Multiple Sclerosis | Etiology, Pathophysiology, Types of MS, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment

  Рет қаралды 318,608

Ninja Nerd

Ninja Nerd

Күн бұрын

Official Ninja Nerd Website: ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will be presenting on Multiple Sclerosis | Etiology, Pathophysiology, Types of MS, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment. This lecture will include a detailed discussion on the factors that are believed to cause MS, and how MS causes demyelination within the CNS. Next, we discuss the most common types of MS including: relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, primary progressive, and progressive relapsing. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
Table of Contents:
0:00 Lab
0:07 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Introduction
0:26 Etiology and Pathophysiology
16:00 Types of MS
20:21 Clinical Features
42:14 Diagnosis
47:56 Treatment
51:15 Prevention
53:48 Comment, Like, SUBSCRIBE!
● Shannon Johnson, Medical News Today, Cranial Nerves [digital image] 2019. www.medicalnewstoday.com/arti...
● Natural Eye Care Inc. Optic nerve affection [digital image] www.naturaleyecare.com/eye-co...
● Carol DerSakissian, MD. MS Early Signs and Common Symptoms, WebMD. Summary of symptoms of MS [digital image] 2020 www.webmd.com/multiple-sclero...
● OHSU. The immune system attacks brain and spinal cord nerve coverings (myelin) [digital image] www.ohsu.edu/brain-institute/...
● Moises Dominguez; Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia. Med Bullets. Affection of the right MLF [digital image] 2018 step2.medbullets.com/ophthalm...
● Lecturio, Affection of the right MLF [digital images] 2021 www.lecturio.com/concepts/int...
● Danial Garcia-Lorenzo, Research Gate MRI [digital image] www.researchgate.net/figure/E...
● Danial Garcia-Lorenzo, Research Gate Different types of MS [digital image] www.researchgate.net/figure/E...
● Michael John Bradshaw, Research Gate. McDonald’s Criteria [digital image] www.researchgate.net/figure/2...
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#ninjanerd #multiplesclerosis #MS

Пікірлер: 562
@KaitCervi
@KaitCervi 2 жыл бұрын
As a medical student recently diagnosed with MS, this is a double benefit for me!
@umerbinshabir9819
@umerbinshabir9819 2 жыл бұрын
Wishing u remission and strength doc
@NinjaNerdOfficial
@NinjaNerdOfficial 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for watching. We wish you all the best ❤️
@satyammishra8637
@satyammishra8637 2 жыл бұрын
Get well soon dear 🙂
@theresam9513
@theresam9513 2 жыл бұрын
I am a medical student with MS too. I wish you all the best.
@RatedRicoT
@RatedRicoT 2 жыл бұрын
@@umerbinshabir9819 wishing the best for you, my dear!
@skrozneobican
@skrozneobican 2 жыл бұрын
Unbelievable how much effort, knowledge, love and passion you put into this video. You are inspiring. Thank you!
@mohamedadel-mt2bh
@mohamedadel-mt2bh Жыл бұрын
As a medical student, i've never found any medical content better than yours, keep it up
@SilverAscension
@SilverAscension 2 жыл бұрын
I'm not a medical student but I have MS your video just explained the parts I understood so much that even going to MS events never did about why some of the newer DMT's target things like B & T cells. Great video ,
@brookenewlin6971
@brookenewlin6971 2 жыл бұрын
I am trying to get my BSN and I am thrilled that I found your channel! Your teaching method is great for me because you have a way of simplifying the science and pathophysiology behind the disease. You are a true lifesaver! Thank you!
@madisonbarker8449
@madisonbarker8449 2 жыл бұрын
i live with my grandmother and she has had ms for years. This has been really helpful understanding what she is going through. thank you
@jowoo919
@jowoo919 2 жыл бұрын
I've been researching a lot about the immune system after finding myself quite interested with the Vaccine debate and understanding the underlying processes in our body. It is shocking how complex they are and how long it has taken to develop this level of understanding of all the cell types and interactions and its quite fascinating. My father has MS and is unfortunately in the severely disabled group with an EDSS Score ~9. I'm still in the first few minutes of this video but wanted to say I love that you are that kind of unassuming extremely intelligent person who is comfortable just being you. I also love your enthusiasm and way of presenting information! So cheers!!
