Now imagining Celts and Germans going to scared groves to yell poetry at each other

I found the most impressive thing in The Gallic War was that the ground never buckled under the towering mass of Julius Caesar's ego.

Heathenry is one part religion and two parts University coursework.

Regarding the difference between Celtic and Germanic culture: Caesar had a vested interest in portraying the Gauls as 'a little wild and unruly but noble and tamable' while portraying the Germanic people as 'those psychopaths over there'. Great video as always! - Logan

1) I loved the nerding out. Never stop nerding out for us. 2) Calling the Poetic Edda a weird remix album is probably the best thing ever. I cannot now I think it and it makes me ache that we don’t have the original tales

Beginning of the video: "this might be considered more advanced stuff" Three minutes later: "I need to pull out muppets, I'm just teaching you about the days of the week"

“Wednesday is Odin’s day” will forever live rent free in my head 🥰

Key word; animism Animism is the core of polytheistic belief systems

I’m a Heathen and a History teacher so I’ve found my spiritual home on two fronts. Please - never stop nerding out 💚💚

Modern german here. Tag = day Montag Dienstag Mitwoch Donnerstag (thunders day) Freitag Samstag Sonntag (Sunday) Well this days there is a disconnection to the meaning off the words we think Freitag means (free day) and dienstag (service day) 😆 Maybe Christianity is to blame here 🤔

Wolf head garb... Black sword... Hey, are we all Sokka? Count me in!

I never thought about the religous places in Scandinavia, but it makes sense. I live in Odense in Denmark, which is named after Odin. It's pretty fascinating to read about these places Love your videos, keep up the good work!

German here, its funny that so many of the tribe names actually lived on. The one you mentioned called Swaebi sounds a lot like the Schwaben, people from a certain region of the country

If you look at the swedish and finnish versions of the word firday: swedish fredag and the finnish perjantai (this on might be harder to see, but the finnish translation for Freya is Freija so it's easy to see how freijan day could have become perijantai) I think it is safe to say that Friday is just the English trying to pronounce Freya's day

I would so dig a "part 2" to this video if you ever get the inspiration to make it. I feel like you only scratched the surface of this topic and it's a fascinating one.

I agree, the gaps in our knowledge are tantalizing, but also a bit depressing, considering how likely it is we won't ever know the answers to most of our questions. But, even I am a bit optimistic. There's nothing saying that a future archaeological discovery couldn't reveal more.

It's interesting to see how dynamic the old gods are. I'm currently reading how Hecate (one of my personal deities) could have originated from the middle east and traveled to Greece/Rome and beyond. She's even potentially equated with Isis.

I like to do my offerings to Odin on Wednesday. Well, from now on I'll have to ignore the voice in my head: 'Wednesday is Odins day'. 😂

I've also heard that seiðr in practice was often sung, or a musical chant, which lines up with how the Sagas may have been sung to preserve the oral tradition.

"So you can imagine incredible rituals, in which the legends were sung by those leading the ritual in order to pass on their stories and familiarize everyone with these songs. This gives a whole new view of what we've lost over the course of time..." Meanwhile, at a local Rock concert:

This video is incredible. I laughed, I cried, I felt hope, I got lost and had to replay a few parts. It has everything. AND I learned things! Honestly, your videos just keep getting better and how is that even possible.

One thing I love about our faith is its fluidity. Not just in Heathenry, but in the pre-Olympic Greece also. The Poseidon worshipped at Athens and at Thebes were heavily localized, and thought they shared a name and associations with horses and the sea, I think archaeological findings are showing that the Greeks themselves understood that they were different but some how the same, and this ambiguity didn't bother them. It's this comfort with seeing the universality and locality of something, and not being upset if the two doesn't match, that I find beautiful and inspirational.

I've been watching American gods and Odin goes by Mr Wednesday and now it makes sense

I loved this deep dive so much! I’d really love to see a video on the goddesses of the Norse and women’s role in Norse practice. I notice that that kind of information tends to not be discussed on heathen channels and that masculine deities take precedence.

