Hello Doc I love the way you lecture on difficult subjects that a layman can understand. I have your course guidebooks on The Theory of Everything and The Evidence for Modern Physics plus your lectures. You are truly a wonderful lecturer. I'm 68 and your lectures and guidebooks keep me sharp.

The last question "If we finally figure out the theory of everything, what can we do with that knowledge?" I love Don's first reaction!

you doing it for me Don thank you, im fascinated and in awe.

I can never focus on any smart information for more then 5 minutes... BUT THIS MAN... I'm speechless. I've been watching him for hours

You are a incredible scientist and educator sir!! Wow!! So clear and we'll spoken. Thank you so much!

I just started watching this but I hope Dr. Don tells us the secrets of the time crystals in this lecture. Don we have to go back.. back to the future!

Dr. Lincoln has an extraordinary gift for explaining complex subjects to nonscientists like me.

My enjoyment of the subject is so much greater than my understanding. Time well spent.

Another great video. Thank you Dr. Lincoln!!

im so glad im watching this video on my MacBook pro, in 2020 i feel so lucky to be alive right now im a huge fan of science for what its given so far and what it promises for the future i think technology is evolving as quick as we are its astonishing. im so glad Dr Don Lincolns frank assessment of ours and our current understanding of the Universe, i love this kind of KZfaq content.

Dr. Lincoln, Thank You for the videos. I am impressed with your perspective on these subjects.

I appreciate Dr. Lincoln's handling of the reference from Einstein. Too many times, academics will dress down people of faith, thinking that because they have been trained to a high level, that they know everything. Nobody knows everything.

Most fascinating marvellous lecture ever I saw listen and digest thanks🙏🙏🙏🙏

Dr Don introducing himself is solid gold, and extremely funny.

Haha! How Don introduced himself for the video was so good! I could listen to his lectures all day

THANK YOU PROFESSOR LINCOLN...!!!

That was a fascinating and comprehensive presentation. I was impressed by what we know as a species, and your honesty about what we don't know in Physics. This was the first time that I heard that there are different types of "Dark Matter." I will now think of that in the plural. Thanks

Excellent! Thank you.

Maybe the best science talk I have ever heard. Thanks

I've been watching Susskind's cosmology lectures and this stitches together much of that content. Thanks for the upload. Fascinating!

Thank you so much,Mr Donald Lincon

Who else is addicted to the fermilab lecture series !?

I had no idea that quarks move at almost light speed. The questions brought out some very interesting answers.

Thank you! Awesome as always

Absolutely well done and definitely keep it up!!! 👍👍👍👍👍

Various particles interaction with Higg's field analogy with human and fish interaction with water is really interesting.

I liked this a lot, a very good summary of ToE. This lecture made much more sense than the other short clips that usually have the third comic, the rest topic, but too short for any good argumentation. I only wished for a mention of the scientists, who are currently working seriously with the topic.

Thank you so much

I loved this thank you for posting ❤️

I’ve been looking forward to this

thank you so much for this!!!! please do more long form videos.

Am I the only one that hopes Dr. Don is directly responsible for the next big physics breakthrough? And us and the next generation puts his name up there with the likes of Einstein!

Love Dr. Lincoln's conversational style. I also appreciate the humility from a dang smart fella. "We know what mass is... at least we think we do".

thanks Doctor Lincoln, that was a fascinating lecture.

Fantastic lecture, thank you Professor and Fermilab.

It's always fascinating listening to Don talk -- much of what he says I have to revisit before I get it, but it's worth the effort!

Now that was really an awesome lecture & discussion Dr. Don! A few of the questions that you answered at the end were also on my mind as well........Be well & stay safe............ 👏👏👏👏👍👍👍👍

Thank you

Thanks, Nice QA session!

While doctor Don was explaining current Standard Model, something crossed my mind: 1. We still didn't detect graviton. 2. Higgs field gives mass to particles and matter. 3. Mass is curving the space giving the sensation of gravity. q: Is Higgs field in any way pathway to explaining gravity and/or detecting graviton?

Excellent explanation of TOE in context to QM and GR , QED , dark matter and dark energy , space time , forces and the laws of nature with unknown and unexplained cosmic mysteries and the God particle , hypothesis of God's thought and antimatter and anti-gravity and antiparticle mystery .

Thanks. Great Lecture.

