[Q&A] Does the Nordic Model still work?

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Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy

Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy

9 жыл бұрын

In this Q&A session, the Nordic Ambassadors answered questions from the floor which sought to compare Singapore's current model with the Nordic Model and what can Singapore take away from the Nordic Model.
The questions asked include trust in welfare systems, developing growth with low levels of inequality, challenges of high immigration, homogeneous population vs. generous policies, Norway government intervention and education empowerment.
Full list of questions:
1) How do you develop trust in a welfare system and develop growth with low inequality?
2) Immigration statistics are high in the Nordic Countries, how does this high rate of immigration influence the Nordic Model?
3) Are countries that are more homogeneous more generous with their policies?
4) The Norway government propped up wages in non oil sector as they did not want their best talents going to the oil sector. Please comment on this.
5) How can we promote empowerment across all levels of hierarchy in the education system?
6) How can education help people be more politically active but responsible as well?
Click here for the panel discussion: • [Panel Discussion] Doe...
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The panelist consists of:
-- H.E. Berit Basse, Ambassador of Denmark to Singapore
-- H.E. Tormod Cappelen Endresen, Ambassador of Norway to Singapore
-- H.E. Håkan Jevrell, Ambassador of Sweden to Singapore
-- Mr Donald Low, Associate Dean (Research and
Executive Education), Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy (Chairperson)
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Пікірлер: 20
@gobbledygook17
@gobbledygook17 6 жыл бұрын
The Nordic Model boils down to three things: high employment (through free education paid for by high taxes, trainings for the unemployed, and financial aid during unemployment where you get 80% of your salary for a certain number of months while undergoing trainings or pursue further education to be able to go back to your work or enter another kind of occupation); gender equality (where mothers and fathers can stay at home and split their time and get paid for 480 days) and strong labour unions (the Nordics have high membership in Labour unions). The Nordics love paying taxes because they get what they pay for -- free education and Health care (you still pay a little amount when you go for a consultation but is heavily subsidized by the government.). Remember the Nordic countries are among those who have the LEAST corrupt govt officials. There's a good redistribution of wealth unlike the less developing countries where the govt officials are the ones who are getting richer and richer and believe that they can just use the taxpayers Money. The people are EMPOWERED to question the authorities if the taxes are misused. The Nordics (Sweden as far as I know) have the Freedom of Information (FOI) wherein you could just call or go to a certain Agency to check the correspondence/Communication from and among the govt officials. There's transparency. Once a govt official is exposed for any anomaly, that certain govt official has the decency to resign from his position. But in less developing countries,, these corrupt govt officials are still there despite all the millions they have stolen from the taxpayers money. CORRUPTION equals POVERTYand UNEQUALITY.
@ww3032
@ww3032 4 жыл бұрын
Wow... After watching the entire video, I realise that these are really mature societies that's very different from ours here in Singapore. The way the ambassadors answer questions, is so different. To them, there is no one official answer, and they try to give an answer that encompasses as many view points as possible. And it is also okay to admit that they've got issues or challenges and that they're not perfect.
@AndersGetherSoerensen
@AndersGetherSoerensen 3 жыл бұрын
No country is perfect, but you can work for it on an ongoing basis. I think what is characteristic of my country, Denmark, is a high level of education, and that you must be upgraded in your knowledge throughout life. If your workplace closes, the state goes in and helps to reorganize employees so that they can get jobs in other sectors where there is a lack of work. There is close cooperation between the state, employers and the trade union. But also that there is a great responsibility on employers and trade unions and agreeing on agreements that are responsible. For example, the unions are reluctant with wage demands when there is an economic crisis, conversely when things are going well then there are wage increases. Some years ago, employers moved their factories to Asia because wages are significantly lower there. But they found that low wages are not just a good thing. The braided factories return to Denmark because the workforce is more efficient, can work independently and ensure a good quality in the finished product. Several robots have been brought in for a lot of manual work, but this has only meant overall that productivity has increased and there is a demand for labor. Another important thing is that a full-time working week for a Dane is 37 hours. You must take 5 weeks holiday, fully paid, and there is the possibility of a 6th holiday week. This means that the workforce is rested and has a life outside the workplace, family and interests. Overall, it provides some employees who have mental surplus. There are even companies that have gone over to 4 day week. In my son's company, a normal week is 32 hours. They can work 37 hours. If there are periods when they work extra, it must be taken off so that they come down to the normal number of hours within a month or two. The philosophy behind this is that it costs an employee to go down due to stress. You do not work effectively at all if you get stressed. So that's the focus.