@irfank106
@irfank106 2 жыл бұрын
I'm doing my MSc Clinical Neuroscience in the UK and your videos are extremely helpful and supportive. I just want to thank you a lot! Please continue the fantastic work to do
@drlatifur
@drlatifur Жыл бұрын
Unbelievable how much effort, knowledge, love and passion you put into this video.Thank you
@moyaserfathi7911
@moyaserfathi7911 2 жыл бұрын
Medicine is so easy with ninja nerd lectures
@carolkurtz40
@carolkurtz40 Жыл бұрын
You have a gift of teaching. I am studying for my Certified NeuroScience exam and have been watching your videos...truly amazing!
@natileelipe7675
@natileelipe7675 10 ай бұрын
I’m in the hospital and just diagnosed with MS. She was such a fun and thoroughly informative explanation. It answered all my questions so far and was so easy to follow. Thanks so much!
@sujata8957
@sujata8957 2 жыл бұрын
I have a research paper that I am working on regarding this and I am so grateful for this video, not only did it save me some reading time but you made the process of understanding this disease very manageable and fun!!!
@christinemoles8894
@christinemoles8894 2 жыл бұрын
Ninja nerd, this has explained so much to me. Easier to follow than my lectures, as I'm more of a visual learner. I just may get to write something worth marking now. Thank you.
@14sgs
@14sgs Жыл бұрын
Awesome breakdown. As a 55 Y/O just diagnosed you really simplify enough even I get it. I thank you.
@shireenfatima3815
@shireenfatima3815 Жыл бұрын
Take all my med school tuition fee like you rightfully deserve. You make things make sense so well. Kudos to the whole team and God bless you all. ❤😊
@jesseeekuh1
@jesseeekuh1 2 жыл бұрын
What a gift!! you are inspiringly educational, with gratitude!
@ASMediaHSB
@ASMediaHSB Жыл бұрын
i actually don't know how I would pass my physio master without you! It baffles me how amazing your brain is; how on earth do you remember so much detail about so much stuff!
@mubal2965
@mubal2965 Жыл бұрын
Probably one of the most interesting ninja nerd videos I've seen so far, I understood everything once and from the start, thank you Zach💜💜
@104silvae
@104silvae 2 жыл бұрын
First video I've ever seen from you and I am just blown away so clear and concise thank you this is amazing
@Kodama666
@Kodama666 Жыл бұрын
ive never seen ur channel before looking this up and finding this video but i gotta say this is one of the best videos in regards to medical science biology and chemistry that i have ever seen in my life and thats saying a lot because im an absolute nerd for understanding things on a nuanced level ur insane dude keep it up
@jordondewinkler
@jordondewinkler Жыл бұрын
It always amazes me how I can learn more from you for free than I can in my doctorate. You are great! Thank you!
@kathys8701
@kathys8701 Жыл бұрын
Thank you sooooo much for your invaluable KZfaq’s! I was diagnosed w/ MS 2/2021 at age 63. Doctors suspect I’ve had MS since at least 1987 … when I was diagnosed UCLA Jules Stein w/ pars planitis. I consulted 3 neurologists + numerous specialists (Mayo AZ, Cedars, USC + UCLA) over 3 1/2 years before diagnosis. Initial symptoms that came + went over time: bi lateral leg weakness, toe tingling that moved up the legs to waist, calf spasticity, fatigue, hand + foot tremors, difficulty speaking + eventually on hot day (88°) significant difficulty moving legs. My age + bilateral symptoms are both less common, causing delay in diagnosis. So grateful to you for helping educate about MS. If I can ever support your efforts, please know it will be my pleasure + I welcome contact.
