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The name Lubek is derived from the Slavic root "lub-" (meaning "love"). Before 819, the Pulabian Slavs founded a town called Lyubis. From the 10th century onwards, Lübeis was the second most important Oberter settlement after Oldenburg in Holstein. In 1160 Lübeck also received city rights from Zoest, and in 1260 it became a direct city in the Holy Roman Empire. In the middle of the 12th century, Lübeck became the cradle of the Hanseatic League, its real capital and most important city. The Lübeck Act was adopted by about 100 cities in the Baltic region, and Lübeck was able to maintain its status as an independent city from 1226 to 1937.
Built on a compact island, the historic old town of Lübeck is Germany's largest UNESCO World Heritage Site. [2] Lübeck's skyline, also called the "City of Seven Towers", is dominated by the city's seven church towers, five of which are Protestant churches: St. Mary's Church, Lübeck Cathedral, St. James's Church, St. Peter's Church, and St. Giles' Church . The cathedral was the first large brick church in the Baltic States from 1341 to 1173. From 1265 to 1351, St. Mary's Church is the model upon which most other Gothic brick churches in the Hanseatic League's sphere of influence were built. After Cologne Cathedral, it is the second tallest church with two main towers, it has the highest brick arch and the second tallest church.
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