K21 전투장갑차(IFV) Bofors 40mm 기관포 발사장면 K40 Redback AS-21 Infancy Fighting Vehicle 육군 ADEX ROKA
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1999년부터 한국 국방과학연구소(ADD) 주관으로 K21 개발에 대한 타당성 검토와 기본설계에 착수하였고 2005년 초에 두산인프라코어와 주요 방산업체가 시제품 3대를 제작했다. 개발 비용은 1999년부터 2007년 개발 완료 때까지 총 910억이 투입되었고 양산을 거쳐 2009년 11월 말부터 군부대에 배치되었다
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최고속도 시속 70km이고 야지에서는 시속 40km로 주행할 수 있으며 `에어백 부양장치'를 통해 수상에서도 6km/h 이상의 속력으로 운행할 수 있다.
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7.62mm 기관총과 보포스(Bofors) 40mm / L70 기관포와 동일한 탄약규격의 기관포가 장착되며 기관포에는 고폭소이탄(K216 HEI-T), 날개안정철갑탄(K237 APFSDS-T)과 복합기능탄(K236 MMFA,3P) 등 3종의 탄을 사용할 수 있다. 현재 개발 중인 한국형 중거리 대전차 미사일을 탑재할 경우 전차까지 파괴할 수 있는 화력을 지니게 되고 7.62mm동축기관총으로 제거하기 힘든 근거리 적 보병을 K6 중기관총으로 제거할 수 있는 화력을 발휘한다. 또한 특수탄을 장전할경우 강력한 화력의 40MM포를 바탕으로 적군 회전익 항공기를 저지할수 있고, 격추도 기대할 수 있다.
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BMP-3급 장갑차에 대응하기 위해 불곰사업을 통해 한국군이 보유한 BMP-3가 동원되어 전면기준 30mm 기관포에 대한 방어력, 측면과 후면의 경우 14.5mm 중기관총에 대한 방어력, 그리고 10m 고도에서 공중 폭발하는 러시아의 152mm 자주포의 파편도 막을 수 있게 만들어졌으며, 소프트킬 장치도 갖추어 대전차 미사일방어도 가능하다
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A replacement for the South Korean K200-series infantry fighting vehicles, formerly designated as K300 or XK21 KNIFV (Korea Next-generation Infantry Fighting Vehicle), is currently called the K21. The initial production began in 2009, with the Republic of Korea Army planning to field approximately 466 units. It is designed to effectively defeat other IFVs as heavily armed and armored as the BMP-3.
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Development began in 1999. A $77 million contract was awarded to Doosan DST for the NIFV prototype in 2003. Three prototype vehicles were delivered to the ROK Army in 2005. A contract for the first batch of K21 vehicles was signed in October 2008 worth $386.7 million. Production began in November 2009 after a ten-year development period. K21s will be deployed from 2013 through 2016.
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The K21 KNIFV's chassis is constructed entirely out of fiberglass, reducing the weight of the vehicle and enabling it to travel at higher speeds without bulky and powerful engines. The NIFV is to be lighter than other IFVs, including the American Bradley series, increasing both speed and payload.
The design was finally deemed production-ready in 2009, following 10 years in development and a research budget expenditure of approximately USD $80 million. More than 85% of the vehicle's design is domestic. However a redesign is in order following the sinking of two vehicles while engaged in amphibious operations. A board of inquiry found that the problem was a lack of buoyancy, a malfunctioning wave plate, and a technical problem with the drain pump, all of which are to be corrected in the new design.
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The two-man turret on the K21 is armed with an S&T Dynamics K40 40 mm cannon[3] capable of firing APFSDS, high-explosive, smoke and multipurpose munitions, and a 7.62 mm machine gun. This is combined with an advanced fire-control system and gun stabilizer usually found on third-generation main battle tanks that makes the K21, together with the German Puma, able to move and engage the targets with high degree of accuracy at the same time. The ammunition for the autocannon is stored under the turret. The 40 mm cannon can fire up to 300 rounds per minute, with a projectile velocity of up to 1,005 m/s (3,300 ft/s). The improved APFSDS rounds fired from it is able to penetrate up to 160-220 mm (6.3-8.7 in) of armor, slightly higher than other APFSDS rounds, due to the self-sharpening process as the round penetrates the armour.
The multipurpose munition (한글: 복합기능탄) has several modes including proximity, air burst, armour-piercing and fragmentation. The mode is configured by the K21's FCS, which then transmits the necessary data to a small programmable fuse system inside the round before it is fired. This allows more control over the trajectory and impact of the round, expanding the scope of possible targets from medium armored vehicles to aircraft and infantry personnel.
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Although not much is known about the composition of the K21's armour, the frontal armour of the vehicle is specifically designed to protect against large caliber automatic cannon rounds, primarily the 30 mm APDS munitions (30×165mm) for 2A72 automatic cannon used on BMP-3, which has approximately 50 mm (2.0 in) armour penetration at ranges of 1,000 m. The side armour is designed to protect against 14.5 mm AP rounds, which has approximately 25 mm (0.98 in) armour penetration at 1,000 m. The top can withstand fragments from 152 mm artillery shells exploding as close as 10 meters. It has been confirmed that the composite armour comprises S2-glass fibre and Al2O3 ceramic including lightweight aluminium alloy.
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