One theory that I've come across frequently is that Frigg and Freya are one and the same Goddess depicted at different ages. Freya is the younger version before she became a mother and then became Frigg. Now I'm not saying this as a fact... it's just something that I've came across on multiple occasions.

A huge example regarding placenames might be Frisia, named after Freya. In The Netherlands you will also find placenames referring to Odin (Woten/Woen), like Woensdrecht

4:50 Frigg and Freyja might actually be the same diety! In the Scandinavic languages, Friday is actually named after Freyja instead of Frigg. (Friday being "fredag" in these languages; "Frejas dag", Freyja's day) This might suggest that Frigg was the goddess of love in Germanic heathenry (since her named appeared in the name of the day in that region), while that diety was refered to as Freyja in Scandivia during the same time (e.g. Venus might have been translated to Freyja instead of Frigg in that region). It is possible that the written sources later reinterpreted them as two different dieties.

I'm so glad that your channel exists. Because I'm trying to find my beliefs but i have no idea where to start and have nobody to look to. Thank you for this.

If deities were created by the people through a kind of common, universal unconsciousness, it would make sense that gods from different cultures would have similarities, because the problems people faced (food, natural disasters, sickness, etc) are pretty universal.

I've been wanting to learn about this here recently. Thank you, Ocean.

I'm really enjoying this channel! I love studying religions and mythology.

thank you for “nerding out.” it helped a lot to understand how the mythology and history meet, as i am trying to connect my family tree from the 1500’s to these historical times.

I sincerely believe this is the best video I have seen from you so far.

I'm supposing that Tacitus, et al., who aren't Christians at least have the advantage as observers of not holding the belief that there is only one true religion, which happens to be the one that the observer belongs to.

Still new to your videos. And hearing you get nerdy and getting that giddiness from this kinda information is exactly what I do as well. It's refreshing to know that I'm not the only nutt gets so cought up on interesting little things and just showing the love and passion towords this realm of knowlage.

Keep nerding out. It makes for great and very informative videos.

Fantastic! As always, elucidating, entertaining and enlightening. Takk!

Thank you for your insight. I do enjoy your videos a lot.

My favorite opening pun so far. Keep up the good work.

To the Friday deal, there is evidence to suggest Freya and Frigg are two iterations of an earlier deity, Frija, the two being included in the eddas would then just be an attempt to reconcile the two in a singular storyline

I believe the Rhine rather to be the "mixing" line, if you will. It's where Gaulish and Germanic deities overlap, and where it seems that they have not only lived on top of one another, but also intermarried. The Romans described some Gallic tribes in this region as being descended from Germans, and some in Germania as being descended from Gauls, some with a fusion culture, and some who's roots are obscure (possibly from so much and so long mixing).

Oh this is gonna be good. This is my favorite period of history.

I'll happily listen to you needing out, you teach me a lot in a fun, engaging way.

Great Video as always

Amazing video, really makes the gears turn!

interesting and educational, it taught me a few more things that i did not know before, thank you ocean

Perhaps the most objective approach to historical analysis I've heard, which at the same time covers the subject in a wider range ΄΄so. congratulations.

Im just glad that you don't only talk about the vikings.. The biggest frustration is when they talk about "the germanic" but then only talk about the vikings.

Amazing video! Even though I am not a Heathen, but some weird young Pagan, focused right now on the Western Slavic Paganism, primary on the area of today's Poland, where the Slavic tribes had contacts with (and assimilated) some of Germanic tribes after the migration and the influence from Celtic tribes that lived iirc in today's Silesia. I take big inspiration and energy from your videos to seek and learn more not only about my own path and the beliefs of the lands I live in, from the sources (that sadly were written by the Christians, writing in Latin and using the Interpretatio Romana, but still a somehow useful and worth sources to check), from the post-Christian folktales that have the echoes of old Pagan beliefs, but also looking into the the beliefs of the neighboring tribes! Chwała i sława, and thank you!