@ww3032
@ww3032 3 жыл бұрын
@@AndersGetherSoerensen hello anders. Thanks for your reply. It brought some additional insight for me. Singapore has a supposedly highly educated population too. I said supposedly, because although qualifications are high, these days I feel that highly certified does not mean highly educated. There are still many people here who have great qualifications but terrible general knowledge and poor critical thinking. It has made me think a great deal, recently, about what being highly educated really means. You mentioned responsibility of all parties and that's a very good point. There seems to be a strong emphasis on responsibility to society in the nordic countries, ironically much like what confucianism teaches in East Asian countries. Sadly, corporate culture in Singapore has gone the way of American corporatism (no offence to Americans here), where its profits profits profits on top of everything else. For smaller businesses, the risks are high because of the high costs of rents and capital, so profits are also important for them. And for those that do make it, the bosses feel like they deserve every penny because of how difficult it is to succeed. A statistic I read stated that 7/10 small businesses here fail in the first few years here. As for worker treatment, workers here are sadly treated like economic units, based on my personal experience. Employers want the best value out of every hiree. Its debatable whether this brings about the best outcome for the company and country, but man its tiring. Some politicians argue that because of huge cultural differences, it would be disastrous to adopt the nordic model here as residents will take advantage of its generosity and become lazy. Again, that is very debatable.
@prasharbitu
@prasharbitu 3 жыл бұрын
I am thinking..Such things like welfare(education/health/home/internet)can be implemented in countries like india or not. If we can implement such systems for whole world that will be ultimate success as a humanbeing. .
@24jh42
@24jh42 9 жыл бұрын
State building is difficult. Denmark lost the napoleonic war in Europa and lost land navy and influence leading to bankruptcy. So reforms was made to stabilize growth. Over the next 150 years every outside challenge was countered with political reforms. Until we realized this is now a welfare state and we like it. Every democratic election since 1960 has had an element of how to maintain and improve the welfare idea. My point is the welfare states was not created as such, it just happened over time.
@ww3032
@ww3032 4 жыл бұрын
Is this Francis guy someone well known? He speaks better than the average Singaporean.
@MrLandonweber
@MrLandonweber 3 жыл бұрын
My question, which country is it better to be a upper middle class healthcare provider. The nordic countries or the U.S?
@shazamshazamshazam696
@shazamshazamshazam696 Жыл бұрын
You can look that up, income of healthcare workers in Denmark. Then look up the current U.S. model where a large percentage of our medical doctors are on salary with a private equity owned
@arakashmahale1
@arakashmahale1 9 жыл бұрын
I expected a cogent discourse; Instead, it's marked by vague generalisations & self conscious faltering, on some seemingly straight forward questions!
@Illuminatorofshadow
@Illuminatorofshadow 8 жыл бұрын
Why is the Nordic model even being discussed, Singapore is already superior to the Nordic countries...
@lukashansson731
@lukashansson731 7 жыл бұрын
There's no doubt that Singapore is superior in many ways but the main thing about the Nordic model being discussed is about the system itself not about the countries. In my opinion the Nordic model does trade part of the growth towards society well being and prioritize society over wealth but doesn't disregard the need of growth. The first question for example didn't really get a good answer as the Nordic model usually have very low tax rate while being a very high payed employee has extreme taxes, which makes successful people create their own companies rather than work for a big one. Singapore is extremely wealthy but would the actual model work on a wider scale and more importantly which one would benefit society more? I don't say that Nordic countries are superior but they prioritize differently and in the Nordic model it's not just about growth.
