems to me the spatial density would matter a bit less considering that you’re starting and ending (presumably) in a solar system. Would the proximity to the star, planets, etc not limit your safe vectors far more than general density of space?

I think it's along the idea that large sources of gravity can possibly distort space time, and if your path directly crosses said item, that it might yank you out into a bad place. Like those warp dissapators on some legends destroyers that can break a hyperspace jump

I think you mean CXCII, for this is your 192nd episode, not your 191st. If you want evidence there are 177 official episodes on nerdist, 18 on this channel, making the total 195, subtract 3 for episodes that appeared on both, and you have a sum of 192, not 191. I spent hours looking for a scientific correction, than noticed this trivial detail, I am so happy!

Hard Work Pays off. Thank you for another very intelligent, very succinct Scientific video. You have a fun way of expressing yourself humbly & gently. My whole kitchen is watching you now. Go Science.

This will be great information for me to use in my starwars table top game! Thanks Kyle!

New band name. The lonely atom boys. Nothing but parody songs for science. They're side splittingly funny. lol

I think what Han was referring to is that when the ships detect a gravity well it jumps out of hyperspace and get destroyed. And due to the distances most ships go through to get to places stars are rather close due to relative movement.that is why the empire made the intradicter stardestroyer. Please let me be a super nerd.

Good video!!! I'm not going to argue anything because I suck at math. You also just busted what we see when Fin Hyper hops or whatever he said in Rise of Skywalker.

Excellent use of the *Wiilham Scream* sir.

That and black holes can theorically disrupt space time as it is, and some stars are absolutely massive

But this takes place “a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away”, so wouldn’t the universe be more dense at the time Han is making the jump? When is the earliest after the Big Bang that there could be an environment suitable for life, and what would be the density then (give or take a few million or so years)??

Is it just me or do the music under the intro text crawl sound more like Back to the Future than Star Wars?

Hyperlanes correspond to vectors that intersect routes leading to spatial objects with high mass and energy. Additionally their termination points would exponentially increase like a funnel the closer to a high mass object. Effectively the linear distance component would have a near zero probability of encountering anything. The asymptotic part of the vector would correspond to the proximity to an object of interest which usually corresponds to spatial objects of high mass/energy such as planets stars and nebulae. It is roughly analagous to a marble rolling on a pincushion style leather sofa. As long as the marble does not encounter any pincushion depressions it will not stop. It is however difficult to negotiate past all of the pincushion depressions to reach the end of the sofa without the marble being caught in one of the depressions.

I know other people have mentioned that it's really the gravity wells you need to worry about, since the safeties will pull you out of hyperspace or could deflect your trajectory, but another aspect of that is that once in hyperspace your ship is a tachyonic entity. It requires more energy to slow down to lightspeed, and when you lose energy you actually speed up. If you skim through the edge of a gravity well you will be moved off course, but you'll also accelerate due to drag. That also goes for the background interstellar medium although to a lesser extent. That's why Interdictors and gravity wells pull ships out (and why Holdo had to man the controls; it takes a human to intentionally "screw up" the system); your path has been changed and the drive will have to work harder to slow you down. It's also possible that since lightspeed itself is a singularity, hyperdrives might use artificial gravity tech to bend space-time to get over that point (causing the spinning stars effect, could also assist in solving time-dilation problems...), so if a sufficient mass-shadow was interacted with in hyperspace, it could damage the drive preventing the ship from ever leaving hyperspace, and that would be bad.

Since Han was going from an outer rim world (Tatooine) to an inner rip world (Alderan) in that scene, He had to compensate for the change in density of stars around each other. If he were just traveling from an outer rim world to another outer rim world he shouldn't have to worry.

What I'd like to see is a conversation/explanation of the Star Wars non-hyper-drive FTL mechanics. They have to have something since there was a piloted ship that went from Hoth to Bespin in an unspecified, but not considerable about of time.

I feel there’s more consideration of knowing where you’ll end up then obstacles. Random jumps could land you in a location where your hyperspace calculating ‘puter wouldn’t know what to do (aka Katana Fleet).

