Isotope fractionation

Рет қаралды 63,632

Callan Bentley

Күн бұрын

An introduction to isotope fractionation

Пікірлер: 92

@ILOVEGGC 8 жыл бұрын

This 17mins is better than the 50mins in my school's leture

@nicozhang1132 7 жыл бұрын

true

@ericjoseph2122 2 жыл бұрын

Absolutely

@antonioclimax8346 9 жыл бұрын

This is one of the best explanations I've ever come across. Thanks Callan.

@justinparker9303 6 жыл бұрын

Terrific video, thanks a lot for the time. You've explained these concepts thoroughly and clearly. This video, as a complete introduction to isotope fractionation, is unparalleled in its quality.

@KenDBerryMD 4 жыл бұрын

Excellent primer on Isotope Fractionation

@heatherlerner 9 жыл бұрын

Excellent intro to isotopes and fractionation--assigned it to my class. Thanks!

@nericerezo7625 8 жыл бұрын

you make all this isotope fractionation stuff right and clear. I`m dealing with the PETM and, as you say, some issues are somewhat tricky. Greetings from Mexico!

@edenmagana4673 5 жыл бұрын

These 17 minutes were the best of my day...even, when you finished I said that´s all (referring me to...I want to hear more)...it´s extremely easy to hear you and understand you...MANY THANKS!

@mahmoudhasan6666 8 жыл бұрын

Thank you Callan. By far the best video out there explaining isotope fractionation. It would have been nice to include potential energy well and how fractionation is related to temperature. I would love to see more of those video about proxies used in paleoclimate. Cheers.

@rapauli 8 жыл бұрын

This is a terrific presentation. Thank you so much. Helps one understand the fundamental background science. Now I better understand how those charts and graphs are generated. More please.

@danielmercado9575 5 жыл бұрын

This has been such a great explanation and so easy to understand. Thank you so much!

@avonalexson1294 5 жыл бұрын

Wonderfully clear explanation, the best I've heard. Please make more.

@callanbentley 9 жыл бұрын

To "A kuitin": isotope fractionation isn't "of an" atom, but is "between" atoms. It's the separation of isotopes by different weights. Sometimes this fractionation is mass dependent, as in the examples discussed in this video, and sometimes it's mass independent, as with sulfur isotopes in early Earth history. Perhaps it would help to think of the mass difference between isotopes as a % of the total mass. Hydrogen vs. deuterium is huge then: 200% more mass in D than H. But with U-235 and U-238, that percentage is much smaller relative to the whole. It's only about a 1% difference: apparently not enough to make a difference to the physical systems which would fractionate smaller atoms of different isotopes.

@luisasalce900 2 жыл бұрын

A very clear explenation! Thank you so much!

@MadFCE2012 9 жыл бұрын

Great explanation about isotope fractionation. Thank you very much!!!

@55lorus 5 жыл бұрын

Great explanation - you make it so simple. Keep producing videos!

@Ging_10 6 жыл бұрын

Thank you for the clear and simplified presentation. I was looking for that equation of how to calculate the D excess using the VSMOW and its much clearer now.

@joshbutters1961 6 жыл бұрын

Amazing and very clear, thank-you!

@MohammadAli-sg8bj 3 жыл бұрын

Damn, i never knew stable isotopes could be that easy, please keep on making these videos.

@namesan1718 2 жыл бұрын

Great video! Thank you so much for making this work :)

@PlayNowWorkLater 2 ай бұрын

The measuring of Hydrogen isotopes is new to me. Makes sense. My understanding is what you mention later in the video, in measuring the oxygen isotopes stored in oceanic creatures, like diatoms, that use the oxygen available at the time to generate a shell. And then when that creature dies and it sinks to the bottom of the ocean. Over time you get ocean floor layers that are sometimes rich in Oxygen 16/18 alternating with ones that have lower in oxygen 16, as they have evaporated and been stored in ice sheets. Cool presentation though, much more thorough in the whole picture. Your students are lucky to have a teacher like you.

@sinzianathurm946 6 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!!! This was beautiful & so easy to understand! :)

@pallavinayak6345 4 жыл бұрын

The way he explained is just amazing....thanks a lot.

@nawazkhan-eo8fv 3 жыл бұрын

Just brilliant. Thank you.