@R-skl
@R-skl Ай бұрын
It's good that you have such a diagnosis at 33
@ferrislkpokpa7867
@ferrislkpokpa7867 2 жыл бұрын
Zack, your are just perfect! The medical world is blessed.
@hatran8358
@hatran8358 Жыл бұрын
You are an amazing teacher. Thank you so much Ninja Nerd. Love and much respect!
@mohiodindabeyl3491
@mohiodindabeyl3491 Жыл бұрын
Best doctor ever. You're beyond my achievement. We need really MENINGITIS LECTURE
@AasthaBajaj-hp8sv
@AasthaBajaj-hp8sv Жыл бұрын
wow. Simply WOW. Stunned and so grateful for you.
@may6760
@may6760 2 жыл бұрын
I was waiting for this..thank you so much ninja nerd💜
@mariammoustafa6344
@mariammoustafa6344 Жыл бұрын
Every time I watch a new video,I get fascinated by how genius your explanation is, thank you so much
@chooseaname1423
@chooseaname1423 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for this detailed video. I’m a patient with a “mystery disease” with specialists that all want to pass the buck and none of them are coordinating so I’m binging youtube videos hoping for an aha moment. I’m already diagnosed with several things, but none of them fully explain my debilitating symptoms. I was an OR nurse working in Robotics and Informatics and having the time of my life. At 32 I got a virus and all hell broke loose. I’ve been looking for answers for 6 years and haven’t been able to work. I would have diagnosed myself by now, but it’s affecting my memory and executive functioning so I can’t keep it together long enough to see it clearly. My husband has since left me and I’m waiting on disability, but I should have been diagnosed and on proper treatment years ago. I’m appalled by the state of our the medical system. I appreciate doctors like you that care so much and take the time to explain in detail because that’s what helps make a diagnosis for patients with complicated profiles. I wish to God I could find doctors that dont just run a CBC and say you’re normal because the labs say so and if you ask for more they say it’s all anxiety. 🙄 I got lucky with one great cardiologist that they nicknamed “the brain”….he’s very much like you. He discovered I had several conditions under the umbrella of Dysautanomia and sent me to a Dysautanomia clinic where I found another doctor who is loads more helpful than most, but has no time to explore additional diagnosis because there are so few Dysautanomia clinics and now they’re overloaded by covid longhaulers. Will you please please please add a video on Dysautanomia and coexisting conditions like EDS and mast cell disorders to your neuro playlist? It’s incredibly life altering as it is, and despite these not even being that rare, doctors are not recognizing them. Last time I checked, it takes an average of 7 years for diagnosis! There are so few Dysautanomia clinics that many of us have to cross several state borders to get help. I’m lucky to be in Washington where we have 2, but they’re so backed up that I can only get 2 appointments a year and med management is a nightmare. Despite my official diagnosis, most doctors look at me like I’m crazy when they see my symptoms list. Our patient support groups have thousands of posts from women being told they’re “just anxious” and need therapy and a life. Its so cruel. We need more awareness and I’m sure any of the organizations such as Dysautonomia International would pay you to do a video just for the awareness it would bring. One other video request I have is possibly something you don’t do on your channel, but the Autistic community desperately needs the attention of medical students and doctors. The mortality rate in this group is terrible. There are so many barriers for this group to even reach a physician, but even when they do, they struggle to communicate and are misunderstood. Many die very young and there is a very high suicide rate. Alexithymia (which is common even in the general population) makes it really difficult to feel, understand and explain what is happening in the body so a physician needs to assist these patients with extra questions and prompts. It’s important to raise awareness because health problems are rampant in the autistic community due to lifelong trauma and being prone to certain conditions. It would be wonderful if you could add a video about consults and how to treat certain patient populations. I’ve recently been diagnosed with Autism myself and realized that it has been a contributor to my delayed diagnosis. Hopefully you can help these two patient groups out 🙏🏻
@designernicki
@designernicki 2 жыл бұрын
Yeeeesssss - I love y'all and I had scoured your channel for this topic in the past. I'm so excited it's up now!