Very nice overview. Because the big picture was also put in en historical perspective, I think it has been long waiting before you also credit Anglert and you might also have mention the antecedent discorveries in relativity of Pointcarré.

The G-2 experiment sounds quite interesting. I would like to hear more about it to gain a better understanding of the importance of measuring the speed of procession of the rotating charged heavy electron once it is placed in the magnetic field. I hope you will talk more about this, and definitely share more once the experimental results are in. Thanks.

Loved the talk. Im so over news.

This is exactly what Im lying awake at night over. Sence I was a kid. Loved how you used ourselves as an example. Thats what Ive been thinking of too. If we can get some of the missing pieces by looking at everything with "different eyes" or with other messurment methods or tools. Is your course for free, and how did you mean us younger can help solve this mysteries? Also, thank you for this very interesting video. 😊🙏

That was a great lecture. Thanks Don.

Any mention of the timeron particle that controls time, and the xyzeron particle that control space?

Super cool explanations

It seems we expect lot of DM surrounding all galaxies in order to explain rotational velocity of their distant stars much higher than those of planets in solar systems, in other words that Newton’s laws when applied to galaxies demand this DM amount. But I have heard that DM permeates also our solar system , then it should be already accounted for in Newton’s laws! The fact we are looking for DM since more than 30 years without any success, in my opinion, is that there should be another reason to explain those unexplained higher velocities and we had better disregard DM at all.

What a great and clear concise lecture!!! And funny and entertaining at that...amazing. Thanks for the upload.

Amazing content !!

At 4:55 where it says 'Forces', I was going to mention this sort of model could be the distribution of matter/antimatter in the universe if the initial release was mostly polar, and our visible space would be on one of the two sides. In that scenario there could be a mid point that is less dense as per matter?

Beautifully exaplained. Really amazing presentation.

Don is the man.....................

In the end of his famous book «A brief history of time» Hawking wrote that until now scientists have been concerned about new theories about what the universe is, while the question why has been for philosophers. But on the 19-20 century, science became so technical and mathematical advanced, that according to the philosopher Wittgenstein, what is left for the philosophers is to analyse the language. What a regression from the great philosophical tradition from Aristoteles and Kant. But if we really find a theory of everything, it’s general idea ought to become much understandable by everyone, so that everyone can take part in the discussion of why we and the universe exist. If we find that answer, it will be the final triumph for the human sense, because we will know God’s meaning. Later he commented this last statement as if he was not quite serious about it, it was not so important to him compared to what else he wrote, but it became important in the mass media and for the readers, so he meant it made his book sell far better. It was a philosophical statement and he also was allowed to be philosophical about science. But on the foundation of the gospel of Jesus Christ, we all have the right to try to find answer to these questions and we better find it here first of all. Because God created everything with his Word, so he already has a theory of everything. Jesus is God's Word, everyone who received him he gave right to become children of God. Then God loves us and cares for us and teaches us as his children.

The audio levels are so low, at full blast it is barely understandable.

it's great to see Fermilab repping the United States with awesome scientific discoveries and encouraging future generations of scientists.

