Didn't King Bhumipol of Thailand had a regent from 1946 to 1950 while he was doing his degree? That means with your criteria he was reigning for "only" 66 years.

9:58 crazy that Franz Joseph became monarch almost 200 years before he was born

Obvious typo at 9:19. Franz Joseph became emperor in 1848, not 1648. Also, the day that Queen Elizabeth will pass Bhumibol will be June 12, 2022.

Update: Queen Elizabeth has died, aged 96. Since she reigned for 70 years, 7 months, meaning that she reached the top spot on this list according to the criteria described. May she rest in peace.

Your rules for ranking gave a more diverse list than other lists I’ve seen. It was well thought out!

You should make a list of the shortest reigning monarchs or longest reigning regents

Do a list of longest king or queens in waiting. Just so we can all troll Prince Charles. Lol

🍾🥂 I actually set a reminder for this video 😆 love your videos!

I like the protocols you used. One of the neat things about this is that, with the exception of Victoria and QE2, all of the monarchs on this list are from different countries around the world. I think that makes it cooler. Thanks!

Queen Elizabeth just have to make it to her 101 birthday while on the Throne. *That* would be history

That's really cool on how you went about in figuring it out. Good job.

What about Ramses II? He reigned for about 66-67 years. Months are a bit iffy on this one so that’s probably why he was disqualified, but he was an adult throughout the entirety of his reign. Fun fact: He actually got to be 90 years old which is very impressive considering he lived in a time before antibiotics and vaccines, plus all the intrigue and wars he was involved in.

Speaking of Regents: 10 Longest Reigning Regents?

As a fellow Malaysian (born in Kuala Lumpur 🙋‍♂️), I was beaming with pride seeing a Johor sultan made in the list.

We need a list of oldest heirs waiting to become king, lead of course by Prince Charles of England. 😄

I'm surprised King Jangsu of Goguryeo is not mentioned at all. He lived from "394 A.D" to "491 A.D" (age 97) He reigned from "october of 413 A.D" to "december of 491 A.D" He ruled since he was 19 years old without regency, which makes his total length of adult reign "78 years and 2 months" I know he is an ancient monarch, but his reign have been cross checked by many Korean historians to be considered as a historical fact.

Let’s not forget queen liz’s mum lived until she was 101 so..

I like the way "the queen" is just referred to as "the queen"

A video of the heirs of throne who waited the longset would also be nice.

Very impressive research. Thanks for sharing.

This was a very refreshing list, so many others are basically the same but this one mixed it up! Great video as always

Finally the first mention of Malaysia on this channel! Cant wait for you to make the family tree of the 9 royal houses of Malaysia

Quite fair determinants. Good job prof. ✌

Very good and interesting job.

Pakal's title is pronounced "Ah-how" rather than Ajaw, that's because Mayan phonetics in the Latin Alphabet are derived from Spanish.

I’m just waiting here until May 2022 to type in a Champagne emoji.

Great video

very good list, your criterion was perfect. see you in a year or so for the 🥂

Honestly I think Queen Elizabeth II is just trying to outlive her son.

God save the Queen!! (Added a year to her life, should do the trick.)

Almost at the champagne emoji time! Great video.

Yoo a tier list!! let's gooo

I'm half Austrian and after researching my family tree, I've had up to 5 generations of ancestors living at some point during the reign of Kaiser Franz Joseph.

Ramses II’s reign is pretty verifiable, and if he were considered, he would have made it on this list. Dates in ancient Egypt were marked by month (seasons too) and the year of the Pharaoh’s reign.

Extremely well done. I think your 4 "disclaimers" are reasonable and appropriate.

I think this was very well done.😊

I don't know if your list is "better" or "worse" than lists that count years with a regent or don't include subordinate monarchs, but I certainly appreciate that you were clear in how you determined the rankings. Your explanation of the process is always a benefit. I look forward to your next video!

So soon Queen Elizabeth will have to send herself a letter about being 100 years old✉️

Excellent methodology. Can't wait to revisit this video to leave a champaign emoji next year

Queen Elizabeth made it past that date. So officially she was the longest-ruling based on your criteria.

10:08 it says 1648 but it’s actually 1848

Come on Lizzie, you’re almost No. 1!

I really appreciate your decision to not include childhood years. Dismissing the role of regent has all too often been used as an excuse for erasing powerful women from history... Speaking of which, if you should one day be tempted to make a video about the Kalmar union and Queen Margrethe the first, I'd be SO here for it!

