I like that final scene - Muslims, Jews and Christians, great men all of them, stand near each other representing glory of al-Andalus. Your channel is great!)

Thank you for this yet another great effort to shed some light on this era of our human history. I enjoy these videos a lot. I believe that it might have helped to bring the audience closer to the real picture if you gave a few comparisons with the common practice in other kingdoms of that age. In other words, were there other kingdoms where the king was of one religion and his wazir or chief of the army was of another? Without such a comparison, some viewers may subconsciously compare the situation with nowadays standards, and so miss the point. Thanks again. Great work!

While the achievemets in science and culture of Islamic Al Andalus are priceless, after watching all episodes I lean towards thinking that it was a tolerant state as long as it benefited the rulers. And for the long it it did. However, for Christian and Jewish communities it was like walking on a knife's edge because they didn't know when the muslim rulers will benefit from praching hatred to their own. It's like the moment the taifas got weak, the tolerance vanished which makes you question if it was real to begin with. Anyway Al Andalus must have been a wonderful place to see and visit in it's prime. I have been to Grenada last year and the Alhambra is just amazing.

Hello everyone - Episode 6 continues into the final part as the mighty Umayyad Caliphate is no more. Even in decline was tolerance a possibility? If you liked this - please spread word about the KZfaq channel and share on social media. Its the only way a channel like this can grow. Consider contributing on Patreon as all funds are needed and used to make videos like this possible. You can also download the podcast to go on your media player. Thank you! Chapters 0:34 - Samuel ibn Naghrillah 1041 C.E. 5:03 - Alfonso VI 1085 C.E. 10:57 - All that glitters is not gold - Epilogue

Generally the Spanish have a disdainful attitude to the Muslims of Spain and don´t give them much credit for any historical contribution. This needs a documentary.

Awesome history. I am definitely travelling to Spain within a year to visit Cordoba and Toledo within a year.

Fantastic that i got around to watching this at last! And so late, too. A good episode. And one without clear answers. A murky grey area is always fun for any historian. And the Almoravid Amirs and the Almohad Caliphs are on the Horizon! Fun times!

Great job

Alfonso married with a Arabic princess called Zaida even he had a son who died in the war agaist the almorabids and this is the reason why Urraca become queen.

Great videos!!

such a good job. Keep it up. I really love that you look at both sides and dont push one side.

Islam promotes tolerance لَّا يَنۡهَىٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ وَلَمۡ يُخۡرِجُوكُم مِّن دِيَٰرِكُمۡ أَن تَبَرُّوهُمۡ وَتُقۡسِطُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ (Sahih International) Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly. -Surah Al-Mumtahanah, verse 8 Islam promotes kindness ۚإِنَّ رَحۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ قَرِيبٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ Indeed, the mercy of Allah is near to the doers of good. -Surah Al-A'raf, verse 56

Absolutely fascinating series! That Mudéjar architecture style is stunning

Thank you for making these videos I wish you had a larger following!

Love it !! Please keep up the great work! Subscribed !!

Baghdad was a better example of tolerance and inclusion, the very design of the city highlights its inclusion. It makes sense if Caliphs felt more secured in Baghdad than in Cordoba

Subbed. This is very important for me since I deeply like history

OMG! I've gotten so far behind with watching your videos - need to go back and start spending some quality time here on KZfaq. I love your videos so much! 📌 🔔 ✔️

Can Morera tell us, when he decided that Al-Andalus was a bad example of a society in which tolerance was only a myth, to which medieval society he compared it and came up with this conclusion!

Thanks. This is fascinating!

Another great video are u gonna talk about the al moravids rule in Spain ? Or this is the end of the serie

I have a question, @2:30 you mentioned no Jew or Christian can hold high office.. what was the reason behind it?

Awesome 😎

Honestly I'm surprised a lot people accuse you of being biast while you try your best to be as much informative and unbiased as you can. At least he is better than (real crusader history) the guy who believes Richard the lionhart will go to heaven.

Excellent

Excellent video, Thank you! Side question: How does an arabisised jew or christian looks like as you said in 8:24? What is different apart from just the location where it lives ?

00:12:13 Those biasedly picked examples are like seting the reign of ab al rahman III as example of all the long period of moorish invasion, Intead of puting almanzors rule or the almoravids or almohad rule. There were isles of calm in an ocean of insanity, at times free fall. Long periods of decadence, violent transitions from one to another ruler or from one cultural, ethnic, social or dominant group to another. Those unspledourous times were the ocean, the isles were like patches: the reign of the first caliph is an example, but what did come then afterwards?.

You the master of this era!!

The allowance was having shipping and handling problems

Man great series its ironic how people lived together with love and compassion how politics and yes the religious establishment destroys peace and love among communities .. Religion is nothing to me the point is our humanity is corrupted...

