Most Planets Don't Orbit Stars!?

Рет қаралды 347,422

Жыл бұрын

Thank you to Trade Coffee for sponsoring this episode. Go to drinktrade.com/scishow to get a free bag of coffee with any subscription purchase.
Hunting for rogue planets is like hunting for an invisible needle in a haystack. But we're getting a much clearer view thanks to gravitational microlensing surveys. And it looks like there are a LOT more of them out there than we thought.
Hosted by: Stefan Chin (he/him)
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Sources:
arxiv.org/pdf/2303.08280.pdf
earthsky.org/space/astronomer...
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Пікірлер: 1 000

@jamesmitchell7707 Жыл бұрын

It's wild how we went from "Planets are rare" to "Most stars have planets" and finally "Most planets have no stars"

@robertdobie8680 Жыл бұрын

... and “Some of our worlds revolve around coffee.”

@Neyobe Жыл бұрын

… and then “Planets actually are a figment of our imagination”

@royeckhardt9016 Жыл бұрын

@@Neyobe What?

@NotYourCitizenAnymore Жыл бұрын

It’s funny as hell everyone takes on ideas uncritically

@toyocolla Жыл бұрын

... and "the real planets were the friends we made along the way"

@primedvalkyr5993 Жыл бұрын

Rogue planet. I want a Warrior planet, Berserker planet, Wizard planet, Cleric Planet, and a Warlock planet. :D

@CatBarefield Жыл бұрын

I want a bard planet

@CaritasGothKaraoke Жыл бұрын

I am old school and only accept thief planets and assassin planets. The former must have cleared some other planet’s neighbourhood. The latter will frell you up bigtime.

@petergray7576 Жыл бұрын

I want a Hipster planet, a DMV planet, a Delayed Flight planet, and a Borderline Ex's planet. Just for the Hell of it.

@Brown95P Жыл бұрын

Man, I just want another hospitable planet...

@NullHand Жыл бұрын

Just what we need. A galaxy infested with murder hobos.

@Derakkon2 Жыл бұрын

Makes me wonder if there are planetary systems in which a massive gas giant is orbited by smaller planet sized moons. Edit: Just to clarify, I wasn't referring to planets that are part of a solar system, I was talking about rogue planets that are their own planetary system, absent of any star.

@Caterfree10 Жыл бұрын

I mean, I think that’s pretty apparent imo. Jupiter and all its moons are basically a planetary system within a planetary system, for example. It just so happens that center also orbits a star, though I imagine there are at least some that do not.

@jesusramirezromo2037 Жыл бұрын

There are a few candidates of gas giants orbited by ice giants

@StarScapesOG Жыл бұрын

The universe is so big I would be shocked if there wasn't at least one out there!

@filonin2 Жыл бұрын

You mean like your own planetary system that you live in?

@filonin2 Жыл бұрын

@@StarScapesOG You are living in such a system, so yeah. At least 1.

@uselessgit11 Жыл бұрын

"Close your eyes and picture the most typical planet in the galaxy". Hah! I read the thumbnail, you're not gonna fool me into thinking I'm dumb. I already know I am

@chilidog2469 Жыл бұрын

I’m not sure how likely it is, but it would be incredible to see a “Solar System” where instead of a star it was a big gas giant in the center

@JediBearBob Жыл бұрын

The Jovian system already resembles that remark. Just knock it loose from the Sun and presto!

@valiroime Жыл бұрын

You pretty much described Jupiter (which is a gas giant) and all of it’s orbiting moons.

@chilidog2469 Жыл бұрын

@@valiroime i know, i just think it would be cool if Jupiter was far away on its own, like a mini solar system

@garethdean6382 Жыл бұрын

Oh it's very, VERY likely. We already know of a few brown dwarfs with planetary partners and the mechanics of star\planet formation should allow plenty of sub-stellar bodies of all masses to form their own systems.

@wacotexasmayor4573 Жыл бұрын

@@chilidog2469would be called a solar system

@TheDevilWearsMAGA Жыл бұрын

"What does this mean for us?" I thought the obvious follow up question would be: What is the probability of a rogue planet entering and messing up solar systems?

@garethdean6382 Жыл бұрын

Some calculations have been done, it remains pretty low, largely due to the fact that you'd only expect one getting close (Like alpha centauri clew million years and they should be far less disruptive than stars.

@chrisdaignault9845 Жыл бұрын

Basically 0 within our lifetime, certainly.

@TheDevilWearsMAGA Жыл бұрын

@@chrisdaignault9845 Certainly not Theia, you mean?

@ASlickNamedPimpback Жыл бұрын

@@TheDevilWearsMAGA There's no Thea planet, there is a hypothesized Theia planet, from 4.5 billion years ago... a bit more than the human lifespan

@QwoaX Жыл бұрын

If a rogue planet, even a Jupiter-sized one pulls an Oumuamua, the effects on planet's orbits would be next to zero. It would be extremely cool, though. Now, if a Planet entered much slower, it might end up in an orbit and a totally different orientation from the other planets, which depending on the size might have some gradual effects over millions of years.