You had me at the intro. I'm sick of people just quoting Tacitus and being like, "that's it, that's the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth" then slamming the figurative book shut.

Please keep nerding out - really enjoyed this video!

This is amazing. I’m gonna have to watch this video a few times! And more books to read! Add to the list!

I just have to say, i share your fascination of any and all things heathen, especially in norse mythology... And i particularly appreciate how you've begun to add humor, and small quips into your videos... Makes them so much more entertaining... Keep it up... Makes things easier to remember... ;)

You are soo great ,you explain it all with humor😁i love it ‼

That’s a very nice and accurate explanation 😊 Thanks a lot to Lilee for sharing it

Dude I love the history nerd jokes. You may feel a little bad for adding them to the script but I’m very glad you do.

Honestly I would love if you did a more in depth video on the celts. While it would feel a little off topic the celts (specifically in Ireland and Scotland) seem to be often lumped in with the norse on their cultural similarities; knotted patterns are a common one. Not only that but the celts are fascinating in general, and as another pagan religion it would be very interesting to hear more about them.

Awesome video! Thank you! 👏🌱🌳💚

I'm not a Heathen but I've been curious about the gods of my ancestors before Christianity (I have both Anglo-Saxon and Danish ancestry) this is a great video and I hope you keep making such great content! I've found it hard to find studies of this stuff without certain hateful ideologies worming their way in so seeing this video put a giant smile on my face.

Love a history nerd sporting a Viking beard :) Thoroughly your vids, keep them coming!

I love the little Bear , lol.

Love the content! Thank you! Liked and Subscribed, can't wait for more!

***** love every video you put out.

Wish I could come to where ever your at and learn from u I definitely feel a connection and a good vibe from u. Keep up the great content skal

Love this video, as usual it is chock-full of some good info. Thanks Ocean! BTW I laughed way too hard over "a Rhine in the sand" 🤣🤣🤣🤣

In Groningen I was told by an old farmer that oak trees are protecting the farm from lightning danger. Because Oak trees are rooted different deep into ground water and very big. He said the bark looks like lightning also.

We need that video on the Suebi. Poor Aalie is going to have more reading material.

I've learned so much here thank you

I love this!

Tacitus approval? Well done, sir!

A great video. Thank you.

A frustrating dynamic indeed but satisfying frustration. Awesome nerding out session as always. I just want to say thank you, Brother. Your discussions always leave me(A norse pagan who recently stopped lying to himself about what I've always known at my core was true. Closet be damned, Ive been in the broom dungeon.) Always leave me with more questions that answers. Answers that are later shown to me if i want them bad enough.

Frigg and Freya used to be one and the same #Change my mind PS great video as always

This guy is great very knowledgeable easy-going he has a nice personality

god fuck how much ive missed chanels who dont bother me with "upbeat music"(according to subtitles appearently)and annoying cutting style(jump cuts and stock footage and such) just the facts and talking,you keep being you,your style is sadly refreshing,it should be the standart,not the exception,thanks for existing mate!

That Rhine in the sand got me! I subbed!

Thank you so much it was sooo interesting

You are quickly becoming my favorite norse pagan source of knowledge lmao.

I do a little happy dance whenever the notice bell dings for a new Ocean Keltoi video... Anyone else?

Memorizing to poetry or song is actually a learning technique for kids.Like singing times tables to a well known tune.So I can understand how history and stories would be related that way.In Australia the aboriginal people who are many differant "nations all use the same techniques not only for stories and history but wayfinding, mapping etc. I think people around the world came to similar conclusions through trial over many years

If we're on nerding out on language here; one of the Norwegian words for theft is 'ran'. Usually it's used if we're talking about a proper theft, like a bank robbery or in norwegian 'bankran'. Now isn't it interesting how the words 'ran' and the goddess Rán's name are so similar? For a seafaring culture, loosing your loved ones to the unruly seas would seem like a theft by the gods no?

This is interesting, thanks so much.