The genocide suffered by the Hindus of India at the hands of Arab, Turkish, Mughal and Afghan occupying forces for a period of 800 years is considered the biggest holocaust of World history. The Indian historian Professor K.S. Lal estimates that the Hindu population in India decreased by 80 million between 1000 AD and 1500 AD, before the arrival of the Europeans. With the invasion of India by Mahmud Ghazni about 1000 A.D., began the Muslim invasions into the Indian subcontinent and they lasted for several centuries. Nadir Shah made a mountain of the skulls of the Hindus he killed in Delhi alone. Babur raised towers of Hindu skulls at Khanua when he defeated Rana Sanga in 1527 and later he repeated the same horrors after capturing the fort of Chanderi. Akbar ordered a general massacre of 30,000 Rajputs after he captured Chithorgarh in 1568. The Bahamani Sultans had an annual agenda of killing a minimum of 100,000 Hindus every year. The history of medieval India is full of such instances. The holocaust of the Hindus in India continued for 800 years, till the brutal regimes were effectively overpowered in a life and death struggle by the Sikhs in the Panjab and the Hindu Maratha armies in other parts of India in the late 1700’s. Historians have elaborate literary evidence of the World’s biggest holocaust from existing historical contemporary eyewitness accounts. The historians and biographers of the invading armies and subsequent rulers of India have left quite detailed records of the atrocities they committed in their day-to-day encounters with India’s Hindus. These contemporary records boasted about and glorified the crimes that were committed - and the genocide of tens of millions of Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhist and Jainist, mass rapes of women and the destruction of thousands of ancient Hindu and Buddhist temples and libraries have been well documented and provide solid proof of the World’s biggest holocaust. The destruction of Buddhist statues in Afghanistan by Talibans just a few years ago, prove that Arabs were not an open and tolerant society. Something very wrong is happening in the way universal history is being written.

00:04:51

I think al Qadir lost valencia to el cid , al qador was potrayed so bad in the charles helston movie el cid

Little long other wise great

I wonder if you did a video about sargon of akkad, it would probably get a lot of clicks. just a thought.

First to comment :)

"I fart in your general direction" excuse me?! That's a good reason for a whole ass crusade right here xD Also, 3:31 gandalf is that you

It was a Pax Islamica.. So long as Jews and Christians new their place they would “get along”.

I would like to ask a question: Are you Jewish?

Putting "Islam" and "tolerance" in the same sentence is an oxymoron. It's a myth that all three religions were living together in harmony. Muslims were very endogamic and supremacist. Jews and Catholics were 2nd-class citizens under the Muslim Empire. Also, Muslims were the biggest slavers of the Middle Age. Among other things, they captured 20 000 Spanish virgins that were sent to Damascus as sex slaves. That's a lot given the low population of the Iberian peninsula at that time.

As usual, the influence of Byzantine scholars on Western Europe's civilization is underestimated, and islamic influence is correspondingly overestimated. There was no exceptional need for arabic translations, due to the Byzantine/Greek inherited knowledge. Above all, through the Middle Ages, there was a considerable Greek culture in southern Italy.

Well, about peacfull coexistence. The level of the religious peace in the Umiyyad emirate was far from uncommon in the early medieval europe. Even so, that some part of europe (for example: kingdom of Hungary) was a reality even in the high medieval ages. But no one write bestsellers about the peacefull coexistence in Hungary during the house of Arpad (whose mother or grandmother was a jewish girl by the way). Why? Hungary was (and is) a landlocked country even when from the late XI. century the hungarian kings were croatian kings aswell. By theese landlocked situation, the kingdom could not reach the high of cultural and human development of the mediterran region, by its ports in croatia did not really connected the main trading rout (Danube). However the history of the emirate/caliphate show the true story, which isnt about the religious enlightment. Nor the emirate, nor the caliphate, nor the taifa states could recruit the sufficent number of soldiers from their land. Against whom? The most sparsely populated lands of the iberian penninsula. The christian kingdoms in this time and region had maybe 8% of the population of the penninsula, but they could be a real threat even for the caliphate. How so? Easy. The kingdoms could fill their armies ranks from the local peoples, while the muslim states could not or in an ineffective way. But why not or in an ineffective way? Simple because even the ones who converted to islam were not considered trustworthy by the ruling class of the muslim states, not to mention the christians and jewish people. Of course they could join to the standing army, but the ruling class did not support the militarization of the local communities. By this, in case of need they could not raise an army from the locals, so any major loss hampered their military capabilities for a long time. While their northern neigbours - by this militarization - could replace even their lost professional soldiers (the knights) within a few years. Then why we believe in this peacfull coexistence? Because two things. First, it is a nice myth from a golden age. Second, because the iberian penninsula is in great position for human development by its geographical position if the penninsula is not in a permanent turmoil with itself. The emirate and the caliphate could provide this for several generations, and the early medieval states usual “tolerance” was much higher than the usual in the high and late medieval ages.

Nice to see an open minded, unbiased historical account. Al - Andalus was by no means a perfect society, but the portrayal of Islamic Spain in such films as Charlton Heston's El Cid are bit one sided and do not really tell the whole story.

If u go to history muslims saved alot Jews throu out the history from christianitions

Two thumbs up for the effort put in and amount of information provided in the series of videos of the different topics you have done flash point history. However from the bunch of videos I've watched so far there appears to be a slight bias from yourside, and for that I give one thumbs down

Arabs jews and gypsies created flamenco dancing also southern Spain it use to be ruled by moroccans. Al andalus will always be Muslim Jewish place. Toda Baruch hashem Adonai. Akbar mashalla Shanti namaste Jan . Long live middle East in Spain ole

Early on muslims in Christian areas too where treated a lot better. Once the religious fanatism took over all "heretics" of the wrong religions did get treated worse over time. Also in the muslim "states".

Enjoying your posts. I notice that Moreras book has caused some consternation among academics. Some of the reviews have been scathing. Given that his book was published by ISI, perhaps the oldest conservative think tank in the US points to today's political debates. I stopped reading this book when it found its way into arguments used by the alt-right.

The Jews opened up the gates of Toledo and allowed the Muslims to take their first city, so when they were massacred by their Muslim brothers in Granada in 1066 and their grand vizier was nailed to the cities gates I cared little

Sephardic Jews changed so many things in the context of western esotericism.

So many misleadings

Morera is a false intellectual who refashions history with his own prejudices... A man who calls exception any fact that debunks his prejudices and exposes his interested constructs !!!

Excellent