My boy about to do a full walkthrough of the human tech tree.

I can't wait until he gets to mining uranium and making a nuclear power plant

HTME at the beginning: Let's see if I can't make some basic foodstuffs. HTME now: "I'd love to see a steam engine that you've made."

Tired of using lame, sad metal? Introducing *bronze* Made with special ingredient tin from the far lands of Tin Land! (I don't know my dealer won't tell me where he gets it)

Well done. While there is a lot of discussion possible about why the transition from bronze to iron was made, it was probably not primarily because the iron tools and weapons, in the beginning, were superior to bronze ones. In fact bronze is stronger and can be made harder than pure iron. It's only when steel started to be made that there begun to be an obvious superiority of iron over bronze, but the process was long and slow lasting hundreds of years. However, the driving factor for the transition seems to have been the significant decrease of bronze availability due to the disruption of trade networks at the end of the bronze age, the so-called invasion of the "sea peoples" leading to the late bronze age collapse around 1200BCE. Suddenly copper and tin could not be brought together to form the alloy, and promoted search for alternative processes.

Congratulations! You have reached level 30 Smiting. You can now create Steel Bars!

This video contains material suitable for miners.

I respect miners from all ages , so much of the world was built by the" blood /sweat & lives" of these people.

Nothing beats watching middle-aged british men talking about manual labour and mechanical processing of stuff

In 40+ years: How to build a computer processor. Let me know, if you need help. With some luck I'll still be around.

Hearing that you've started up the idea of making everything from actual scratch again makes me VERY happy. Don't get me wrong, videos like these where you show how to extract an item, and then make the tool from semi-sourced materials are still really good, but to see you make literally every piece of the puzzle yourself is going to be such an amazing improvement to your channel.

Copper and tin rarely found together That makes Cornwall rare. The unofficial motto of Cornwall in the Cornish language is Pysk, sten ha cober - Fish, tin and copper

When seperating out the iron dust it might be more practical to put a plastic bag around the magnet first. That way it's not as annoying to clean up

you should have gone to south-east Varrock mine

Can’t wait until he makes the video in 2136 “Making a nuke | the technology of the past”

Very tasteful and relevant segway of Mel chemistry in a tin mining video, well done. I appreciate that you have an actual mining engineer explain the mining process. As an engineer (electrical), I feel you have definitely added credibility to your videos, by using professionals to explain the actual history. Good show. Cheers from Canada.

Can you cover information on the rock that Spongebob was able to ride, so he could deliver the Krusty Krab Pizza?

I realized in all this time, you guys haven't made a magnet yet! Please, when you get to working with Iron, make the first side-project crating a magnet! It's not too difficult, there are several methods, and there's a ton to talk about with regards to its impact on history and its discovery!

Great series!! Can't wait for the next episode Tin has a melting point of 449.5º F which is equivalent to 231.9º C.

This is a great vid, pretty cool seeing the methods used for working out the ore. I use to work in Metal Scrap removal for a decade, me & my Grandpa tried to convince locals to recycle their metals rather than throwing them out in the landfills just to be buried. All the mines are completely empty in my location, they no longer bare any materials any further. But the people still tend to waste metal rather than making use out of them.

Tin has a melting point of 231.93°C, or 449.47°F, or 505.08 K.

Been bingewatching this channel for the last weeks. The concept of making everything from scratch is really interesting so im glad a new video is out

Interesting fact: basque Spanish team Athletic de Bilbao chant alirón when they win a cup. This comes from the English who wrote “all iron” on their mines when they found iron. Shows the spread of technology just like your Minnesota mine

everyone else: where sponsored by audible! HtME: were sponsered by CHEMISTRY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I love

Dartnell's new book is *exactly* the kind of thing I find unbelievably interesting, you can rest assured I'll be picking up a copy the instant I have the spare money!

I've been to cornwall many times, I love it there, one of the most interesting places in the UK

Enjoyed the video as a Geologist whose ancestors are from Cornwall. THX.

Very cool. If you are ever in the area of Virginia City, Nevada, give the cemetery a visit, it contains a lot of old headstones that say 'Here lies such and such and ends with...he was a native of Cornwall. Most of those guys died in incidents where a pick went into ancient steam columns and it was Lobster city. May they rest in peace. Some got rich too. The mining tech was absolutely ahead of it's time.

That's funny, I was just watching the periodic table of videos episode on tin. Tin is quite fun for a variety of reasons, you may even be able to make some red and yellow dyes from certain tin compounds when you make your shirt.

Thats actually quite interesting. That rock is probably The only thing left from The bronze age.

This video is breathtakingly amazing. Keep up the good work. Look forward to see how all elements of the periodic table are extracted and refined, and put to use.

I love the direction your channel is going. Keep it up. I don't always watch your videos but they always entertain and educate me. Thank you for all you do man.

Thank you. Its one thing to know the metals that evolutionized human civilization but quite another to see what men, women, and children went through to mine the ore.

5 years later: making a nuclear power plant from scratch.

Great stuff! I love how you follow through the whole process. The melting point of tin is 231.9 °C

0:44 if you have headphones. It'll probably break your head when he says 'bronze'.