Great video Dr Lincoln, There are so many problems with the current models, compressed space / distance physics does solve them IMO ;-) What we don't have is skin theory, here's a page I wrote in response to the "on the shoulders of Everrett" videos ... Skin Theory Introduction. I've watched a few of this series now and you all are up against Particle Skin versus Particle Static Structure physics, or in my words "Skin Theory". The Static Structure is the Heat Density packet of the particle. i.e. heavily time-dilated/compressed because of temperature, measured by QCD temperature frequency and inverse square law e=1/(R2/R1)^2 The "Entropic/Information/Kinetic/Entanglement/Any interaction event" are all remembered in the 0C^3+ side of the 1C^3 particle.(which is a density harmonic of the core 10^4.5 degree Celsius photonium particle (which is not visible because x,y,z compression has gone less than plank (i.e. C^3 scale is a temperature-distance x,y,z compression scale in the metric system))) I've only just started to write the skin pages for Relativity as I know it, and I thank you all for helping me with the question. If you followed the above, here's the problem the theory throws at me ... - Particles with temps of 10^18°C have a time-dilation of 4.e+34 seconds to one. This means that no matter how much energy we throw at the electron the core energy that makes it persist will not show any movement for 1.271e+24 Years! (These particles are less than Planck and only reflect back into our space because of x,y,z space spacial entanglement i.e. Gravity WISC or WIMP) - The only way for any kind of interaction that we call matter in space (i.e. move an atom in any direction or induce electric current) is for the skin to zero°C aperture to "snap" across the golf ball of preexisting SR space particle weights" (this does give us Inertial resistance to any movement which is a yay! event for me but also demands superposition of all the stacked particle weight skins back to zero°C which have time-dilations of 16 and 4 seconds which could also be problematic, my answer is currently they all "snap" and an invisible SR particle weight has two skins, the outside skin can distort and become "visible" and "disappears" once the atom/particle has moved past ;)) So lets say we apply this "Field of holes" theory to laser beam quantum entanglement. - The laser emits particles that are an aperture in our space that exhibits a temperature of x°C - On the C^3 scale the photon itself is x+1C^3 and x+1°C weight scales. - The QCD temperature frequency of both lasers is consuming space which contains "potential" apertures. - The aperture space inside the box can only replenish itself at C. - The potential for a "Sympathetic" photon to appear is anywhere in the distance between the two lasers spacial phase causes an aperture to grow, an aperture with a primed harmonic of both laser temperatures. - All photons in the equation are balanced through the flow of space towards the apertures causing temperature frequency phase equivalence. - If you change the ambient temperature inside the box you should be able to moderate the entanglement effect by removing all particle weights "lighter" and exposing the desired SR particle weight where you want entanglement to occur. Cheers, Thankyou againI appreciate your time(s) I'm gonna throw this out to the QGR as well. M.B.Eringa (2022)

Excellent as always 🐸

One hour and twenty minutes of Dr. Don?!?!?!! 👏🎉🤩

18:35 nice illustration there. Tesla said to think in patterns of 3,6 and 9. as in: 3 fundamental forces: electroweak, qcd and gravity, from which result 6 more forces. There doesnt need to be something smaller, its all resonance and feedback loops from there.

Thanks Dr.Lincoln ! That was really riveting!

How is all this financed? Which would also be a fascinating lecture. Thank you.

Black hole space question below. What would happen if we chart space as a field rather than time?, along an accelerating object? For example if black hole’s field space rotate and expands for speeds above that of light, Could we then say it’s space preventing objects from going faster. (Use one photon in this example to exclude photonic time)

Wow! Excellent talk Don, fascinating and very informative! I don't know if you're taking questions for Subatomic Stories or the like here, but I had a couple questions: - When you say that the Standard Model predicts that particles are massless, in what way does it do that? - What are some example problematic infinities that pop out when you try to apply general relativity to the quantum world?

Got to watch this a little later but I really like the title of the video, especially considering your reasoning for naming it. I think the people who get caught up in an argument over the correctness, political or otherwise, of the title really shouldn't be watching this in the first place 😂🤣. I'm a Christian and have zero problems with anyone else's views, just so long as they are respectful of others views too. I'm looking forward to watching this, I hope it's as good as as it started out 🤞

The level of mathematics and the problem solving difficulty in Quantum Mechanics is far more simpler than that that encountered in Classical or Newtonian mechanics.

Fermilabs next project needs to involve studying how microphones work

ha, "below quarks, there be dragons." Don is great.

Awesome

Don we love u man.

