Orbitals: Crash Course Chemistry #25

  Рет қаралды 3,173,053

CrashCourse

CrashCourse

11 жыл бұрын

In this episode of Crash Course Chemistry, Hank discusses what molecules actually look like and why, some quantum-mechanical three-dimensional wave functions are explored, he touches on hybridization, and delves into sigma and pi bonds.
Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!
Download it here for Apple Devices: apple.co/3d4eyZo
Download it here for Android Devices: bit.ly/2SrDulJ
--
Table of Contents
Molecules: Clumpy Globs... 0:18
Quantum-Mechanical Three-Dimensional Wave Functions 3:06
S & P Orbital Hybridization 5:27
Sigma & Pi Bonds 7:32
Hybridized Orbitals 5:52
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Пікірлер: 1 800
@crashcourse
@crashcourse 4 жыл бұрын
Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App! Download it here for Apple Devices: apple.co/3d4eyZo Download it here for Android Devices: bit.ly/2SrDulJ
@sudeepjoseph69
@sudeepjoseph69 4 жыл бұрын
k
@anilsharma-ev2my
@anilsharma-ev2my 4 жыл бұрын
Why crash course in chemistry It's blasting course 😂😂😂
@sky-zebra
@sky-zebra 8 жыл бұрын
I appreciate how many times you say "but why does that happen?" "I wanna know why that is the way it is" because its so helpful when im trying to picture what's going on. I can picture everything more clearly now. everything fits together. but its still confusing stuff, especially in my college intro course, but the "why" is so important when trying to understand something
@danchen3676
@danchen3676 9 жыл бұрын
About to fail my AP Chem test tomorrow!!
@mynameismud027
@mynameismud027 9 жыл бұрын
Dan Chen Same, HIGH FIVE!
@aksharpatel598
@aksharpatel598 9 жыл бұрын
Anita Dick same here
@rsALEX
@rsALEX 8 жыл бұрын
+Dan Chen bro i already failed most of my ap, stops being a big deal after a while. PS im not actually that bad, i just consider a 3 as a failing grade because the cuny system doesnt accept them!
@eatn_kilrcookie934
@eatn_kilrcookie934 8 жыл бұрын
Same
@Fristerce
@Fristerce 8 жыл бұрын
me too
@Herrenhandtasche35
@Herrenhandtasche35 9 жыл бұрын
I shall not rest, until I understand the content of this video! May there be lots of coffee!
@kamalnoor5611
@kamalnoor5611 9 жыл бұрын
+Carlos F. Banegas YOU DA REALEST NIGGA
@furqanmohammed4414
@furqanmohammed4414 6 жыл бұрын
I said that months ago. I think i got it now lol
@shortround6773
@shortround6773 6 жыл бұрын
I said that a 20 minutes ago. I think I got it now. Lol.
@artemishunter4242
@artemishunter4242 6 жыл бұрын
Did you finally get to rest or you still going?
@williamheywood9115
@williamheywood9115 6 жыл бұрын
n 1 1st energy level 2 electrons n 2 2nd energy level 8 electrons n 3 3rd energy level 18 electrons - n 4 4th energy level 32 electrons. the closer to the nucleus the lower the energy level. n i being the closest to the nucleus However these energy levels have sub levels s, p , d , f and so n1 = s n2 =s , p n3 =s , p , d and n4 = s , p , d , f , and within these sub levels are orbitals s =1 orbital p = 3 orbitals d = 5 orbitals f = 7 orbitals. each one of these orbitals can accommodate 2 electrons in them that have spin in opposite directions.
@margarcia20
@margarcia20 6 жыл бұрын
I wish these kind of light-hearted and aesthetically pleasing animation videos existed for more advanced topics in chemistry, like molecular symmetry and group theory for example.
@rohitfire1
@rohitfire1 8 жыл бұрын
what are these words coming out of his face
@my-crazy-fantastic-fanatic
@my-crazy-fantastic-fanatic 8 жыл бұрын
C.H.E.M.I.S.T.R.Y. Welcome in advance. 😆
@justfr4nk468
@justfr4nk468 5 жыл бұрын
try to go for the subtitles
@imadiboyy
@imadiboyy 4 жыл бұрын
Kunal Yadav he meant it as a joke lmao
@ahmednayf8985
@ahmednayf8985 4 жыл бұрын
😂😂😂😂
@MrOssyMoro
@MrOssyMoro 4 жыл бұрын
I found this part one of the worst in chemistry but it is also one of the most fascinating ones.
@ioalessandro
@ioalessandro 9 жыл бұрын
put the speed to 0.5 and you'll get drunk Hank explaining science.
@aniruddhvenkatesan6964
@aniruddhvenkatesan6964 7 жыл бұрын
Alessandro Manolo g
@elnovatodelaweb
@elnovatodelaweb 7 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the very needed laughs
@emilyjohnston5107
@emilyjohnston5107 7 жыл бұрын
why am I so entertained by this? XD