@Illuminatorofshadow
@Illuminatorofshadow 7 жыл бұрын
Lukas Hansson The Nordic countries are indeed very successful at generating social and economic prosperity, but face different challenges than what Singapore does, and it could be argued that the Nordic model isn't as suited toward Singapore with its distinct challenges and comparative (dis)advantages. The most obvious thing is that 40% of people in Singapore are immigrants. As such Singapore is one of the most diverse developed countries in the world. The religious diversity in particular is spectacular; 33% are Buddhist, 18.8% Christians and 15% Muslims. Because of the very low fertility rates in Singapore (far lower than any of the Nordic countries), having a very open immigration system and successful economic integration is imperative to the country's success. Singapore needs to attract global talent and effectively utilize human capital gained from the brain gain. And it is here where things are very different from the Nordic countries. You see, the Nordic countries are not very good at integrating immigrants, even though they do have high immigration rates. Sweden in particular has the largest gaps in employment rates between natives and foreign-born (the other Nordic countries aren't too far behind either). As a results, instead of benefiting the economy, immigration to the Nordic countries is instead a drain on public finances. Such a situation would be unthinkable in Singapore; indeed that would be the nightmare scenario that the country has to avoid at all costs. This is because, again, the Singaporean model is much more dependent on immigration than the Nordic countries to function, on account of its much lower fertility rate. And as I believe that the Nordic countries' inability to economically integrate immigrants is an inherent flaw in the Nordic model, I don't think it suits a country that is so dependent on attracting and utilizing foreign talent to have that particular weakness in its model. Also, Singapore is a financial center, due to economic geography and very low taxation/regulation. This leads to high inequality, but is constitutes a big part of Singapore's economic model which helped catapult the country from one of the poorest in the world in the 1960's (on par with Sub-Saharan Africa) to the level of prosperity seen today. Moreover, the country is utterly lacking in natural resources (it's a freaking city-state!). Norway has oil, Sweden has its ore, Finland exports forest products, Denmark is one of the most agriculture-intensive economies in the developed world, and Iceland has the benefit of having an exclusive economic zone the size of China's, divided between a population of 300,000!
@lukashansson731
@lukashansson731 7 жыл бұрын
i strongly agree with you on everything you said, my reply was simply about the benefits of discussing the nordic model as it might help steer the prioritize towards society but in no way adopt the whole model. Like you said Singopore is extremely successful and very different. As a Swede i'd rather see us going towards the Singapore system as, like you wrote, we are terrible when it come to integration but still insists on having high immigration. Another thing that is often forgotten about the Nordic model is that the initial price is very high and it takes a long time before the benefits from it starts to kick in, which was possible in the past but in todays global economy it'd create huge damage. Last thing i just want to clear is that i admire how Singapore have managed to become so strong despite their not so impressive initial conditions and one of the reasons i find it fascinating is because i see Singapore as a counter part to the nordic countries when it comes to fighting above their weight class just that the Nordic countries does it with things like welfare and environment while Singapore does it with economics.
@MrBillcale
@MrBillcale 7 жыл бұрын
not true look at quality of life indexes singapore falls below the nordic countries
@whatwhat3432523
@whatwhat3432523 5 жыл бұрын
That`s not true at all. Singapore is nowhere near the Nordic countries.
@marcusdavenport1590
@marcusdavenport1590 3 жыл бұрын
The initial question was extremely biased and they ignore actual facts. I highly recommend watching these videos for more detailed information. Also keep in mind we can reduce healthcare cost in America by 50% simply removing the Socialist policies in our current system. If we move back to actual capitalism we would solve the problems... we can go over each individual inefficiency that is currently driving cost up and it all comes back to central planning rather than allowing the market to work. 1. Understanding health care in the US (lessons from the Hoover policy boot camp) kzfaq.info/get/bejne/o8lpaN2CppqxlHU.html 2. Why single payer health care doesn't work (Lessons from the Hoover policy boot camp) - policy ed kzfaq.info/get/bejne/r6xnmZqClc_Wgac.html 3. In the NHS you're 4x's more likely to die You're 6x's more likely to die from a terminal illness The quality in other countries is not the same... we also have differing standards from what Nordic and European countries will accept. We won't wait as long for treatment or accept being told we have to go blind or die because the government wants to save money. Yes, those are real examples.... 4. They ignore the hidden taxes in these systems. For instance in Sweden if you earn $37,000 you are taxed at 60%. The poor are taxed more than the wealthy... everyone is hosed by the tax man... other countries assume the poor won't be taxed and don't understand the problems with the high taxes. 5. According to the study that Bernie Sanders loves to cite, Medicare for All would require every American to DOUBLE their tax rate. That's rich and poor. That would lead to less investment, less spending, less new business investment, etc... This would reduce the median income by $19,000. Keep in mind that's if everything goes according to the best case scenario... where all doctors and nurses take a 40% pay cut along with Double the taxes... No one expects that to happen as nurses would quit en masse to get better paying jobs to afford rent. Rent would also skyrocket as less new home investments are made. That's terrible for poor people.
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