@synapse349 Жыл бұрын

Seems reasonable to assume that orbits are so sensitive to instability that many formed planets would fail to remain bound, actually, just hadn't thought of that until now

@frauleinhohenzollern8442 Жыл бұрын

Then the planet wouldn't have formed in that orbit... The material to form the planet orbits the star in a disc, slowly items clump together. The orbit has to be stable for a planet to form. It becomes unstable when a second nearby star or brown Edward gets too close and disrupts the orbits ejecting them out of the system.

@Jfieldsend94 Жыл бұрын

I don't know about that. Stars have such a huge influence, the suns being between 50,000 and 100,000 AU. It would take a really close star to be able to affect a solar system like our own to the point it could tug even one of the outer planets away. They can probably influence orbits a lot easier but it would take a lot for something like Jupiter to reach escape velocity from the sun.

@Spike00773 Жыл бұрын

I wonder how many planets per solar system formed ended up being consumed by the star(s) because of instable orbits.

@patrickhackett7881 Жыл бұрын

@@Jfieldsend94It will happen given enough time.

@chadherbert18 Жыл бұрын

That 10-to-1 ratio of bound to unbound makes sense to me given the difficulty of planetary capture. I wonder how many get re-absorbed into the star?

@huldu Жыл бұрын

What are the odds of any of these rogue planets ending up in a new star system where they weren't originally formed? How fast are they moving through space?

@stephenmartinez1 Жыл бұрын

I would say it’s possible but extremely rare. The interstellar body that entered our solar system a few years back, but it was traveling too fast to actually be captured by our sun. The sun changed its trajectory but in the end it just kept going on a path away from our solar system. a planet sized object would definitely not be captured by the star. The velocity and huge mass would see it pass through a solar system.

@kingace6186 Жыл бұрын

According to what scientists currently know, Rogue planets travel freely in space with hypervelocity. Some of these rouges travel at a speed of 30 million mph (13000 km/sec). In contrast, our entire solar system is moving with an average velocity of 450,000 mph (720,000 km per hour) as it makes an orbit around the center of the Milky Way every 230 million years. IDK about the exact odds based on these variables, but I would say it's possible that a rouge planet might mess with our system.

@Deathnotefan97 Жыл бұрын

Even if they were going slow, the gravity well of the star would speed them up enough to slingshot back out There is a maximum distance and object can be from a source of gravity and still be able to orbit by falling towards it In order to be captured and orbit a new star, something else would need to gravitationally interact with it in just the right way that it slows down on approach and falls into an orbit And even if that happened, the orbit would almost certainly be highly elliptical, like that of a comet

@TheDevilWearsMAGA Жыл бұрын

@@stephenmartinez1 Except if the object's course is changed by e.g. Jupiter. We use planets to redirect and accelerate satellites. It works the other way too: Objects, large and small, can be redirected and slowed. It is thought that several of the minor planets (and maybe some moons of the outer planets) might have been captured by our solar system.

@stephenmartinez1 Жыл бұрын

@@TheDevilWearsMAGA there’s no way any of the moons or planets are from outside our solar system.

@juustokasajuustokasa6109 Жыл бұрын

"Gets nervous about rogue planets coming close and ending life on earth" "Remembers that space is so vast that even with that 40x bound planet number the chances of that are pretty much 0" "Gets existential chrisis when realizes that the vastness of space is just that, vastness. Even if you could travel at speeds of 99.99999% of the speed of light you still wouldnt get nowhere" Well that was a fun journey once again...

@perfectdesign33 Жыл бұрын

I might have missed it, but were these rogue planets taken into consideration when they determined that the universe is filled with Dark Matter? Does this amount of rogue planets even put a dent in the amount of 'missing' matter that is required for the systems to spin as fast as they are without flying apart or even at the high end is this just insignificant to that conversation?

@garethdean6382 Жыл бұрын

They fall short on two marks. Firstly, no they're not nearly massive enough. Dark matter outweighs normal by about 4 to 1. For them to be significant there would need to be more planetary mass than stellar mass in the universe, there would likely need to be more 'metals' like iron or carbon than hydrogen. Secondly, these planets, like all normal matter, block light. ANY source of normal matter will do this, acting like a fog through space, even if the individual particles aren't visible. This puts a heavy limit on any kind of ordinary matter being undetected.

@ssgoko88 Жыл бұрын

@@garethdean6382ell I'm not sure where you got 4:1 but I've heard that the majority of mass must be dark matter. If a planet has no stars it orbits and there isn't anything shining behind it, we wouldn't be able to see it. Full stop. If there is no light to detect we can't detect the planet. For now the realistic answer is probably "we have removed these planets' mass from the pool of mass making up dark matter."