@tiffuhkneejeannine
@tiffuhkneejeannine 2 жыл бұрын
man I've had MS since I was 17 (I'm 32 now) and your video taught me more than most of the informative stuff I was given when I was diagnosed. you're doing amazing things, dude. keep on being amazing!
@tiffuhkneejeannine
@tiffuhkneejeannine Жыл бұрын
@Penny migraines can really mess with you, but I don't think any of those are really symptoms aside from the numbness - which wouldn't ever really go away.
@LaJuneGotOils
@LaJuneGotOils 18 күн бұрын
This was life changing information. My sister was diagnosed with MS last week. Can’t wait to share when she is ready.
@becherkapuka1405
@becherkapuka1405 2 жыл бұрын
This is beautiful ,thank you very much Doc
@francescaitta4775
@francescaitta4775 4 ай бұрын
You are passionate and ispiring. An entire generation of med students can't thank you enough.
@akritidevkota9504
@akritidevkota9504 Жыл бұрын
I just thanked god that you had covered this topic. As a final year med student, so much grateful. Thank you 😊
@down-to-earth-mystery-school
@down-to-earth-mystery-school 4 ай бұрын
Thank you, as a patient who is in the process of being diagnosed with MS. I understood about half, but geeked out on the rest! Appreciate you educating future doctors to understand sweat and this condition!
@5515246
@5515246 2 жыл бұрын
You guys are absolute legends! Thank you!!
@yunwang6367
@yunwang6367 2 жыл бұрын
The best teacher, the best video, the learning revolution!
@nofaelias2388
@nofaelias2388 2 жыл бұрын
Awesome lectures and great professor , I love the way you teach. I even introduced ninja nerd to my patients 🥰🥰🥰
@salvadorhirth1641
@salvadorhirth1641 Жыл бұрын
When you mentioned that macrophages can reach neurons through the brain blood barrier at 11:48, that made me remember that sometimes spirochetes can invade and remain inside macrophages. Excellent lecture!
@oksanagoroshchuk3656
@oksanagoroshchuk3656 2 жыл бұрын
Awesome lecture, thanks!
@gracesalgado8571
@gracesalgado8571 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you! I have recently been diagnosed with MS and have been struggling with understanding my disease and why my body doesn’t work the same in more. I’m very fortunate that I have a mild case, listening to you answered many of the questions I kept asking myself. Thank you for helping me feel better about not understanding why things have changed for me.
@alexandratomor3754
@alexandratomor3754 2 жыл бұрын
You are such a good teacher, i hope you teach somewhere, bc the way you explain things, the knowledge and the effort is amazing.
@BassingGalBarbara
@BassingGalBarbara 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for this video. I was recently diagnosed and didn’t understand a bit of it so it shows how talented and passionate you are to keep my attention! I just kept thinking of all the memes with the confused faces, that was me! All I heard was “a really crappy perfect storm in the body that makes no sense.”
@nottodaysatan4104
@nottodaysatan4104 2 жыл бұрын
Awesome lecture, thank you so much!
@geoffreyallott6058
@geoffreyallott6058 2 жыл бұрын
Amazing work! You kill it..... every time!
@israelnithin769
@israelnithin769 Жыл бұрын
your teachings are so passionate, I love your classes, Thank You.
@ophthalmology9889
@ophthalmology9889 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for creating this and sharing it
@eurobeatsexplorer
@eurobeatsexplorer Жыл бұрын
thank you Zach, its really nice to learn with you !! you make it so easy !! thank you
@georgiacongedo944
@georgiacongedo944 2 жыл бұрын
Wow... that's a heck of an explanation. It feels so good to get to understand something. Thank you so much :D
@katrinabarin44
@katrinabarin44 2 жыл бұрын
thank you for this video, I love how enthusiastic you are when you were teaching! It was really helpful ^__^
@jenigriffiths1004
@jenigriffiths1004 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for explaining this to me. It is making it easier for me to understand why I am the way I am
@ChowhallmsqdcUSMC
@ChowhallmsqdcUSMC Жыл бұрын
I appreciate you Pr. ZACH MURPHY for every single one of your videos. Professor! Could you make a playlist all about Testosterone replacement therapy and explain what happens while being on/off TRT and all the benefits and dangers at cellular level to the body. And in fact how to best start a PCT after a certain time of Testosterone injection use.