Does the mean free path take into consideration the size of the travelling particle. It looked like the formula assumed these particles to be identical to the ship making millenium falcon a star-sized ship not very convenient for smuggling.

Actually, in Cannon it is demonstrated that the Star Wars Galaxy is much more matter dense then our own Galaxy. For example, the star system that contains Geonosis is less than a parsec away from the star system that contains tattooine. And in Star Wars Legends, there are entire sections of the Galaxy essentially cut off from everywhere else because of large quantities of black holes. However, with the equation that you use there is no way that the Star Wars Galaxies is even close to 1 millionth of a percent as dense as it would need to be for Han Solo's quotes to be true. So, you win this round buddy.

Hey Kyle. I love all the Because Science videos. I want to know something. Is there anyway in real life to shield against radiation and particle blasts like in Star wars and Star Trek? If so how much energy would it take?

The thing to worry about with hyperspace is mass shadows, stars and supernovas are the worst, but anything with mass can cause problems, the more the worse with catastrophe popping up once you hit something with greater than 30% the mass of your ship, even just going through a nebula can be a problem, because A. There's the risk of it being a stellar nursery, and B. Even if there is nothing in there big enough to mess up your ship an other concern is a mass shadow pulling you wildly off course, sort of Lost in Space, sort of deal but with less time travel, and more dimension hopping, which is not a fun time. There is also the obligatory sci fi star whales, which can jump to hyperspace, and there are apparently enough of there is a realistic chance of careening into one fast enough that the resultant explosion can render a few light years of space into a hyperspace mine field, which only gets worse once other ships hit it, fortunately the routes that these space whales travel is relatively common knowledge, and most navicomputers plot around them

This is great video and interesting topic

In your opening crawl, you should've had a question mark at the end. Proper punctuation treats an ellipsis as another word in the sentence. So it should've ended with: ...?

A few things I have questions on these scenes, 1st when you see space craft arrive they just appear out of no where. Would you be able to see them coming? Another issue is u see the ships arrive and are right next to ships that are already in the area.Say you do a precise calculation on arriving at a planet destination, What if it is a highly populated space full of craft and you just arrive. wouldn't this become a major issue? How far away should you arrive and then come in kind of like ships in a harbor? Third What kind of calculations would you have to make to get to a destination. Considering all large masses will alter your path in some way and over a long distance each change will have major effect on final destination. Wouldn't you have to consider every stellar large mass object in a certain vicinity? Wouldn't hyper speed have to alter space to be able to travel faster than light? How could you figure what say a neutron stars gravitational force affect would be on the space that is altered for hyper speed? And as for Han Solo taking time to calculate his destinations and the fact that actual laser battles would not likely be missing every shot like the movies, then every shot would mean certain or near certain death vs a small change of death. Get me the hell out of there asap.

Hey Kyle A cool episode idea would be to explain how bullet ricocheting off of the alien spaceships shield occurs in Independence Day (old movie I know), or any other sci fi technology could theoretically work in the real world.

Can you talk about how slip space works from halo

I feel that the idea behind this is when your exiting hyperspace your going to want to drop out near a planet because otherwise you'd have to then travel for ages just to get to the plannet I think the idea is that there is a chance that when you drop out a little of course you could end up in the planet instead of next to it

That ending was so perfect. The best moment in The Force Awakens (the execution of the criminal Han Solo) combined with the hilariously overacted deaths of The Infinitely Boring War. Thank you Because Science for everything that you do to entertain us!

If I understand hyperspace travel in the Star Wars universe, hyperspace is a separate area of space that doesn't interact with real space. That is why they are able to travel such great distances. So when he's saying you might hit something, I think he's referring to "landing" and "taking off." You don't want to launch into hyperspace when a large object directly in front of you (like the Holdo Maneuver)" and you don't want to come out of hyperspace all willy nilly, because you might re enter real space with a planet or star in front of you, or you might come out inside of a planet or something other than empty space.

What if u are pulled from hyperspace due to black holes

what about wandering black holes? Rogue Stars or dead planets thrown from their orbits, as we learn sometimes happen, or other forms of obstacles, even their own space debris, with how many battles the galaxy a far far away has seen, unless they hav a dedicated clean up crew, that's a lot of stuff around even known hyperspace routes to navigate.