Conservation of Spatial Curvature (both Matter and Energy described as "Quanta" of Spatial Curvature) Is there an alternative interpretation of "Asymptotic Freedom"? What if Quarks are actually made up of twisted tubes which become physically entangled with two other twisted tubes to produce a proton? Instead of the Strong Force being mediated by the exchange of gluons, it would be mediated by the physical entanglement of these twisted tubes. When only two twisted tubules are entangled, a meson is produced which is unstable and rapidly unwinds (decays) into something else. A proton would be analogous to three twisted rubber bands becoming entangled and the "Quarks" would be the places where the tubes are tangled together. The behavior would be the same as rubber balls (representing the Quarks) connected with twisted rubber bands being separated from each other or placed closer together producing the exact same phenomenon as "Asymptotic Freedom" in protons and neutrons. The force would become greater as the balls are separated, but the force would become less if the balls were placed closer together. ------------------------ String Theory was not a waste of time, because Geometry is the key to Math and Physics. However, can we describe Standard Model interactions using only one extra spatial dimension? What if we describe subatomic particles as spatial curvature, instead of trying to describe General Relativity as being mediated by particles? Fixing the Standard Model with more particles is like trying to mend a torn fishing net with small rubber balls, instead of a piece of twisted twine. Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules: “We are all agreed that your theory is crazy. The question which divides us is whether it is crazy enough to have a chance of being correct.” Neils Bohr (lecture on a theory of elementary particles given by Wolfgang Pauli in New York, c. 1957-8, in Scientific American vol. 199, no. 3, 1958) The following is meant to be a generalized framework for an extension of Kaluza-Klein Theory. Does it agree with the “Twistor Theory” of Roger Penrose, and the work of Eric Weinstein on “Geometric Unity”? During the early history of mankind, the twisting of fibers was used to produce thread, and this thread was used to produce fabrics. The twist of the thread is locked up within these fabrics. Is matter made up of twisted 3D-4D structures which store spatial curvature that we describe as “particles"? Are the twist cycles the "quanta" of Quantum Mechanics? When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. ( E=hf, More spatial curvature as the frequency increases = more Energy ). What if gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks. (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are a part of the quarks. Quarks cannot exist without gluons, and vice-versa. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Charge" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" are logically based on this concept. The Dirac “belt trick” also reveals the concept of twist in the ½ spin of subatomic particles. If each twist cycle is proportional to h, we have identified the source of Quantum Mechanics as a consequence twist cycle geometry. Modern physicists say the Strong Force is mediated by a constant exchange of Mesons. The diagrams produced by some modern physicists actually represent the Strong Force like a spring connecting the two quarks. Asymptotic Freedom acts like real springs. Their drawing is actually more correct than their theory and matches perfectly to what I am saying in this model. You cannot separate the Gluons from the Quarks because they are a part of the same thing. The Quarks are the places where the Gluons are entangled with each other. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. The twist in the torus can either be Right-Hand or Left-Hand. Some twisted donuts can be larger than others, which can produce three different types of neutrinos. If a twisted tube winds up on one end and unwinds on the other end as it moves through space, this would help explain the “spin” of normal particles, and perhaps also the “Higgs Field”. However, if the end of the twisted tube joins to the other end of the twisted tube forming a twisted torus (neutrino), would this help explain “Parity Symmetry” violation in Beta Decay? Could the conversion of twist cycles to writhe cycles through the process of supercoiling help explain “neutrino oscillations”? Spatial curvature (mass) would be conserved, but the structure could change. Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons? Does an electron travel through space like a threaded nut traveling down a threaded rod, with each twist cycle proportional to Planck’s Constant? Does it wind up on one end, while unwinding on the other end? Is this related to the Higgs field? Does this help explain the strange ½ spin of many subatomic particles? Does the 720 degree rotation of a 1/2 spin particle require at least one extra dimension? Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons . Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The production of the torus may help explain the “Symmetry Violation” in Beta Decay, because one end of the broken tube section is connected to the other end of the tube produced, like a snake eating its tail. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles. The conversion of twists into writhes, and vice-versa, is an interesting process, which is also found in DNA molecules. Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Within this model a black hole could represent a quantum of gravity, because it is one cycle of spatial gravitational curvature. Therefore, instead of a graviton being a subatomic particle it could be considered to be a black hole. The overall gravitational attraction would be caused by a very tiny curvature imbalance within atoms. We know there is an unequal distribution of electrical charge within each atom because the positive charge is concentrated within the nucleus, even though the overall electrical charge of the atom is balanced by equal positive and negative charge. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> In this model Alpha equals the compactification ratio within the twistor cone, which is approximately 1/137. 1= Hypertubule diameter at 4D interface 137= Cone’s larger end diameter at 3D interface where the photons are absorbed or emitted. The 4D twisted Hypertubule gets longer or shorter as twisting or untwisting occurs. (720 degrees per twist cycle.) >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> How many neutrinos are left over from the Big Bang? They have a small mass, but they could be very large in number. Could this help explain Dark Matter? >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Why did Paul Dirac use the twist in a belt to help explain particle spin? Is Dirac’s belt trick related to this model? Is the “Quantum” unit based on twist cycles? ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ I started out imagining a subatomic Einstein-Rosen Bridge whose internal surface is twisted with either a Right-Hand twist, or a Left-Hand twist producing a twisted 3D/4D membrane. The model grew out of that simple idea. I was also trying to imagine a way to stuff the curvature of a 3 D sine wave into subatomic particles. .