Can you make a robot lumber jack with tin with no heart

the melting point of tin in celcuis is 231.9, in kelvin 505,2 K and in fahrenheit 449.5 and the boiling point of tin in Celcuis is 2602

Something i think about while watching this channel is how much i appreciate specialization you can learn how to make everything but it won't be nearly as good as someone who became an expert at it someone who honed their craft and became great at doing what you wanna do. This channel is amazing but yeah the power of specialization is quite impressive i firmly believe that's what pushes us towards innovation and this channel just makes me appreciate it as well as the effort put in to prove that you can also learn to make everything

wow, that mine guide is incredibly knowledgeable, i love listening to experts in their field giving tours of what they know best, bless him

He is actually doing it, i mean seriously he's learning the early struggle, and some struggles people do every day

You can find copper and tin together in south east varrock mine.

I watched two videos this evening. First time I have happened across this channel. Amazing. Thank you. Subscribed!

I love this channel. Every once in a while i come back and binge watch all the episodes. Its awesome

Great video as always. And I would consider getting a sledge hammer. not less than 2kg, not more than 4kg. Then you method with the towel and the stone works. Just get a bigger towel.

Tin has a melting point of 231, 9 °C!!

I love watching the growth! Keep it up man!

Tin melts at 232C (231.9) Really looking forward to the future. It really is the process that makes this channel so interesting. Taking on the added challenge of using “period correct” tools/processes deserves ALL our gratitude. I wish you the best and I can’t wait 😃

I like how he said "Niece or Nephew" instead of "son or daughter"

31.9 C TIN is much softer then TUNGSTEN at 3422 c but close to LEAD at 327.5.... i luv vids like this ... ty

Tin melts at about 450 degrees Fahrenheit or roughly 230 degrees Centigrade. So who invented the thermometer to measure these temperatures and how was that done? For our approximate usages, the bellows furnace heated stuff up until it glowed red hot, then white hot, until finally it melted and pooled into droplets at the bottom of the ceramic container. We could identify what was being melted by its characteristics, like separating out iron by magnetic attraction or reaction to certain acids.

Since you mentioned being from Minnesota, as I am, and the Tower-Soudan mine. I have a personal story about that mine. In the summer of 1965 I was between my 7th & 8th grades and attended a St. Louis County Historical Society class one day a week in Duluth. For one of our field trips, we went to the Tower-Soudan mine and got to see it the day before the governor of the state, Karl F. Rolvaag, dedicated the mine as a state park. We were not to tell anyone that we were there ahead of the governor. Being 54 years later, I thinks it's OK to tell the story.

Tin is such a lovely metal, it’s a shame it’s so rare. It’s literally lead, but safe

Please try to make a diving helmet and suit from scratch. Thank you for the likes. And replies. More like? Awesome! Let’s try to let Andy know how much we want this. 😁

This was really interesting! Your videos are always fun to watch, thank you!!!

Holy crap! I was camping up by Tower MN not too long ago! It's a beautiful place.

The steam engine sounds really cool. I saw a cool video by machine thinking on. The origins of precision. I'd check it out.

@8:41 "Victory Shaft" There are jokes in there somewhere. I'm sure the miners thought up a few themselves: Who wants the victory shaft" The victory shaft keeps going deeper.

"The alloy of copper and tin, BOZ

For Tin, Sn, the melting point is 449.5°F or 231.9°C, If we go further, the melting point of Copper, Cu, is 1,984°F or 1,085°C. The melting point of Bronze, assuming the combination of only Copper and Tin in varying ratios is roughly 1,742 degrees F or 950 degrees C. I hope that is helpful. I went a bit further than you asked because I was intrigued and wanted to know the various melting points for each of the components and them, of the combined metals into their final for as Bronze. I enjoyed the video and my Grandsons did, as well.

Instant subscribe and like - STEM is the strength of our modern world. Love Earth. Love Life. Love One Another. Love Truth. Love Science ! Love LOVE .

An ancient Greek style steam engine would be fairly simple to make, compared to one with valves and pistons anyhow

melting point of tin is 449.5°F Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn and atomic number 50. Tin is a silvery metal that characteristicly has a faint yellow hue. Tin, like indium, is soft enough to be cut without much force. Wikipedia Symbol: Sn Boiling point: 4,716°F (2,602°C) Atomic mass: 118.71 u Atomic number: 50 Melting point: 449.5°F (231.9°C) Electron configuration: [Kr] 4d105s25p2 Did you know: Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings.

Nice work on the videos. Very interesting. I did not know tin was so rare. Tin melts at 231.93°/449.47°F

Cornish for mine: "bal." Is this in any way related to the etymological origin for the phrase "bowels (bals) of the Earth"?

I second to see you build a steam engine!!! I want to know if you use organic lubrication and how to make the system water right without rubber!

Great work guy's many thanks

One very popular use of tin is as pewter. Pewter used to be an alloy of lead and tin, but as we came to realize how poisonous lead is, the formula for pewter became 92.5% tin and 07.5 copper. If you were to remove the chemically induced oxidation on modern pewter and polished it, you would end up with an object brighter than silver or aluminum, and it would stay brighter because tin is highly resistant to oxidation or corrosion. It doesn't tarnish.