What is so interesting to me about this is the term hyperspace. Instead of the ships accelerating to the speed of light what if the ships warp space around them in such a way that they can travel along Euclidean geodesics (straight lines) within compressed space. This would be analogous to crumpling a sheet of paper so from your perspective the ends of the paper have a shorter “straight line” distance from one another. With this hypothesis you would not need to worry about relativistic speed. However there are probably a lot of other problems to worry about. Btw Kyle love the show!

Hey there, 1st-time commenter here. Regarding hyperspace travel, it could be said that hyperspace speed is more a factor of compressing the spacetime between the stars where the stars' 'shadow' projects towards the center like if you had an orange and normal space was the rind of that orange and travel through hyperspace pushes you to a specific depth of that orange as you travel from point to point. That would make traversing from point to point more hazardous as there would be less space between the stars to navigate through. While I understand what you meant about the stellar density, I think with the model I'm using that the apparent ability for stars and a supernova to ruin your day a lot more. Thanks for your time, love the series.

In star wars lore, objects create "mass shadows" in space. That's just the fictional explanation. I'd be curious to know how large of a mass shadow would be necessary

8:39 - the asteroid field in Empire was actually amazingly *easy* to successfully navigate, according to C3PO. He said, "The odds of successfully navigating an asteroid field are approximately 3,720:1!" He didn't say "the odds against," he said "the odds *of*"!

Ok lol so umm 3 things, I think. I’ll try to condense. Based on both movies and the books; 1: hyperspace isn’t light speed it is a hyper jump through “space”. It works like bending space or rather bending our interaction with space. If you jump from let’s say courasant to Endor. You aren’t traversing all of space in between, you are traversing the hyperspace in between. Look at it like this, think of a tunnel from where u are to where u want to go. All of the celestial bodies within a certain distance between those 2 points have gravity and want to pull your tunnel to them the closer your tunnel is the more force. Hence plotting a course is very important. 2: fuel is a huge factor, unless you are empire or very very rich. Using these gravity wells can lengthen or shorten the trip by great amounts. 3: if you have a destination chances are there are other planets and or shipping lanes with other ships. Planets also create gravimetric distortions in a hyperspace tunnel and if not calculated in can cause you to and up in their sun or way off target. In one book with Lando flying the Falcon, he flew through a binary star system and was sling shotted into the path of a comet due to the planets throwing him off course and the pull of the comets mass as it flew by a planet or some such technical blather lol. So ya plotting a course is extremely important.

This pretty much proves the opposite. If you want to get anywhere, you'll have to make a precise calculation or you'll just end up in some empty void, out of the middle of nowhere.

I’m REALLY disappointed that the opening crawl wasn’t done in hand written marker. Great vid after that though!

As has been established as canon through movies, books, and video games, the dangers of flying an unplotted hyperspace jump are hitting a gravity well and ending up in than unknown area. 1) The basic theory of hyperspace is that it is a nearby dimension that is close enough to our space that large gravity wells have an effect in it. One way this can be abused is by the Imperial Interdictor Cruiser, which has four massive gravity well generators that essentially lock down an area of space and prevent transit through via hyperspace or exit from the area via hyperspace. The Interdictor is placed in a hyperspace corridor for what is essentially a checkpoint in space. Obviously, large naturally occurring bodies, like moons, planets, stars, star systems, and black holes, et al, will have a similar effect. When a ship traveling in hyperspace hits a gravity well like these, two things happen. First, the hyperdrive kicks the ship back into regular space, allowing the pilot to hopefully avoid the obstacle. Second, as a result of the first reaction, the hyperdrive of most ships will be scrambled, sometimes irreparably. Larger ships, with beefier hyperdrives, can handle this scrambling better than light ships. 2) Nav computers are capable of computing the motion of all celestial objects in the known galaxy and can use that to plot a hyperspace path. Small ships can’t support a nav computer, so astromech droids are used (like R2). But, for the most part, these computers use information gleaned from plotted and regularly traveled corridors and systems. When you jump blindly, you’re almost certain to jump to an unknown area of the galaxy, and then you’d better hope your sensors can grab enough data to precisely determine your location so you can get back to a safe place in the galaxy.