An interesting note on Queen Victoria--her predecessor was William IV, her uncle, who was already getting older when he became King and was pretty sick towards the end of his life. He absolutely doted on Victoria but hated her widowed mother, the Duchess of Kent, and was terrified by the prospect of the Duchess becoming regent should he die before Victoria turned 18. He did everything he could to hang on and ended up dying just a couple months after Victoria's 18th birthday, ensuring that she would reign in her own right from the beginning.

I liked it! To me, it makes sense to only count the years they made actual decisions. Great video!

So in 2 years when you have to revise the list and the Queen still reigns, that'll be expected. It's in 100 years and someone does this list and the Queen is still reigning it'll be hilarious

Lmao I’m soooo eagerly awaiting to leave a champagne 🍾 emoji next year.

Very interesting, and a good basis of selection (E.g. regents not included).

Sobhuza II: My reign (if you count dependent and childhood years) is the longest Pepi II: That’s cute

I always find it insane how hirohito became emperor shortly after ww1 but ruled almost until the 90s which means he ruled through the great depression, ww2, the korean war, the vietnam war and the afghan war. basically the whole of the 20th century except ww1

I love your mideval intro theme so much, i like it to have it as my phone ringtone, is there any source about where it is from?

Thank you for another interesting video. I'm not so certain about the "of age" and "regent-free" criteria you apply (while also adding Qianlong's effective but unofficial regency after his abdication) -- if it is a question effective rule, does that not eliminate modern constitutional monarchs, while standards of coming of age vary, as do both maturity and actual effective leadership in different instances. As for coronation as rationale, a number of underage monarchs underwent that ceremony (including Henry III and Henry V of England), most pertinently for your list, Shapur II of Sasanid Persia, who was king of kings for every minute of his 70-year long life (309-379), having been crowned in utero (at least that is the most amusing story, the priests having placed the crown on his mother's belly). Also, if you are going to consider the dates of Pakal I of Palenque verifiable, you should do the same for Rameses II of Egypt, who reigned for 66 years and 2 months (according to a much later king list, but contemporary documents are in agreement, reaching into Year 67 -- having started at 1, not 0 -- and astrochronological evidence allows dating the surviving records from his reign from May 31 1279 to between July 9 and August 3 1213 BC -- even though there are other possible astrochronological matches for the absolute dates, the length of time covered by the records is assured due to the regnal year, month, and day dates of the documents). The possibly 94-year reign of Pepy II of Egypt, on the other hand, is indeed not verifiable.

Great choice of criteria, very interesting!

Was the succession of Louis XIV by Louis XV the only Great-grandparent to great-grandchild succession of a reigning monarch in history? Always curious about that.

As per usual your criteria are the most rigorous and give the best results.

This was the longest chanel trailer i’ve seen lol. Obviously joking and great video!

I think your parameters were quite understandable, reasonable, and fair. I would find it interesting to know the list of the top 10 shortest reigning monarchs

Talking about “Pakal I”, Even when is written with an is pronounce /ahaw/ like in Spanish. In this case ajaw means lord, his actual tittle as ruler was k’uhul ajaw, literally “holly/sacred lord”, is the tittle given to a lord that rules over other lords, that’s why is often translated as “king”. The other important tittle that he held was kalo’mte’ and is given to a k’uhul ajaw that rules over other k’uhul ajaw, I let you to decide the correct translation to it. Calling him just “Pakal” is like calling Beth to Queen Elizabeth. His actual name was K’inich Janaab Pakal (here again the is like in Spanish or like h, all the are like /ah/, the double vowel is because is long).

🍾 sending this beforehand

Would you make similar video with republics? So, who has reigned for longest time as a president?

Great list! Just an FYI about Pacal, his title Ajaw is actually pronounced A-HOW.

I would like to see a list of who has outlasted more designated successors.

What colors do you use for your charts?

9:48 small correction, Franz Joseph's father wasn't the previous Emperor of Austria.

How about a list just like this one, but only with living monarchs

Thanks! I would like a Top 10 of most powerful monarchs in history!

If you haven’t, could you do one on longest reigning royal families?

Can you make a list of longest reigning family monarchy.

I would still include Pepi ll from Egypt as records there are generally accurate for reign totals. He is recorded at 92 years (from childhood of course.) With this many rulers, odds are fairly good that there would be a couple who, upon succeeding as a child, could have made it into the 90s of age.

I have to disagree with this completely! Reigning simply means being the monarch. It does not necessarily have to do with ruling. Elizabeth II does not necessarily rule, she reigns, it is the prime minister and the elected government which legislates, in other words, ruling. Therefore, Louis XIV is the longest reigning monarch, regardless of whether or not he took the throne as a child, he reigned as monarch, but did not govern until his early adolescence.