@libertymtungwa6075
@libertymtungwa6075 2 жыл бұрын
Highly appreciated 🙏 🙌 ......sharing your amazing knowledge 🙌
@alifhilmid
@alifhilmid 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your lecture professor
@LeonCouch
@LeonCouch 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent, detailed, clear, and complete presentation that is understandable by a non-medical student, like myself. thanks! so much important detail above most sources people go to first, like wikipedia.
@NursingBuddyOfficial
@NursingBuddyOfficial 2 жыл бұрын
Simplified and comprehensive!
@Greanestbean
@Greanestbean 2 ай бұрын
Thank you for this great review!
@terrimiller908
@terrimiller908 2 жыл бұрын
I could watch you all day
@dekabraham6660
@dekabraham6660 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your teaching
@alhamdoulilahyarab
@alhamdoulilahyarab 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for these interesting information
@user-wv7se3ko9x
@user-wv7se3ko9x 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much guys for this effort 💕💕💛 Very informative and helpful God bless you ❤️
@ssameeh
@ssameeh 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent as always Zach 👌
@tunahshiimi536
@tunahshiimi536 2 жыл бұрын
I'm so great full for your mere existence, you have saved so many of my exams ❤️
@kimlee1416
@kimlee1416 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing this information.
@paloma7157
@paloma7157 2 жыл бұрын
As a neurologist, I love this discussion and his entire content. He kills it, better than I could do.
@axellaskri2940
@axellaskri2940 Жыл бұрын
hello sir. My name is axel, 24 years old from Algeria. im 2018 i went to dentist to fix my teeth then went home after probably a week i started feeling numbness in my hand, troubles speaking, and diplopia. the the symptomes relieved without any meds, after almost 8 months i started having symptoms like lost in balance, troubles speaking clearly, diplopia again, and lost in taste and smell. i went to many doctors and they requested an MRI on my brain and spinal chord. the MRIs showed that i have demyelinating lesions on both spinal chord and CNS, been through a spinal tab and the IGg index was positive awell, and in the serology test i ve found that i have been infected of with HBV and the viral load was extremely high 9.42 log. i started taking the antivirals, and continued my diagnosis for the brain infection, been through a second spinal tab for HBV serology of Celebro spinal fluid and the results were positive after a year if research i have been diagnosed with MS and stared taking interferons which i couldnt handle. stopped it under doc's supervision and now am back on it since theres no alternative and no much meds here in Algeria now i have two questions if u may - can the hbv cross the bbb ? - did the hbv trigger my brain dymelination? i ve been searching lately and i found this article about ADEM, and started wondering whether i might mistakenly diagnosed. i would really pleased if answer, am so lost and cant find answers to my case. thank you so much.
@karlodomijan1811
@karlodomijan1811 2 жыл бұрын
I love your videos! They are very helpful. Thank you on that!
@uslwan4
@uslwan4 2 жыл бұрын
thank you very much man, this was very helpful
@sammy5658
@sammy5658 7 ай бұрын
Great video, helps so much to understand
@randhirsingh.203
@randhirsingh.203 Жыл бұрын
thank you ninja professor zach
@MoxitosWorld
@MoxitosWorld 2 жыл бұрын
absolute and only love for this channel
@aymenmezaache4670
@aymenmezaache4670 Жыл бұрын
Thank you so so much. I had my first MS relapse 12 years ago, but thanks to you, I know more about my condition than I ever did before in one single beautiful video.
@RahulRaj-up5ql
@RahulRaj-up5ql 7 ай бұрын
And did you experience any other relapse after that?