I always saw the asteroid field as evidence that the galaxy far far away is just really dense and everything is a lot closer together than our own galaxy. This also helps explain how lightspeed actually gets you to different places in the galaxy at a reasonable time

What if "a long time ago" was when the Universe was significantly smaller and more dense? Because it's expanding. And because science!

Have you taken a look at swgalaxymap.com? It shows exactly how tightly packed the various systems are to each other. Not sure how much of a difference there is between your math and what the map suggests.

Few points Star Wars lore (both old and new) shows that it is much more densely occupied by objects than our own. Including multiple massive black holes. Also hyperspace lanes are not straight due to this extreme density of objects and the need to avoid high gravity. Hyperspace jumps can be stopped by high gravity, meaning that even if you don't directly hit something traveling to close could cause problems and be deadly. He was talking about jumping from one system to another meaning that there would be a greater value of objects to interact with at both ends.

In Star Wars, they travel through hyperspace who's some sort of parallel "stretched" dimension (to travel a small distance there would equal traveling a huge distance in our own). Therefore, having a course crossing a star in our dimension wouldn't be even relevant. Only the entry and exit points of hyperspace could be "hazardous" and therefore would need to be "calculate" (since aiming to exit in a specific star system, the probability to hit something get somewhat more significant). In Star Wars, they're using charted stable hyperspace routes, they can't hyperspace travel in every directions... and most of these "routes" are aligned with several planetary systems on their paths (some previously linked with "stargates", a technology from whom ancient hyperspace drives originate). However, I don't know if/how the hyperspace could be affected by gravitational objects in our own universe. In Star Trek however, warp travels imply to contract (forward the ship) and dilate (behind the ship) space/time while maintaining the ship itself in a stable space/time bubble. In itself the ships aren't moving... it's the space around them who "move". I remember having often read that they need to keep very precise space charts to avoid crossing strong gravity fields or suns/planets/blackholes etc (they can deflect small particles, most radiations and tiny objects with a deflector dish, but not a planet or a sun... and since traveling in our universe, gravity could deviate their plotting). It been mentioned quite often that they also following secured routes between the stars... so, since purposely crossing several star systems repeatedly, space charts become more relevant. This video could better be applied to Star Trek instead. :)

The calculation would change if you add other ships, planets, comets, and natural satellites right? I mean Kylo Ren's ship is smaller than a planet and still killed Admiral Holdo.

Is it possible that the calculations needed are more for exactly where you emerge from hyperspace? We can assume that you're usually trying to arrive in a star system, to visit a planet. If your exit coordinates are not properly calculated, is it possible you could end up emerging far too close to the star the planet you're visiting is orbiting around? Imagine you're playing Elite Dangerous and recall what you see when you come out of interstellar frame shift. Suddenly, there's a big star filling most of your field of vision. If you're not careful, perhaps exiting hyperspace could put you so close to a star that no amount of thrust could help you escape. Plausible? Or am I just talking out my butt?

Your videos are so cool and so smart!!! You are awsome! I can't stop laughing at every one of your videos 😂😂😂

Based upon Star Wars Rebel explanation of the Interdictor cruisers, strong gravity wells can pull a ship out of hyperspace. It is not actual collision with a star or supernova that you need to fear in hyperspace. It is getting close enough to their gravity wells to be pulled out of hyperspace. If Hyperspace uses something like a warp field to bend space in order to break the speed limits, then other forces which bend space could destabilize your warp field making hyperspace travel impossible.

What about planet's, black holes, large asteroids, other ships,ect... wouldn't those things increase the density of things you wouldn't want to hit?