@tiatistimaren 4 жыл бұрын

What a wonderful explanation...thank you!!

@rensdyret 9 жыл бұрын

Taking "Paleoclimate" as a course at Copenhagen University and this is amazing!!

@anastassiyatchaikovsky6427 3 жыл бұрын

Very good and clear explanation! Thank you very much.

@fridtjofsobanski359 3 жыл бұрын

Awesome, this helped me so much! Thanks alot!

@dustinheese 3 жыл бұрын

KZfaq recommend this to me and it helped remind me of something I needed to know. I'd already liked the video previously..not sure when. Thanks!

@minamazaheri3898 2 жыл бұрын

Great explanations which helped me a lot to understand the isotope fractionation very well. Many thanks .

@seshasainishmakurapati710 5 жыл бұрын

thank u, nice presentation..now i understood clearly.thank u

@tylerjaglal666 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much for this valuable information!

@bobbyyankey5967 7 жыл бұрын

Alright, much clearer illustration. Thank you very much for the video, Callan.

@geobrume5416 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent presentation

@ardhi108 7 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much for the lecture. It's really easy to understand :-)

@taladiv3415 7 жыл бұрын

Well explained and helps put concepts in place.

@manishaluthra6516 4 жыл бұрын

Sir great video.. Thankyou....

@explorers7547 9 жыл бұрын

Great work.

@cheemakhaled2092 4 жыл бұрын

I love the Detective work of "travelling" back in Time

@nicozhang1132 7 жыл бұрын

It is very useful! Thanks a lot!!!

@shradhasingh1823 6 жыл бұрын

Thanks sir...it is very helpful!

@roadrageYXE 7 жыл бұрын

Great video, thanks!

@manaskar3737 4 жыл бұрын

Very useful,,

@Envnmt 6 жыл бұрын

A very nice lecture.

@devaney18 7 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for this!!!!

@MUSARNA 8 жыл бұрын

Excellent. Thanks very much

@pooriamohammadzadehshaghoo2448 Жыл бұрын

amazing video

@shaikhhasina6751 3 жыл бұрын

Amazing lecture !

@dilshananuranga3161 9 жыл бұрын

thank u sir. realy great

@bid_zy1930 5 жыл бұрын

Best explanation

@rouzbehgh1606 2 жыл бұрын

very practical and simple

@mercygift3631 7 жыл бұрын

this is great thank you

@rezahasibuan5089 9 жыл бұрын

very helpfull, thanks

4 жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@AsgharAli-dz4nq 3 ай бұрын

Brilliant

@MohammadAli-sg8bj 3 жыл бұрын

your voice is so crisp

@nikolzelikova5887 9 жыл бұрын

Firstly, thank you for the best explanation! I just have one question: 18O, OCEAN PART (12:44): T is growing, amount of 18O in ocean decreases due to higher amoutn of E, so the number in numerator is lower too, hence the result of ratio is lower because we are dividing by higer number of 16O? But 16O is lighter than 18O in any occasion, so during that warmer period the ratio should be still higher than in colder periods (amount of evaporated 16O is higher than amount of 18O) but evidently my cogitation is not right, so what am I missing :D

@maddiemcshinee 8 жыл бұрын

THANK YOU!!

@TheSultrySalesman 3 жыл бұрын

Why do you show delta deuterium in one slide as the ratio of D/H, then in the next slide show delta deuterium as the ratio of H/D? That would cause the inverse, wouldn't it?

@TR-rx5ej 5 ай бұрын

From where extra neutrons come into nucleus of carbon 13 and carbon 14?

@pratyushanand6980 6 жыл бұрын

like delta o-18 two cases should be there for delta-D ! please clarify my curiosity.

@prateekyadav9811 4 жыл бұрын

THANK YOU!!!

@mamirza86 8 жыл бұрын

great thanks

@hollowmoon7636 4 жыл бұрын

Is this an equilibrium or kinetic fractionation process? I'm unsure of their differences

@osnatmarzook4453 6 жыл бұрын

thank you thank you thank you

@farrishdaniel2179 3 жыл бұрын

thank you so muchh

@Vishnoipraveen 6 ай бұрын

Hello Challan at 08.31 you have used H/D instead D/H as in Oxygen 18O/160 I am bit confused the heavier isotope should be in numerator as in the formula

@Francisssssssss 8 жыл бұрын

hey Callan, many thanks for this enlightening video! One curiosity-question: for which elements is this isotope fractionation method available? Are rare earth elements also included, e.g. Cerium, Yttrium...? Can the isotope fractionation be employed in an industrial scale? Cheers!