@kellamyoshikage286 Жыл бұрын

Isn't the effect of dark matter matched by the predicted density of the interstellar medium? For that matter, "dark matter" just indicates that we haven't been able to observe it yet. The idea that dark matter is fundamentally different from ordinary matter in some way is just speculation.

@Morbacounet Жыл бұрын

@kellamyoshikage286 no, it's not. Dark matter is the explanation makes the most sense.

@TrogdorBurnin8or Жыл бұрын

@@Morbacounet "Dark Matter" is the PROBLEM STATEMENT - we don't directly see anywhere near enough matter to explain the gravitational and CMB effects in our observations. MACHOs, WIMPs and MOND are candidate classes of solution. "Dark Energy" isn't even detailed enough of a conflict to be a real problem statement, it's more of a "That's weird..." and could easily be an error in our interpretation of the cosmic distance ladder or our interpretation of prevailing cosmological history. Very large corrections have been made after the fact to our observations in both cases, but they don't seem to have eliminated the anomaly.

@peterd9698 Жыл бұрын

It would be interesting to express those statistics in terms of how many rogue planets on average we could expect closer than Alpha Centauri, and a guess at the probable distance to the nearest rogue planet.

@jeffreysoreff9588 Жыл бұрын

and whether any of them emit enough infrared (like geothermal heat on Earth or the heat Jupiter emits above what the Sun gives it) to be detected...

@patrickhackett7881 Жыл бұрын

@@jeffreysoreff9588There is a sub brown dwarf/rogue gas giant eight light years away.

@mindtsunami9443 Жыл бұрын

*Me orbiting this channel waiting for a new video*

@MaekarManastorm Жыл бұрын

Get a life

@ethan-loves Жыл бұрын

God the SciShow team does such fantastic work I am so impressed by this production! Amazing quality, and on most days of the week to boot 🤩

@RWBHere Жыл бұрын

Thanks, Stefan. We might even discover what the huge quantity of Dark Mass really is. A lot of it will be Black Holes and other super-dense objects. Some of it will be rogue planets. More of it will be asteroid bodies, and a lot of what's left will be dust and gases. Any remaining after that will be extremely interesting indeed.

@jakeaurod Жыл бұрын

The IAU definition doesn't include exo-worlds, sometimes referred to in the vernacular as "exo-planets" and/or "rogue-planets." According to the IAU planets only exist around the Sun, the parent star of Earth. It does not mean that bound planets around other stars are planets either, because those stars are not the Sun.

@punko9031 Жыл бұрын

I have had this question yesterday night but was too tired to check. Thank you for reading my mind sci show team!

@absinthefandubs9130 Жыл бұрын

So if Theia had hit us at another angle or was any bigger but missed us the reason we wouldn't exist wouldn't be because we don't have that big ol' moon but because this here rock would be cruising through empty space far away from our sun. Bit eery if you ask me.

@billkallas1762 Жыл бұрын

Jupiter drifted into our area, 4+ Billion years ago. It probably ejected a new planet or two on its trip, before it went back to where it started.

@xedsity 11 ай бұрын

Theia was a Rogue Planet maybe

@thedevildick1 Жыл бұрын

Love this channel and love each and every personality on it! Thanks guys. And I'm rooting for ya hank, you're the OG.

@hughdougall61 Жыл бұрын

What I think is the most intriguing question/impact is our species, single sun, our planet in the goldilocks zone, the formation of our planet, Jupiter protecting earth, geological events happening at specific times, and all the way down to whatever the 1st single cell organism that came into existence. We are special, and highly likely to be alone in the universe. A universe that is so massive it's difficulty for us to truly comprehend.

@belstar1128 Жыл бұрын

In the 90s scientists thought it would be easier to go to proxima centauri than finding rouge planets with a telescope but here we are.

@richardmercer2337 Жыл бұрын

Rouge planets may indeed be hard to find. Rogue plantets, not so much. (Note: Rouge is a cosmetic or reddish color.)

@quantumblauthor7300 Жыл бұрын

@@richardmercer2337she is stealing the emeralds

@samwill7259 Жыл бұрын

Now THAT is a speculative evolution prompt. "Make life on a rogue planet with no star."

@pedrosaune Жыл бұрын

actually, if earth somehow escaped the sun, deep submarine life could survive thousands (if not millions) of years, because the main source of heat is the earth itself, not the sun. Some microorganisms use chemiossynthesis (i'm not sure that's the name in English lol) and extract their energy from minerals

@jetjazz05 Жыл бұрын

I want an avatar like movie like this, lots of bioluminescent life, maybe lava, a great view of the milky way.