@aymenmezaache4670
@aymenmezaache4670 6 ай бұрын
@@RahulRaj-up5ql no I haven't at all.
@medexplained1212
@medexplained1212 2 жыл бұрын
I love you Zach thank you for these videos
@ek3451
@ek3451 2 жыл бұрын
wow very clear explanation! I'm still in HS but this vid makes medical school level stuff understandable to me
@joshuajasper4160
@joshuajasper4160 8 ай бұрын
Awesome video! Coming in clutch as always!
@livingwithms
@livingwithms 10 ай бұрын
Great video! Glad I found the channel 😊 thanks for sharing!
@neharana1461
@neharana1461 2 ай бұрын
great explanation of the topic. you are doing an awesome job.
@R-skl
@R-skl Ай бұрын
I liked it, you explained everything about multiple sclerosis in an understandable way, I think
@agostinaravera3284
@agostinaravera3284 Ай бұрын
You are amazing! I never studied medicine but find it fascinating and i can understand everything you show :) your passion is evident ❤
@stepup5338
@stepup5338 Ай бұрын
Thankyou Dr Zach!
@MrGarryCarter
@MrGarryCarter Жыл бұрын
Very informative for a non-medical student and a 48yr old suffering from symptoms, somewhat unexplained. Thanks
@successchukwu7205
@successchukwu7205 Жыл бұрын
Very very insightful. Thanks so so much. Keep up the good work
@carmenrasquinigrassiotofil1517
@carmenrasquinigrassiotofil1517 2 жыл бұрын
Thank u so much, amazing class!
@user-mj2lk5ui8m
@user-mj2lk5ui8m 3 ай бұрын
you are incredible. thank you so much
@gustavs495
@gustavs495 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks Prof God bless you
@johnjjpaulajj
@johnjjpaulajj Жыл бұрын
Thank you for this!!
@faisalalturki409
@faisalalturki409 Жыл бұрын
You’re the GOAT of teaching of medicine and all other specialties. ❤
@Marie-du3vn
@Marie-du3vn Жыл бұрын
Como estudiante de MD solo puedo decir GRACIAS POR EXISTIR!
@muoshas
@muoshas 8 ай бұрын
Thanks a lot ...very informative
@shahabalam3348
@shahabalam3348 2 жыл бұрын
One of the best channel, excellent explanation
@bevhenry4301
@bevhenry4301 2 жыл бұрын
Your awesome! I will be watching all your videos. Thanks!
@sherzodbekiskandarov1305
@sherzodbekiskandarov1305 Жыл бұрын
Thanks for everything
@MedsInfoDrAzmIshaque
@MedsInfoDrAzmIshaque Жыл бұрын
Excellently explained in simplified manner even pharmacist get benefited with your illustrations
@parkerthomastobia6469
@parkerthomastobia6469 2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the vids man! Really helping me out with my Neuro course as an MS2. Would love to hear you talk about Brain Tumors if you got the time! Cheers.
@colleenstack210
@colleenstack210 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this video! I am not a medical student however just an RN and this video is outstanding. I am one year into my dx and you do a fantastic job on explaining the disease process.
@NinjaNerdOfficial
@NinjaNerdOfficial 2 жыл бұрын
"Just" an RN? Don't undervalue yourself! - TG
@hildamikaelsson4582
@hildamikaelsson4582 2 жыл бұрын
You are the best! Thank you!
@smg-cs2xi
@smg-cs2xi Жыл бұрын
You taught me alot about my disease 💯, ty ty. After cov it got worse, we are working on it. Drs are low, staff, prayers 🙏 to us all.
@Maryam_siddyqa
@Maryam_siddyqa Жыл бұрын
A big big thank you ❤ beyond helpful
@bpninosan23
@bpninosan23 2 жыл бұрын
First video of yours i see and im speechless i LOVE THIS!
@NinjaNerdOfficial
@NinjaNerdOfficial 2 жыл бұрын
Welcome to the Ninja Nerd community!
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