Ty

Dr Lincoln: could you please do a video showing numerous examples of written homework exercises that graduate level physics major need to complete to pass their courses? And, could you do a video on the relevance & importance & necessity (I'll let you decide how relevant & how necessary) of solutions to differential equations in physics, especially solutions that come from symmetry methods? I have a $285 Handbook of Nonlinear PDEs on my desk by Andrei D Polyanin & Valentin F Zaitsev, 2nd edition, which is a GOLDMINE of solution, as exact as they can find, for hundreds of different nonlinear PDEs. I also have their handbooks on Linear PDEs and on Nonlinear ODEs.

I just had a epiphany: With the Schrodinger's Cat scenario, he stated that the cat in the box with the radium and the poison gas vial broken if a radioactive particle hit the breaking instrument was in a superposition of alive and dead due to the inside of the box not being known to the scientist until he opened the box and looked. However, as known with the double-slit experiment, if you have a device that tries to look at which slit the electron actually is going through, the both-slit-traveled interference pattern goes away. What is a measurement? It is when something knows about a change that has occurred due to the process being studied; no change observed means nothing happened or that no observation was done. If the cat in the box dies due to the vial being broken, then the device that causes the vial to break is a measurement device and this destroys the superposition effect from the start. A result of a quantum mechanical event is the same for ALL observers in a given universe (assuming Everett's Multiverse), even those who have not yet seen the result such as the scientist outside of the box, but this does not change the fact that the vial-breaking device is an "observer" -- just opening up the box later by the scientist cannot reverse the "collapse" result of the effects of the observation. Thus, this scenario is never going to be one of a quantum mechanics test.

Dr Don I can hear after presidential debate

Fantastic overview. Sadly, only 3.6k likes may be an indication of our future...

I wish that Q&A session had been 2 hours long.

Hello have been watching your videos for a while and although I have no formal physics education I have about as good of understanding of the standard model, General relativity and other precepts of science and physics as one can have without a good understanding of a lot of the math behind it. I understand that describing things through analogies like your description of the higgs field as water and the higgs boson as water a molecule. So given my understanding of Particle physics and that i understand the somewhat fuzzy barrier between the macroscopic and the quantum and that at the quantum level there are bizarre properties such and entanglement, or superposition. What would you say if I told you about the ability to generate a "Macroscopic Quantum Property that allowed me to cancel the mass of a macroscopic object? To be clear that is not exactly whats happening but what is happening is indeed the generation or creation of a macroscopic quantum property and is actually more astonishing than mass cancellation but which is indeed whats being measured. You would tell me I'm a wak job right? Here is the thing Upon further investigation of these three items one of them already has a working prototype and apparently the other two the science behind them has been demonstrated to work. Normally I would not bother someone like you with such craziness however when considering the source I now have some serious questions about this. You are a much smarter man than most and I was hoping that you could take a look at the science described in these 3 documents which is explained in a very detailed way And maybe you can tell us all how possible this is. As the US Navy seems to think that they can, and in one case have already created these devices. Just copy and paste the 3 numbers into a google search. 1. High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Generator (2017) Patent US20180229864A1 2. Craft using an inertial mass reduction device (2016) Patent US10144532B2 These are all patents for the US Navy that have all been approved after being denied once but them providing a demonstration they were then all three approved. There are alot of people out their that would love to hear a physicist of your caliber make a statement about these Read the applied science contained within each patent! Thank you.

We still need to be open to the possibility that there is no theory of everything

I'm from India and an Electrical Engineer by profession!! Heard this wonderful lecture and I am amazed for his simplicity & terminology.... Needless to say subscribed. & see first.

Saw Dr. Don in the title and clicked faster than a proton in a particle accelerator.

I was have answered Albert this way about why "being that god must be in a pure energy state of consciousness, created a design & formula for consciousness to look upon a physical world and it's self."

This is probably the best advanced physics video on youtube.

Thank you! Awesome! It just shows if your job is something you love, you will never work a day in your life.

Highly underrated channel. This should have millions of views.

Thanks gang.

Something important , most of the mass of an atom does not come from the masses of the quarks (si the interaction between them and the Higgs field ) but from potential energy, kinetic energy etc inside the neutrons and protons. Veritasium has a video explaining it, but one can just do the basic mass and sum the masses of the quarks in an hydrogen atom and check it against the mass of its protons plus the electron.