@szurketaltos2693 Жыл бұрын

Base of the food chain would be based on chemoautotrophs, dunno how long it could last though

@rateeightx Жыл бұрын

I already did that, Although being honest I didn't develop it very much because at present I don't know too much about biology or evolution. Thinking the primary source of energy would be hydrothermal vents, I took inspiration from the Yeti Crabs living around our own hydrothermal vents, Although thought it'd be pretty neat if they were eusocial as well.

@rfak7696 Жыл бұрын

A subsurface ocean heated by geothermal energy is a viable solution. Kurzgesagt made a video about this

@miriammcfarlane6972 10 ай бұрын

You did a good job presenting this Stefan. Glad to see Hank is still there in the team, and interesting how you delve into subjects.

@dogman2387 Жыл бұрын

Here's a thought: If rogue planets form like stars but aren't massive enough to become stars, it seems like the same process could form sort of mini solar systems, with a massive gas giant in the center, maybe 10x the mass of Jupiter, and then planets with moons orbiting that.

@KieranLeCam Жыл бұрын

This is actually really smart. It frames a rogue planet not as an oddity, but as another system, making it fit better with the idea of solar systems. Perhaps then not all planets form inside solar systems. The theory is then: large systems become stars, smaller systems become planets. It just so happens some planets form around stars. Very astute comment!

@mechtheist Жыл бұрын

The numbers of rogues means inteersteller travel is even more dangerous, if we manage to develop spacecraft that can approach some significant fraction of light speed, planets would turn them into bugs on a windshield.

@ASlickNamedPimpback Жыл бұрын

They're not exactly littering the place, this isn't like a star wars asteroid field, they're miniscule objects against the incomprehensibly large field of space

@garethdean6382 Жыл бұрын

I mean, at those speeds you'd need to watch out for asteroids, specks of dust and interstellar gas. Possibly an array of probes sent ahead and beaming constant messages back would help. Or wormholes.

@AnonymousAnarchist2 Жыл бұрын

@garethdean6382 well a 20 year journey through space at a speed of .2 c, or one fifth the speed of light would need shielding for dust and small collisions of about .15 millimeters of steel. this is in no small part because of the incredible energies invloved at relativistic speeds, rather then dealing with a punch through you are dealing with each bit of dust and atom casuing a small explosion in all directions, somethi g that ironically actually adds to the shelding effect. although light sails could be thinner we just have to make them larger to account for the holes they would produce. However the gamma rays produced from those small strikes would require several meters of water ice for humans. Something that i would much appreciate having in cases of running into something a bit larger then the average particle size regardless

@jasonreed7522 Жыл бұрын

@@garethdean6382the empty void of space has a density of about 1 atom per cubic meter, at .5C ≈ 1.5×10^8m/s that is a fatal dose of ionizing radiation per second. Ultimately we will need technology currently only available in science fiction like the Star Trek Warp Drive + Deflector Array, Hyperdrives, Wormhole generators, jump/blink drives, Star Gates, ect. And of all of them, wormholes are the most compatible with our current understanding of physics. (Granted we know that understanding is wrong/incomplete, gravity & general relativity don't mix with quantum mechanics) Its just for now the theoretical wormhole machine needs the mass-energy equivalence of Jupiter to turn on, and exotic materials with properties like negative mass.

@40watt53 Жыл бұрын

At those speeds a single atom could be lethal.

@HeisenbergFam Жыл бұрын

9:14 "keep that in mind next time you're pondering your place in universe" Thanks for advice, I will be sure to use it if we dont die from nuclear war

@rjfday123 Жыл бұрын

Great video. Good pace, delivering an interesting and clear main point. One quibble: 'a hefty qualification criteria' is grammatically similar to 'a large trees'. I know, it's terrible for someone to point this out, but it's what editors used to do, and it's probably what editors will do in the future, in this new media (sic, could not resist!)

@johngreen4610 Жыл бұрын

Unfortunately Latin grammatical number is pretty much a lost art

@Articulate99 Жыл бұрын

Always interesting, thank you.

@emmanuelweinman9673 Жыл бұрын

Stars are so self centered. Don’t they know planetary bodies don’t need them?

@cbpd89 Жыл бұрын

🎶 you're so vain, you prob'ly think we orbit around you🎶 🤣

@alien9279 Жыл бұрын

So much amazing potential for aliens and awesome sci fi stories 🤩

@TheMelnTeam Жыл бұрын

Would be a fun wrench to throw in master of orion or stellaris style sci-fi games, too. At least a percentage of these planets could easily sustain people if you're assuming energy production orders of magnitude better than on Earth (aka super efficient fusion or similar performance that we don't actually have, but the factions in the game must to be able to do what the game allows).

@anandsharma7430 11 ай бұрын

Fleet of Worlds, Known Space collection, Larry Niven

@Astarohath Жыл бұрын

"... Some might require stretching our current definition of a planet." Pluto: *Looks up hopefully*

@joe_z Жыл бұрын

0:51 "Some of them require stretching our definition of what a planet is." *Pluto has joined the chat*

@Johnny_Shields Жыл бұрын

We should call them orphans instead of rogues. They didn't choose this life.