One thing I like to point out, is that Heathenry as we know it, was interpreted through a form of Christianity… that is no longer practiced. Both religions are different from what we see today, but this allows us to expand on our own beliefs.

Dude do you think of all these puns off hand or sit down and plan them out? I always groan audibly every video haha

Very informative so you keep on "nerding" away.

I love the answers leading to more questions. It makes me feel like I am being empowered by Odinn to search for more wisdom.

I hate how these videos answer one question and then bring up 3 more questions. Good video. Nice and condensed information for beginners or people that are curious.

One of my most treasured memories is of teaching my younger daughter the derivation of the names of the days of the week. I can see in my mind’s eye the look of eureka on her face when it clicked in her mind: “Thor’s’ Day” That was 35 years ago, and it’s making me cry.

The Romans actually got the names of the weekdays from the Greeks, they just "translated" and simplified the Greek system. The Greeks, or Macedonians technically, in turn took the concept of a seven day week from the Babylonians (or descendants thereof, I guess) and (sort of) named the days after another Babylonian list of seven names, namely the seven wanderers that the Babylonians of old had observed in the sky, aka the classical seven planets (which includes the Sun and the Moon). The Macedonians/Greeks also changed the order slightly from the original Babylonian, so the result was: Sun, Moon, Underworld/War god, wise traveller and god of communication, king of the gods, goddess of love, older god associated with agriculture. After "translating" the result was (Greek/Roman/English) Helios/Sol/Sun, Selene/Luna/Moon, *Ares/Mars/Tiwaz, Hermes/Mercury/Woden, **Zeus/Jupiter/Thunras, ***Aphrodite/Venus/Frigg, ****Kronos/Saturn/???. * - They focused on the war part over the underworld part of the original deity, Tiwas/Tyr probably got in there because both he and Mars were guardians of the Thing (probably). ** - While the two first were leaders they were also gods of the sky and thunder/lightning, hence Thor. *** - Yep. Freyja wasn't really known outside Scandinavia. **** - Kronos had an agriculturel cult dedicated to him in days of old. Both of these are titans and thus enemies of the gods. For some reason they didn't translate this one in English. Scandinavian languages use a different name for saturday which probably derives from an old term meaning "washing day", but there is a (very thin) theory that it might derive from the mysterious Lóðurr, which also possily could be another name for Loki, another sometimes "enemy" of the gods. I meant to just write a little funfact. This got way wordier than intended. Ooops. 😆

Thanks!

Thank youuu❤ new subscriber

This video reminds me of philology and Neitzsche. Basically a bunch of historical linguistics. Comparing words and cognates. Reminds me if his example of the Germans getting their words from the Romans like arcabalista (roman) to armburst (germanic).

As always great video and information. Thanks Ocean. Also love your Mjolnir. Where did you procure it?

Regarding Freyr: It is interesting to note that the ancient Armenians (who were called 'Van') had a prince called Vreyr. Could the story of the war between the Æsir and the Van is an echo of the ancient war between Van's and Alans in appx. 150 BC? This war also ended in a royal hostage exchange. It is also noteworthy that the Saga's mention the Alan's as a kindred people to the royals in the Saga's.

Much of the Hebrew Bible is meant to be sung too via canting in case anyone was curious. It's by no means necessary to understand the Parsha (portion), but it is an old tradition that helped break the monotony of large passages and helped with memory, much like we see in other cultures like Germanic ones.

I think it would be wonderful to have someone write music to the sagas.

Stories being sung was common among cultures who didn’t write things down because songs are easier to memorise

First off, loving your new Mjolnir

I really enjoy the style Heilung uses to interpret the art found by historians

Hi! Loved your analysis! One thing I read somewhere which might add something to the Roman "Isis" question is the Germanic belief in boats being vessels of travel to the next life. This practice seems to have been very widespread in the Nordic bronze age and was obviously well practiced by the Norse (and Angles at Sutton Hoo) later. Despite the lack of evidence from southern Germany, I wonder if Caesar or his informants saw something of this and made a connection? Stone ships, for example, have a strong connection to Freja.