@shreyakc9618
@shreyakc9618 7 жыл бұрын
and also try putting the speed to 1.5
@atharvc9543
@atharvc9543 5 жыл бұрын
Especially at 1.11 it's gonna be awesome
@CFHistory
@CFHistory 8 жыл бұрын
Guys. He wanted to CHILL US OUT SO HE TALKED ABOUT ICE CLOUDS AND EUROPA'S ICY SURFACE IM BOTH SO IMPRESSED AND SO MAD.
@meepmerp1562
@meepmerp1562 8 жыл бұрын
+CFHistory I feel you brah
@meepmerp1562
@meepmerp1562 8 жыл бұрын
NOOO NOT TUMBLR IM NOT READY TO BE A BEAUTIFUL BUTTERFLY
@LunaticBiker11
@LunaticBiker11 6 жыл бұрын
oh
@Shockwave33333333333
@Shockwave33333333333 6 жыл бұрын
CFHistory That was so cool tbh
@brookegrindinger1392
@brookegrindinger1392 5 жыл бұрын
but are you chill
@surjeetchoudhary1525
@surjeetchoudhary1525 6 жыл бұрын
Eminem , you have got a huge competition. You all listened rap God , but here comes CHEM. GOD
@lex1058
@lex1058 5 жыл бұрын
lol best comment on this channel
@realdealholyfield9616
@realdealholyfield9616 5 жыл бұрын
you india you lose
@dehansilowe5987
@dehansilowe5987 5 жыл бұрын
😂😂😂😂😂
@krapp2260
@krapp2260 5 жыл бұрын
😂😂
@yuvrajdhillon1036
@yuvrajdhillon1036 5 жыл бұрын
Put it on 2x and you have CHEMISTRY GODDDD
@NoblexSoul
@NoblexSoul 9 жыл бұрын
there we have it guys, water is bent.
@FROPDESAI
@FROPDESAI 9 жыл бұрын
NoblexSoul No need for Water benders then. Poor Aang.
@omarabdelkadereldarir7458
@omarabdelkadereldarir7458 5 жыл бұрын
WATER IS NOT WET!!!
@scotch7731
@scotch7731 5 жыл бұрын
Omar Abdelkader Who are you talking to
@masterlaughter4924
@masterlaughter4924 4 жыл бұрын
All this talk of water go me bent!
@bhavya09musical
@bhavya09musical 8 жыл бұрын
"Weird stuff is my favourite stuff cause it means interesting questions". I found my spirit animal.
@my-crazy-fantastic-fanatic
@my-crazy-fantastic-fanatic 8 жыл бұрын
Lol 😂 That's so me!
@claudiaventura1644
@claudiaventura1644 7 жыл бұрын
i thought i could get slightly away from my stats class by watching chemistry, but when i saw sigma, i almost died
@Tide2375
@Tide2375 7 жыл бұрын
Enh, they mean two different things though.
@claudiaventura1644
@claudiaventura1644 7 жыл бұрын
yeaaah....exactly where i was going
@Trisevic
@Trisevic 7 жыл бұрын
Sigma hahaha. Too classic.
@raven2269
@raven2269 7 жыл бұрын
Balloons were such a good way to explain it, that fit in my mind so well
@vladimirjosh6575
@vladimirjosh6575 5 жыл бұрын
Indian?
@MariaMartinez-mj1cz
@MariaMartinez-mj1cz 9 жыл бұрын
Most of you are in high school chemistry... well I'm in Integrated Organic/Biochemistry and he is EXTREMELY helpful. Some college professors are horrible teachers!!!
@ALLIED7621
@ALLIED7621 9 жыл бұрын
+Maria Martinez With ya on that my professor is awful. A PhD doesn't mean you aren't a dumbass is what my favorite bio professor once told me.
@MariaMartinez-mj1cz
@MariaMartinez-mj1cz 9 жыл бұрын
+ALLIED7621 OMG you just made my night!!!! bahahahaha
@ALLIED7621
@ALLIED7621 9 жыл бұрын
It's true though some of these professors PhDs are suspect, no way in hell you can barely explain the material to me and you completed the program yourself lol
@drakeessick5730
@drakeessick5730 9 жыл бұрын
+Maria Martinez You can be smart, but not everyone can teach. And that goes for them to...
@Krazycutiegurlxxx
@Krazycutiegurlxxx 8 жыл бұрын
+The GM Well, true, but if they aren't good at teaching, they shouldn't be in the position where that's their job.
@nicolemountz3868
@nicolemountz3868 5 жыл бұрын
I've been watching Crash Course since sophomore year of high school. Here I am, years later with a Molecular Biology degree, studying for the MCAT, and I still refer back to your videos for quick, easy (and entertaining) reminders of foundational stuff. Thank you!
@lildeathpunk3307
@lildeathpunk3307 9 жыл бұрын
when you realize that high school chemistry is teaching you nothing
@antonckoenig
@antonckoenig 6 жыл бұрын
this is better than a months worth of school
@jadencasteel871
@jadencasteel871 6 жыл бұрын
Amen
@dandanthedandan7558
@dandanthedandan7558 5 жыл бұрын
I wish they taught me this in high school so that I could've shut up and learn some simple stoichiometry
@yesegg3596
@yesegg3596 5 жыл бұрын
They taught me this in like 10th grade
@hungryhyena783
@hungryhyena783 5 жыл бұрын
DANDAN THE DANDAN “Simple stoichiometry” Sorry, those words don’t work together.