@NamazuOG Жыл бұрын

Does this mean the definition of Planets has to change for intersteller Bodies? Because the current conditions for beeing a Planet include orbiting a Star.

@jesusramirezromo2037 Жыл бұрын

No, because they're their own class "sub brown Dwarf" or "free floating planet" depending on formation

@stephenmartinez1 Жыл бұрын

If you want to get technical, you can call them sub-stellar objects.

@melody3741 Жыл бұрын

Imagine if there's like orders of magnitude more rogue planets than we think there are and that they make up all of the screwed up mass in the Milky Way's rotation issue

@3800S1 Жыл бұрын

Finally! Pluto can be comfortable with it's accepted identity as an adopted dwarf rouge spheroidal planet.

@mylaughinghog Жыл бұрын

This reminds me of a short story about earth being ripped from the solar system by a black hole and how one civilian family managed to survive in a large apartment building with a large supply of fuel. The were found by scientists/engineers who were living at a nuclear power plant. Does anyone recall the name of the story?

@chumbucketjones9761 Жыл бұрын

A Pail of Air by Fritz Leiber?

@gortab Жыл бұрын

I believe it's "A Pail of Air".

@billkallas1762 Жыл бұрын

@@chumbucketjones9761 I remember that one.

@MolecularMachine Жыл бұрын

There's a Twilight Zone episode that's pretty similar, The Midnight Sun.

@bookworm3005 Жыл бұрын

@@MolecularMachinethat was my first thought too! I don't think the episode ever explained why the earth was moving away from the sun though. Almost makes the episode more terrifying...

@terrafirma5327 Жыл бұрын

Fun fact, a rogue world that has leftover radiation heat from formation could possibly have life. Depending on the composition of the world, a strong atmosphere could cause that lingering heat to accumulate with a greenhouse effect.

@deauthorsadeptus6920 Жыл бұрын

So type of life like an early earth? More then possible. But they wouldnt be there for long.

@stephenmartinez1 Жыл бұрын

It would not be surface life. The surface would be just as cold as the open vacuum of interstellar space. But if there was frozen water on the surface a mile thick, there could be liquid water beneath it kept warm by a geologically active core. It would be as pitch black as the Mariana’s trench.

@primarytrainer1 Жыл бұрын

@@stephenmartinez1 you wouldn't need leftover radiation, you would just need tidal forces like jupiter exerts on Io

@TragoudistrosMPH Жыл бұрын

Tidal forces of a planet on a moon could make a Europa like planetoid habitable for some sea life we're familiar with :)

@terrafirma5327 Жыл бұрын

@@stephenmartinez1 This is only true with a thin atmosphere, and depends on how long after formation we are talking about. Obviously the period of time that the surface could be viable from outgassing and radiation would be limited. However, that is talking over billions of years. There could be a period of up to 500 million years in which life would be able to thrive on the surface. As for being dark, yeah it is a given but life doesn't *need* sight. You wouldn't have photosynthesis but chemosynthesis is entirely possible. If we have a binary system of planets, the tug of the two planets could provide heat for both. As would a rogue ice giant with a planet orbiting nearby. Lastly, there is the heat generated from cosmic rays if the magnetosphere is strong enough that can be a residual source of heat as particles collide with the atmosphere.

@Conundrum191 Жыл бұрын

Plot twist: It isn't lensing due to small planets, it's that we are parked right next to a hyperspace bypass....

@TheRandoDude Жыл бұрын

I love this channel!!!

@Samael1113 Жыл бұрын

I would posit that a "Planet" not in orbit around a larger celestial body, typically a star, but sometimes a black hole, would preclude it from being classified as a planet, when one of the criteria for being considered a planet is "Having cleared it's orbit". It would instead be a free flying Asteroid, Comet or Dwarf or inactive Star, depending on composition, even if it had, at one point, been a planet and it is no longer.

@cspicer77 Жыл бұрын

Planet by definition has to orbit a star, be round and have cleared it's orbit. But of course they didn't consult planetary scientists when they developed that arbitrary definition. So we could stop being stupid and realize we know a planet when we see one and let Pluto back in the club.

@CL-go2ji Жыл бұрын

We may have to redefine planet. Again.

@HPDevlin Жыл бұрын

This means interstellar travel may be much easier for us than previously thought, since rogue planets may provide many stepping stones between ourselves and our nearer stellar neighbors.

@DrunkNamedJohn Жыл бұрын

Almost certainly not

@rs3rd464 Жыл бұрын

Unnecessary landings are dangerous. Every attempt gives the gravity well a chance to fuq you up and lift off is just as unforgiving. The only scenario that makes this viable is using rogue gas giants as pit stops to refuel.