The melting point of tin is 449 fahrenheit if I'm not mistaken

I was curious about how they solved the challenge of extracting the tin from rock in bronze age, but i was disappointed. What is the point of wanting to extract the tin yourself, but using the modern techniques?

There are several locations in Australia where alluvial tin can still be gathered by fossickers. Among them are Marble Bar in West Australia, Queensland and the northern Territory although it is by no means a comprehensive list.

Good video, casting anything doesn't work if your in a hurry lol. It's like the metal senses it! Love you

I know you like you weapons series but I'm still waiting for HTME Up cycle episode 2

I live about 50 minutes from that mine. Crazy to see it in a video.

I'm really glad that you went to Cornwall, my family is originally from there, I had heard that the UK has really high amounts of Tin and that the Romans used to want people mining for that reason

I particularly enjoyed this one as I live only 15 minutes away from Geevor. And you found it in sunshine, and not fog!

Am i the only one annoyed by the fact that he only brought one rock back 😖.

Wait... you made Nutella from scratch? Awesome!

(7:46) It's worth mentioning the problem of tin whiskers forming from solder, an issue that plagued some electronics, until the issue was finally realized, and a solution was developed.

Keep up the great work, Andy.

Me: sees the video that was just uploaded,clicks on the video hoping to be one of the first 10 Add pups up right when I clicked Also me: Ahh darn it...I almost got it

Since you have the copper, you should get some zinc and make brass!

Good and Basic just did a really good video on this, I liked that theirs was with just one very VERY knowledgeable old man.

Very cool! I studied metallurgy for many years, but I always wondered how bronze age man discovered and processed the metals. We take many things for granted. I remember the movie the "Time Machine" and at the end, the scientist takes books to the future. The narrator asked, "What books would you take?"

Great video, but I think it's important to note that the whole "Stone age", "Bronze age" "Iron age" etc system isn't actually a linear progression of technological or societal advancement. Rather, it's just a retroactive label we give to different periods of Eurasian history. As anpother comment notes, early Iron weapons were actually inferior to bronze ones, for example. A lot of people incorrectly assume that some cultures or civilizations are more or less complex solely based on their choice of material used for tools and weapons. The Mesoamericans (Aztec, Maya, etc) and Andeans (Inca, etc) often get labelled as "Stone age" cultures (despite the fact that both groups actually did have bronze metallurgy) simply because wood and stone was the primary materials used for tools, despite the fact that both were far more complex then that in virtually every other respect: Larger Mesoamerican cities dwarfed even the largest cities from Bronze age Mesopotamia and Egypt, even giving some large Roman, Persian, and Greek cities from classical anitquity and Medieval europe a run for their money in size (Teotihuacan for example, outright covered a larger area then Rome did at it's height, and with virtually all it's citizens in fancy multi-room palace complexes) and the complexity of their water mangement systems (interconnected water resvoirs, agricultural canals, aquaducts, and drainage systems were ubiquitous, with running water, sewage systems, toilets, etc being in a number of cities) Their goverments, political systems, economics, military complexity, mathematics, and artistic and intellectual achievements are all also more complexity then a "stone age" monkier implies, variously being more comparable to what you see in Bronze, Iron, Classical, or Medieval societies.

Oh, was just watching your pinhole camera video

one of my best friend is the curator at Geevor tin mine museum. His old man was one of the last miners out when it closed and i believe he was also one of the rescue miner.

thanks for the series! the melting point of tin 231.9c 449.5f

7:56 are you assuming that we are too nerdy to reproduce and do these experiments with our own children? Hehe

Oof, never clicked on a video this early!

The melting point of Tin is 232C or 449.4F. I just found this channel and I really like it, so informative. My Father was a chemical engineer and metallurgist, so now I can better understand what he did and talked about. You just got my subscription :)

449.5°F wow that is a lot lower than I expected. Thank you for sharing this with us my 6 year old son loves learning how the world works.

I hope you had some pasties.

mining engineer had appearance and speech pattern of Benny Hill......kept expecting him to be chased by a bikini clad woman

I was at the Sudan iron mine last year

449.5 F° Love the videos and looking forward to the changes! Keep it up!

Were Tin and Copper rare in their time?Because my suspicion is that our mass population growth, industrialization, and even the Bronze Age itself probably depleted these natural resources.

On what y level is it the most plentyfull

EArth: It's not that the metals are rare, we just call it a surprise mechanic to find the metal. To give a sense of pride and accomplishment from grinding thousands of years to unlock the next age.

Tin is the basic element in pipe organ making . Pipes , in pipe organ , are made of a tin - lead mix . Historicaly , in Bach's time , Germans would prefer a 65 - 35 % tin- lead alloy while Frenchs would prefer a 80 - 20 % tin-lead mix for a softer tone . Both schools gave us the most important organ music composers of the period : Bach , Buxtehude , Pachelbel on one hand and Marchand , Balbastre , Corrette, Raison and a full of others on the other hand .