Even at those odds... I really don't want to hit a Relativistic Porg during a blind jump... BECAUSE SCIENCE!!! WAA HAAAA! But seriously, what if we change those calculations to include not just massive objects like Stars, but also planets, astroids, all the way down to rocks the size of porgs? Let's ignore partials and stuff because... you know... then the odds are 100%

saw a comic once talking about a guy who made a teleporting ship. had the odds of landing in a galaxy, the odds of landing in a solar system, the odds of landing near a planet, the odds that planet had breathable air, the odds that you didnt ram into anything, and a couple others. ended up being 1 in 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000. but he did it. then the 1 in 2 hes right side up kicked in and his ship crushed him flat

It would also depend on what source you are looking at. In "New Hope," Han only mentions big things like stars and presumably planets, to include their gravity well. Other sources would be much smaller, like artificial mass shadows projected by certain Imperial ships, or even piling up asteroids in predicted hyperspace routes. Those never made much sense to me since the odds of encountering a mass even roughly equal to the Falcon would be much grater than stars, etc., and would probably make hyperspace travel impossible. Also some of the material said that the jump actually put the ship in an alternate dimension where time and distance were different than in "real space." There was even an published adventure that would make an interesting movie where the characters' ship had a hyperdrive failure and ended up in another "real space." That one had some rather hostile life forms in it.

So... Using this, the density of stuff in the universe is effectively zero. Therefore, you are a lone brain talking to oneself in abject solitary loneliness... HT to Douglas Adams.

Hey please do a video on something from Stargate because of Stargate origins.

I think the problem isn't physically interacting with stellar mass in realspace, but bouncing too close to the mass shadows of stellar masses in hyperspace. These mass shadows extend much further in hyperspace than the associated gravity well does in realspace, which in technobabble is probably a function of how hyperspace works and the speeds at which craft travel. It's why Interdictor cruisers can project a strong gravity well in realspace which then prevents craft from fleeing an entire system. This is why Solo mentions the distance rather than time regarding the Kessel Run, an area dominated by multiple large and in-close proximity black holes. Navigating a path through at speed requires much more precision due to the way mass shadows work. My guess is that tidal forces are magnified in hyperspace, both due to the peculiarities of how hyperspace works and the speeds involved. I believe there are lore examples of craft being lost forever in hyperspace, as well as examples of ships exiting hyperspace after being ripped apart by mass shadows.

Very nice and I agree completely. But one case that wasn't taken into consideration is how close you are to a large object like a sun or a planet. If you are on the ground of a planet and randomly choose a direction then I'd say you have a relatively large (around 50%) chance of picking a random direction in which you would hit the planet (depending on the curvature of the planet). As you move farther away, then this number would be lower and lower but still relatively large compared to that of the probability of hitting random stuff from random points in space. You could even calculate this with chords of a circle representing the diameter of a sun or planet, and based off of how large the chord is (how close you are to the body) then the arc length of the section of that chord divided by the full circle arc length would give you the probability of hitting the planet or sun that you are close to. The video makes sense in that if you randomly pick a point to spawn in in our universe, and draw a circles around it with chords representing the diameters of the planets and suns, then the chords would be so small, their arc lengths divided by the circumference would turn out to be insignificant; thus 0%. So if Hanny Boy was in fact close to a sun or planet, he might have had a good chance of hitting that one object.... :D

"last planet Neptune"... *Neptune* ... #NeverforgetPluto

How does your brain / eyes work at this speed? Heck how can a computer even work at these speeds? Wouldn’t sensor data simply be too far outdated to for a person or computer to make any adjustments in flight? I know you can plan ahead but you can’t plan ahead for things you don’t know and by the time you know it’s too late isn’t it?

I've always thought that the fear was never impacting something during Hyperspace, but rather when they exit hyperspace without the amount of distance necessary to avoid something. Much like we saw in The Force Awakens when they used hyperspace to fly through the shields of a planet without crashing into the planet. I think that was the true fear and in my opinion, seems much more plausible.

I love your work. I live to see a day when you make a video explaining just how much crap there would be in the missing chunk of the map alleged to exist in Farcical Recycling. My guess is that you could hide thousands of star systems and a football team of Super Star Destroyers in that blank space of map. But I would love to hear what you have to say about the matter. Keep on doing what you are doing.

Don't get cocky Kyle! Sorry, had to get an early comment in while I have the chance and leave the smart comments for the smarter people.