@callanbentley 8 жыл бұрын

I'm not sure I could quote a complete list to you of all elements that have stable isotopes that get fractionated in geological systems, but there are big ones like covered here, and some rare ones too, and there are even some like sulfur that were fractionated on means other than mass in early Earth's different conditions.

@Francisssssssss 8 жыл бұрын

+Callan Bentley thanks for you reply, if you have that list at hand and the time to quote it here it would be great, I am completely new in this topic

@SrikanthGDr 5 жыл бұрын

Nice presentation. Wondering if there is evidence that life - plants have methods to select C12 (Not C13) during photosynthesis? Is it simply an axiomatic Model? As a consequence, all animals that survive on plant source of food, also needs to be C12 based without C13.

@callanbentley 5 жыл бұрын

Hello - There certainly is evidence that they have "methods" in that when we measure plants' C signatures, we find a higher 12C/13C ration than in the ambient CO2. I cannot speak to the biochemical discrimination mechanism in detail, though - but the result is empirically measurable in modern plants. You're right about the trophic cascade - all else being equal, the "downstream" organisms (primary consumers, secondary consumers, etc.) would carry that same ratio forward.

@nandikagirish4887 Жыл бұрын

At time 8:46 , why is it written delta D =H/D...It should be delta D= D/H right?

@AndresRamirez-dz8kd 15 күн бұрын

8:20: for the summary, what is the sample (water or ice) from which you calculate H/D? thank you

@callanbentley 15 күн бұрын

Either

@patldennis 2 жыл бұрын

great explanation! you need a microphone shield however!

@flowerpowerocks3283 7 жыл бұрын

Thankyou, just to be clear this is an example of equilibrium isotope fractionations.

@ku_teen 9 жыл бұрын

quick question who would answer the question "what isotope fractionation? because i get the concept of how it can be used to to deduce paleoclimates but what exactly is isotope fractionation of an atom fundamentally. for example when they say U 235 and 238 have little natural factionalism naturally but like H 1 and 2 deoes. what does that mean?

@depressedrobot2491 7 жыл бұрын

Probably not relevant for you anymore, but I'll respond that anyways. Isotope fractionation exists when there exists some mecanism that prefers one isotope over another. For example evaporation "prefers" lighter water molecules over heavier molecules. This means that lighter water molecules are more likely to evaporate than heavier molecules. This natural process tends to enrich the oceans in Deuterium (because they have a hard time getting out) and enrich the atmosfere with normal Hydrogen. U235 and U238 on the other hand have no or very little natural fractionalism, because there is no important process that prefers U235 over U238 or viceversa. To name some examples: None of those two uranium isotopes "evaporate" in our atmosfere, so you cannot say that U235 evaporates more readily than U238. Also, there are no living organisms that use Uranium, so by logic there exist no living organisms that prefer one isotope of uranium over the other.

@akashdesai7317 2 жыл бұрын

Sir, please discuss waht is mass fractionation?

@StereoSpace 8 жыл бұрын

Mil - Abbreviation from Latin: millesimus - one thousandth.

@jessleita6414 6 жыл бұрын

thaaaaaankssss

@Paul-pd9uw 5 жыл бұрын

Good job, too bad N-isotopes weren't included though.

@jollyjokress3852 4 жыл бұрын

flavours....

@peruviangames9450 2 жыл бұрын

ta bien explicado

@shielas 4 жыл бұрын

Why I didn't watch this Video before my terrible class..

@KerriEverlasting Жыл бұрын

Back when science was still science.

@elgrandarwinpc 8 жыл бұрын

Carbon 13C : kzfaq.info/get/bejne/rJaUmq1lr7Oyonk.htmlm16s

@stephenoni2019 4 жыл бұрын

why didn't you mention the influence of water vapor on atmospheric temperature. Water vapor is a bigger player in global temperature than CO2. Regardless, thank you for the video!

@callanbentley 4 жыл бұрын

Because that's not the focus of the video?