The calf muscles consist of two muscles: the gastrocnemius and the soleus. The gastrocnemius is the larger muscle that is visible on the back of the leg, and the soleus is the smaller muscle that is lower down on the back of the leg and mostly underneath the gastrocnemius. Both muscles end up attaching to the heel via the achilles tendon and serve to point the toes down (plantarflexion). These muscles are vital in walking, running, and propelling the body.
Strains in the calf come in varying degrees:
Grade 1
Slight pain in the back of the leg
Zero to very slight restricted motion or activity
Tightness, aching, and slight pain for up to 5 days
Grade 2
Pronounced, sharp, and restrictive pain
Swelling and bruising
Tightness and aching for up to 10 days
Grade 3
Severe pain that is fully restrictive
Moderate to complete inability to restrict the muscles
Significant bruising and swelling
In the most severe cases (ruptures) the muscle is bunched up towards the top of the calf
Calf strains occur due to injury during acceleration, change of direction, or repeated flexion under duress. The muscles may initially begin to spasm, cramp, or swell. Bruising may also become apparent at some time after the initial injury.
Treatment of a grade II calf strain involves rest most importantly. Ice, elevation, and compression are necessary to reduce pain and inflammation, and should absolutely not be relied upon to continue strenuous activity. Grade II calf strains can become very serious if this rest is not afforded to the muscles.
KT Tape provides excellent support for these muscles during unavoidable activity, reducing aching and tightness in the calf. This application also provides inhibition of the muscles to promote relaxation and healing.
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