When producing matter/antimatter in accelerators, is there the same 3000000001/3000000000 ratio?

such a pleasure to watch listen and learn !!! masive thank you for upload !!! dr.Licoln i do like you so much 🙏❤🧡💛💚💙💜🌟🌈

The only thing missing is the alltime great ending: "After all - even at home - physics is everything!".

What if locality, perhaps both spatial and temporal, is broken or not real? Will it even mean anything to define the smallest building blocks? Not just in the context of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle but rather as a consequence of entanglement. I think Leonard Susskins idea of how entanglement / non-locality can be used to explain the apparant paradox of Einstein-Rosen bridges and entangled particles falling in to it (or escaping, through Hawking radiation). If these ideas are real, wouldn't that mean that locality is fundamentally not a real thing, and thus our idea of "small things" (as isolated areas in space-time) that we call particles are not real either? These ideas are like Feynman's One Electron Universe theory in that they break our attempts to understand the world by continuously refining old ideas that are really nothing but abstract ideas based on our human sensory apparatus and how the brain is interpreting the input to these sensors.

So in the very early early universe there is no particle has mass because temperature of universe is very very high. And as the universe cooled down the higgs field turned on and some particles (quarks, electrons etc.) got their mass. That is very interesting. But is that mean if we increase temperature of some matter then it also loses its mass. And also in LHC as temperatures are very very high but is that enough to turn off higgs field?

If at the big bang there were no Higgs field which means particle like electron were moving at the speed of light (zero mass). Then does these electron have the same properties(spin, electric charge..) as actual electron? Can we still call them electron?

I have a pressing question about the discrepancy in galaxy rotation. ¿What is the meaning of saying that stars orbit slower closer to the center of the galaxy? You where saying that the expectancy was to have them orbit slow wen close, faster as you get away, and then it was expected for them to slow down again as you moved farther away, but instead they move faster than expected. I understand the discrepancy of the far away ones, i get that the middle is ignorable because farther grater discrepancy explains middle lesser one. ¿But why is the slower center understod?

I am trying to listen to every word. You got a camera that takes 100 megapixels pictures 40,000,000 times a second and obviously you spent less money on the microphone. Lol. Had to use headphones. Amazing content thank you Dr Don.

Universe Expansion As for expansion itself, there is a temperature based 2 directional tensor on every particle we have ever observed from plasma photons, up to any atomic weight we have encountered so far. If you consider a deeper weight particle lives at an interference point and is constantly being fed expressed heat from it's immediately (doubled depth and distance) deeper particle, or from ambient temperature at its' depth in the weight space. The deepest particle interferes a new weight and goes the summed interfered temperature C^3 or degree Celsius deeper in its' weight space, the internal "Cavendish" tensors from the particle depth SR monodimensional BB space, pulls the particle back "up" the temperature scale. The particle will shed two "half temperature" photons back up the atomic pipe causing interference in the half distance position of the atomic pipe and the same thing happens at that temperature scale, all the way back to the aperture of the atom and being expressed as a zero degree Celsius photon particle (No velocity at all). If you consider the temperature over distance equation, and add in the redshift of the exhibited photons you realise that the redshift of a "stable" atom by definition on the C^3 scale has to achieve a temperature of zero degrees Celsius as it finds its' position in the "visible space". So instead if the stacked atom we observe, we actually have a redshifted temperature pipet from the Big Bang , too our visible space, which is expressing a Big Bang instantaneous explosive energy at Zero Degrees Celsius and Zero Velocity! This is our visible aperture of space, and it (the Universe) simply started growing when the expression of the BB in its' GR'd observable frame of reference (i.e. expanding at C) , a C velocity time dilated by its' temperature and redshifted by the decreasing to zero degrees aperture space allowing zero degree Celsius photons to "simply appear" in our space, expanding our Universe one photon at a time multiplied the the "Skin Depth Aperture" of our observed universe. Atomic particle formation, is the other side of the BB energy cycle through our space, which means the atoms are slowly in comparison "swallowing" photons that are too hot for the zero degree space and their journey back to the Big Bang has started. When you consider the amount of matter that we observed versus the amount of empty space, it's easy to see why we are still expanding, and likely will continue to do so for ever. (C) M.B.Eringa; S Hawking; 1989

Excellent lecture - Might the search for theory of E be futile just as the alchemist search for a method to turn base metal etc was futile? (Possibly too many unknown unknowns ?)

The prototype Dune Detector looks like something out of a Bond film.