@Bildgesmythe Жыл бұрын

They certainly wouldn't be habitable. I don't see what benefit you'd gain.

@fraidnaught9067 Жыл бұрын

Other than potentially refueling with hydrogen from rogue gas giants or brown dwarfs there's really nothing worth the time and fuel cost of slowing down and then having to spend more time and fuel getting back to speed.

@Brown95P Жыл бұрын

Unless you can somehow easily locate rogue planets and their renegade trajectory on-the-go from a reasonable lightyear distance *_while_* bringing equipment that can quickly and safely mine potential materials for refueling purposes, that idea is practically and literally impossible.

@johnlittle8975 Жыл бұрын

I bet the reason there are more rogue planets out there is because stellar nurseries are very messy and baby star groups scatter each others planets as the gravitationally interact with each other in their relatively tight orbits.

@xredhead7135x Жыл бұрын

"earth's worth" is my new favorite phrase

@TheRival-_- Жыл бұрын

Mb the universe glitched a lil bit

@BrandEver117 Жыл бұрын

Impossible. Perhaps the Archives are incomplete....

@ScottVanwilzonn Жыл бұрын

Also, perfect segue there at the end

@choty7066 Жыл бұрын

One of the definitions for a planet is that it orbits a star so yea we would have to adapt the entire definiton

@elizabethduffy2145 Жыл бұрын

How much of the universe is based on wiggling I wonder…

@LordPhobos6502 Жыл бұрын

This is going to make interstellar travel a lot more complicated.

@rebeuhsin6410 Жыл бұрын

Yes. But anyway if you're traveling at near the speed of light, a baseball would have enough energy to destroy a ship. Missing large objects would be easier.

@agustinfranco0 Жыл бұрын

not really

@libbil9943 Жыл бұрын

we better come up with a wormhole drive then

@oberonpanopticon Жыл бұрын

You’d have to be the unluckiest person who ever lived for your ship to accidentally hit the one large object within a trillion kilometres

@EnneaIsInterested Жыл бұрын

A lot of space between the objects, and in any case, we can just as well imagine travelling like the ancient Polynesians, settling rogue object after rogue object, which would be hugely beneficial to people travelling straight to a new star on arkships.

@theDoodofLove Жыл бұрын

Super cool!!

@jetjazz05 Жыл бұрын

To the center of the pull of gravity go, and find your planet you will. - Master Yoda

@JustAnotherAccount8 Жыл бұрын

A rogue planet asteroid would be insane. Even if it didn't hit anything, it would still mess with the orbits a bit, perhaps even make our days or years shorter/longer

@frauleinhohenzollern8442 Жыл бұрын

A rogue planet asteroid? What? What is a planet asteroid?

@critter5248 Жыл бұрын

@@frauleinhohenzollern8442 I think they are referring to if a rogue planet came towards our solar system 🙏

@Xnaut314 Жыл бұрын

I've long questioned if rogue planets could possibly provide at least part of the explanation for dark matter, since early interstellar models simply assumed that space between galaxies was virtually empty. Despite the media popularity of the term, dark matter is just a filler term for mathematically adding gravity that should be present to explain the observable universe that is otherwise undetectable, and if rogue planets are staggering more common in cosmic space than previously thought that could mean that dark matter isn't anything mysterious but is merely just regular matter that is surrounded by so much darkness that it's invisible to all but the most sensitive tracking techniques.

@SpinDip42069 Жыл бұрын

Considering that dark matter accounts for more mass than regular matter, and rogue planets account for less mass than stars, this can't be the case.

@jasonreed7522 Жыл бұрын

Per NASA: Normal matter is 4% of the universe Dark matter is 27% And the rest is Dark Energy Its simply impossible for rouge planets to account for that much mass, if they even put a dent in it they would create a sort of fog effect. For now Dark Matter is assumed to consist of some weird particles that only appear to interact with gravity and not light/electromagnetism. (Which makes it really hard to detect and study) It is true the Dark Matter is a catch all term that is scientists recognizing that their equations/math doesn't match theor observations so they need an extra term to account for it until they figure out what that extra term actually is.

@filonin2 Жыл бұрын

Rogue planets are not dark matter as they emit radiation and would be detectable if they were present in the numbers needed to explain dark matter. That was one of the first things thought of and ruled out. Regular matter always emits radiation, it's just in longer wavelengths. Dark Matter does not emit, and hence is not normal matter.

@jessicap4998 Жыл бұрын

Science: rogue planets Me: free, giant spaceships

@allthegoodthings707 Жыл бұрын

I'm not a Pluto is a planet die-hard, but if rogue planets are planets...

@dyne313 Жыл бұрын

Wait, how can they even be considered planets? I thought Pluto wasn't a planet anymore because it “has not cleared its neighboring region of other objects.”