You said that Bhumipol died at age 88 and started his reign when he was 19 and therefore reigned for a total of 70 years 126 days. I don't see how. He was reigning for a total of 69 years and some days. 88-19=69. So unless there is a typo error, you've done your maths incorrectly and Queen Elizabeth II is already the longest serving adult monarch.

Ps I think that you've done the most fair ranking 👌❤

Hello, I really enjoy your videos and will continue to do so for some time. I found a small editorial error in your video. For Franz Joseph, his became monarch year is 200 years before it should be. 1648 instead of 1848. Someone else may have already realized this, but I want to help if I can. I hope to see many more videos. Thank you for these, I find them to be pretty fascinating.

I would like to nominate there Ramese II. Which ruled for 66 years in ancient Egypt. He should be in the list by my opinion.

Saved the notification for the 22nd 🤦‍♂️ but hey im still here so 🍾🍾🍾

Sports family trees, maybe a bit outside the box for the main topics but might be cool to see some sports lineage and connections.

Emperor Hirohito was also a Regent for 5 years before becoming Emperor

Yeah I half expected Kangxi to be on there until I realized that he ascended the throne at age 8 and didn’t actually reign until his teens.

🍾 The Queen is the new number one with 70 years and 214 days

Korean King JANG SOO (at the time korea was called Go Gu Ryeo) 20th king in succession was born 394 and died 491, he was king at age 20, reigning for 78years. his name means Longevity king. JANG SOO (still used for that meaning these days.) even abdicated after. There is also records of another (not as concrete) of 6th king of Go Gu Ryeo who reigned from 53~146, roughly 93yr, also didn't die and abdicated, lived 19yrs more till he was 119.

Fantastic idea Matt. I would like to see you eliminate anything that minimized a monarchs reign, I.e. dependent on another nation or person (regent), not doing their job alone due to infirmity of any kind, subtracting any years where the monarch did not fully run the show. This would really take Elizabeth II out as the PM has the power. Thanks always for the impeccable work you do.

I first thought you would count George III, and was going to protest, as he had a regent during the LAST 10 years. But seeing that you started over 60 years length, I was relieved...

Good Calculation! 🧮

The intro music😍

I would actually like to see a list where only the most influential kings/sultans are listed. Let's say monarchs who went to war and still reigned really long. a different concept would be kings that lived before the industrial revolution and how much they reigned. (Nice video, keep up the good work especially the religion vids)

I'd love to see a video on the Johor lineage!

Hi, can you please make a video about the 'part' that is played by the by 🦅 eagle, crow in choosing the next king

History is interpretation as much as recording. how you did it, which to inclide and your ranking, is entirely valid, being your interpretation made credible with coherent reasons offered. that mine might differ if I considered the issue is irrelevant. i must salute your patience and scholarship in these endeavours had i only a quarter of your patience i might have made a name for myself online speaking of monarchs and history. for they are both deep and abiding fascinations of mine but alas i have NO patience to speak of and without it all the talent in the world is useless . . . .

Brilliant Video!! Can you please do a video about the history of the Kurds and their origins? It's a topic I'm always intrigued about as the Kurds are the worlds largest stateless nation.

You missed one important one. The longest fully documented reign is the 67 years of Rameses II, who came to the throne in 1279 BCE and built more temples than any other pharaoh. The next place is a tie between Thutmose III (1479 BCE) and Psamtik I (664 BCE), both of whom ruled for 54 years.

Does Rameses the Great not fit the criteria? Or was it too long ago for it to be verifiable?

You'd make the family tree of Inca royalty, from the cuckoo of cusco, the Inca empire and the Incas of vilcabamba

What about Ramses II? The egyption Pharao had an adult reign of 66 years, and it seems fairly verifiable

5:54 Should definitely do some big Canadian video and drop into your less formal voice for it

It's official, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth is the longest reigining monarch in history, by this metric

I think I would have included their minority years in the totals. Just because the person is a minor, it does not mean they are not a monarch. Great work on this! Helpful, well organized, and informative as always.

There's a fascinating fact about Hirohito: he was a god and became human after Japan's submission

A little sad to see Ramses II excluded by your criteria. His reign is damn near verifiable in length.

A list of longest reigning absolute monarchs would be a satisfying version. It sets a clear standard: Most time no one could tell them what to do.

Just found this video after her Platinum Jubilee. Will check back on May 2nd!