HOW TO MAKE INDUCTION HEATING, NON-CONTACT HEATING WITH MAGNETIC FIELD
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Induction heating systems work according to the principle that the electric current formed on the metal material placed in a strong electromagnetic field, releases heat due to the internal resistance of the material. Discovered by Michael Faraday, induction begins with a coil made of conductive material (such as copper). Current flowing through the coil creates a magnetic field in and around the coil. The ability of the magnetic field to do work depends on the coil design and the amount of current flowing through the coil.
The direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of current flow, so the alternating current passing through the coil will cause the direction of the magnetic field to change at the same rate as the frequency of the alternating current. 60 Hz AC current causes the magnetic field to change direction 60 times in one second, 400 khz AC current causes the magnetic field to change at the same rate as the alternating current frequency. It causes it to change direction 400,000 times per second.
When a workpiece of conductive material is placed in a changing magnetic field, it induces voltage in the workpiece. With the induced voltage, it leads to the flow of electrons, that is, current. The current flowing in the workpiece is in the opposite direction to the current in the coil. This means that we can control the current in the workpiece by controlling the frequency of the current in the coil.
When current flows through a material, a resistance is created against the movement of electrons. This resistance manifests itself as heat. Materials that are more resistant to electron flow will generate higher heat when current flows through them.
In induction heated products, heat transfer to the product surface does not occur through convection and radiation mechanisms. Instead, heat is generated on the product surface due to the current flowing through. Then, the heat generated on the surface of the product is transferred into the product by thermal conduction. The depth at which the heat generated by the directly induced current will reach depends on the reference depth.
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