@garethdean6382 Жыл бұрын

They're not considered planets either, but EXOplanets. True planethood is now confined only to objects orbiting the sun. The definition.... could use some improvement.

@absinthefandubs9130 Жыл бұрын

Dwarf planet, rogue planet, something that is planet-like but not a full planet. The modifier makes the definition.

@dustman96 Жыл бұрын

Names are only relevant to convey ideas

@fubarmalarky3061 Жыл бұрын

It could be argued that exoplanets are more deserving of the title planeta than anything in out solar system.

@kingkong8974 Жыл бұрын

What if they send things to a rogue planet to be a moving satellite to see where that planet will travel to. Imagine all the pictures it'll send back to us.

@ASlickNamedPimpback Жыл бұрын

Space, space, some more space, ooh look! Space...

@ssgoko88 Жыл бұрын

Look at all the nothin!

@ronglenn919 Жыл бұрын

Honestly, wow. Mind blown.

@AlexandarHullRichter Жыл бұрын

One of the neatest episodes of Star Trek Enterprise was when they visited a terrestrial rogue planet.

@The1stDukeDroklar Жыл бұрын

It also means that interstellar travel just got a whole lot more dangerous.

@leandervr Жыл бұрын

Nah, for interstellar travel, ships will have to deal with micro meteors. Rogue planets are far more rare and far more easy to avoid than micro meteors.

@storyspren Жыл бұрын

Or more doable, if you can hitch a ride orbiting one and have machinery dip down to the surface for materials if it's suitable for that.

@juliasophical Жыл бұрын

It ain't like dusting crops, boy!

@huldu Жыл бұрын

When/if we ever get that far something tells me our computers will be so good we pale in comparison. I don't even think we people would even be allowed to control a spaceship at that point because we make mistakes. Then again the AI would have deemed us unnecessary and wiped us out.

@lloydfromfar Жыл бұрын

Ha! I always thought that should be a thing! Glad it is becoming one! :)

@0whitestone Жыл бұрын

I remember seeing something about how the planets moved around a lot in out early formation of the solar system. It would make sense that some could be, or had been, jettisoned out

@jamesfarquhar8507 10 ай бұрын

The original meaning of Planet meant wanderer, so the fact most planets leave their star behind to wander the empty cosmos alone, makes it even more fitting of a name.

@johncipolletti5611 Жыл бұрын

Wow, with all the terrible things that can clobber us from space, now we have the Flying Dutchman of planets threatening us!

@ryanblystone5153 Жыл бұрын

Thank you

@rateeightx Жыл бұрын

I absolutely love the idea that a rogue planet could develop life, As long as they can have plate tectonics it should be possible, While most life depends on starlight, There's life on earth that doesn't, Living at hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean, Or off chemicals seeping into sealed off caves, And I believe life is thought to have evolved a good while before photosynthesis came about, So it's completely possible life could evolve and survive on a planet having never known the light of a star. It's possible it couldn't evolve to be as complex as life on Earth without a better food source like starlight, But honestly who knows? All we know about life comes from it evolving 1 time on 1 planet, Which all things considered isn't a lot.

@brucebillb Жыл бұрын

New apocalypse scenario: A rogue planet twice the size of Jupiter invites itself into Sol system and decides to sit between the sun and Earth o_o

@Andy_Babb Жыл бұрын

2:12 Sounds like me after thanksgiving dinner 🥘

@Miamcoline Жыл бұрын

Wow. What about any of these hitting us like a mega asteroid? Great plug btw!

@khadrelt Жыл бұрын

If you think your elementary school playground is rough, think again. Those stellar nurseries are brutal!

@drunkenobservations7483 Жыл бұрын

Makes sense to me. Planets could form wherever a large body of material exists and I assume that atleast once upon a time many of these pockets existed outside of a stars pull.

@aniksamiurrahman6365 Жыл бұрын

Imagine how much oil, gas, Lithium, Cobalt etc are waiting for us out there LOL!

@IchorX Жыл бұрын

Hearing anything about planetary interactions is so humbling. Literal worlds mingling and changing according to laws beyond our complete comprehension.

@Big_Un Жыл бұрын

SciShow, wonderful content. Thank you! First off, "Go Roman!". I'm a big fan of space telescopes. However, given that new launch systems are allowing for larger mass to orbit payloads, why is there still a focus on single unit observation platforms? Wouldn't a constellation of smaller observation satellites working as an array (similar to the VLA in NM) increase the resolution and data gathering capabilities at a fraction of the time and cost of building and launching massive platforms? Not to mention risk! Despite the delays and cost overrun of JWST, it has turned out to be a fantastic advance to science. But it was also extremely fortunate that the launch and deployment occurred without any major mishaps. (Yes, I'm simplifying.) As a Very Amateur Space Nerd, building an array seems an obvious progression but there doesn't seem to any projects that are on the horizon? It wouldn't require such a large constellation as we see happening in communication satellites that are being deployed but I would think that mass producing smaller, more easily replaceable components would be an advantage. I realize that there are smarter minds in charge of these types of things (Good thing, too!), so what am I missing?

@CL-go2ji Жыл бұрын

Good question!

@kenyonsgirl415 Жыл бұрын

Why does stellar nursery sound so dang cute?! 🥹🥹

@TheAmericanAmerican Жыл бұрын

Fun sci-fi themed prediction: far-future space pirates will make their bases on the abundant rouge planets and therefore be near-impossible to find as they hide from the Galactic Empire 😁

@maolcogi Жыл бұрын

Fun idea is a lot of those rogue planets could have moons, and if they're close enough to the planet it could cause tidal stress and plate tectonics. Who knows, you could have civilizations out there living their lives not really knowing what it means to live on a planet with a star. It could be warm and comfortable on their planet, They could see in infrared their whole planet would glow and so would they. They could be their own star. :D Edit: Now I can't stop thinking about two planets in a binary orbit, both hosting life, and civilizations, out in the vastness of space with no star. Both planets giving off infrared light so as they orbit the other planet would act as your "sun" until it goes back over the horizon. I imagine the planets' societies contacting each other and what life could be like in such an alien setting. I love Astronomy, it's really fun to think about these weird "what if?" scenarios.

@CL-go2ji Жыл бұрын

Okay, somebody needs to write that story.

@maolcogi Жыл бұрын

@@CL-go2ji sadly I have a good imagination but I suck at writing. 😭

@hoi-polloi1863 3 ай бұрын

The takeaway: when they demoted my beloved Pluto, they got rid of up to 10 rogue planets as well!

@matildatillberg3620 11 ай бұрын

I think you just blew a hole in my head. 404 Brain not found

@ianlanford6922 Жыл бұрын

how hard to form a planet is just mindblowing let alone how dead materials became alive then us

@toby9999 Жыл бұрын

How dead materials become alive and as complex as us is what blows my mind. I don't believe we've scratched the surface on understanding this one.

@greg_216 10 ай бұрын

"...a very gassy planet." Me: Ah, my home world.

@dinewalton Жыл бұрын

For along time i wish Star Trek would make an episode where they find a rogue rocky planet and they find a frozen civilization.

@ChrispyNut Жыл бұрын

"you get a very gassy planet". What a polite way of saying rude, intending to say something innocent. 🤣

@FewVidsJustComments Жыл бұрын

The name origins of planet just became more deeply accurate. They are wandering thru space, due to a wandering star, that itself is due to another wandering star (as kurgzesat explained).

@gimbatul9761 11 ай бұрын

Why am i so curious about this topic? Im subbed to this channel, and already returned twice upon searching for stuff.

@MrNoZedd Жыл бұрын

That scifi book I read Dark Eden is looking prophetic

@thesephiam Жыл бұрын

It makes sense to me. Anyone that has tried to create a stable orbit with one of those curved holes and marbles at a science center has realized it’s far more likely that a planet would either end up in a unstable orbit or get eaten by a star.

@SpinDip42069 Жыл бұрын

It's literally physically impossible to create a stable orbit with one of those.

@100GTAGUY Жыл бұрын

Thing thing about those demonstrations is the way gravity and friction acts upon them is a bit disingenuous, they're great to convey a complex idea in a simple way but dont quite encompass things on the same scale or with the same forces as space. Computer simulations are about the closest we can get to a real demonstration of a new orbit occuring.

@thesephiam Жыл бұрын

@@100GTAGUY that is true but even those simultaneous usually show that the formation of planets in early stages tends to a be a bit chaotic. Even the formation of our moon is an example of this.

@jfffjl Жыл бұрын

So the novel from the 30's "When Worlds Collide" was more realistic than anyone suspected for ninety years.

@LCCB Жыл бұрын

Well that sounds terrifying. Makes asteroids seem like a non-threat.

@brianfileman 10 ай бұрын

Over a few billion years, a rogue planet would eventually get close enough to a star’s gravity well to change its vector. But the odds of it being captured by any solar system are extremely slim. Makes fora great sci-fi plot though.

@johnlittle8975 Жыл бұрын

The only definition for planets that makes sense. 1. A body in space that is round due to it's gravity. 2 A body that has never undergone hydrogen fusion.

@dustman96 Жыл бұрын

In summary, we are living in a giant shooting gallery.

@1928zxcv Жыл бұрын

seems to be like finding a black marble, in the middle of our vast ocean, on a moonless night!

@purplecouch4767 Жыл бұрын

You’re a star!

@The_Opinion_of_Matt Жыл бұрын

You say baby star. I say someone should make a "Baby Star" version of "Baby Shark". I'm not going to do it. That song is the bane of my mental stability.