@miaroberta18
@miaroberta18 8 жыл бұрын
I'm in college taking chemistry. My professor is nice, but she sucks at explaining! The damn book does a better job! Still nice person lol. This did not exactly cover what was I looking for, but the information was useful.
@aaditsingh3632
@aaditsingh3632 8 жыл бұрын
+Alex Romero I know right? When a teacher is really nice but she can't explain well and has broken English... I feel bad.
@sameerathreya9253
@sameerathreya9253 8 жыл бұрын
It happens. Being nice in attitude, and being bad @ teaching.
@fergs1561
@fergs1561 8 жыл бұрын
I'm straight outta middle school and just watching this for fun
@maddieebobaddiee
@maddieebobaddiee 6 жыл бұрын
Alejandra Romero Omg I’m in the same boat! My professor is really nice too but like she doesn’t explain anything well lol I wanna withdraw from the course but my parents and advisor said not to.. I’m so mad.
@2552644
@2552644 5 жыл бұрын
sameee
@thefartydoctor
@thefartydoctor 8 жыл бұрын
I utterly failed at AS Chemistry and I know why. I'm such a visual learner. Textbooks are great tools but they're useless without a good, moving image to show me literally what an atom may/should look like. This video has cleared up years of confusion for me. The cloud seems to have passed and Hank's ethereal rays are shining down on me haha.
@Bruh-qu1mp
@Bruh-qu1mp 4 жыл бұрын
When you realize you've watched over 20 videos on orbitals and you still don't get and you have a test on it tomorrow
@odin8352
@odin8352 8 жыл бұрын
-looking at me in the eye " or mybe just try to pass a test"
@fartzinwind
@fartzinwind 10 жыл бұрын
Today learned that a Balloon Artist would not make much of a living selling representations chemical bonds and electron orbits. Not as marketable as swards and dinosaurs.
@BlueMountain1992
@BlueMountain1992 6 жыл бұрын
I love this comment.
@DanielyaoDratr
@DanielyaoDratr 6 жыл бұрын
fartzinwind L
@tou7331
@tou7331 6 жыл бұрын
fartzinwind i love you. Marry me.
@JadeyCatgirl99
@JadeyCatgirl99 6 жыл бұрын
I didn't know that swards were in such high demand. I guess people like grass.
@artemishunter4242
@artemishunter4242 6 жыл бұрын
I love this comment so much
@KARADemonsChild
@KARADemonsChild 10 жыл бұрын
My AP Chem teacher tried to teach this to us in like the last 30 minutes of class. I unfortunately failed to grasp it
@aditisharms6208
@aditisharms6208 7 жыл бұрын
ay we got the same profile pic lol
@limflora1026
@limflora1026 7 жыл бұрын
SEBASTION!!!!!!!!!! Wait, no i should be focusing on electronic configuration, not a hot demon...
@tanishakore6678
@tanishakore6678 7 жыл бұрын
Anyone else cramming for their mid-terms?
@ThePppp89
@ThePppp89 7 жыл бұрын
Yep
@Curiosity15976
@Curiosity15976 7 жыл бұрын
Tanisha Kore Better question; Anyone NOT cramming for mid-terms?
@tanishakore6678
@tanishakore6678 7 жыл бұрын
Bloopys Kay Yup!
@sakinkirti3845
@sakinkirti3845 7 жыл бұрын
LOL i got finals this week
@ThePppp89
@ThePppp89 7 жыл бұрын
My teachers have been lazy so I haven't gotten my grades yet (a bit more than a week later)
@ISWBAPgamepl0ys
@ISWBAPgamepl0ys 9 жыл бұрын
to the people who are having trouble keeping up..if i was having trouble i would make sure that i understand all these ideas really well before i try to study through these videos.. he is going through them really fast.. if u don't have simple understanding of these ideas u would definitely get lost. but they are gr8 videos to use them as reviews
@xbo1025
@xbo1025 5 жыл бұрын
When you watch a complicated video at 2x when it is already confusing enough at 1x.
@jadonhato9461
@jadonhato9461 8 жыл бұрын
I'm British and studying for my Chemistry AS and I have to say whilst this is a bit beyond my level, it's nice to go above what you need to to get used to stuff
@danspitalnik
@danspitalnik 8 жыл бұрын
+Jadon Hato We had to do this is in my first year biomedical science degree. I didn't do chemistry A level so I had to go from essentially no knowledge to this in a few weeks.
@TheWorldPillow
@TheWorldPillow 4 жыл бұрын
My god. I wish I watched this a year ago. This is something that I have been trying to piece together for years now in chemistry class, a visual for /why/ the VSEPR shapes actually occur on an orbital level, what hybridization really is and why it happens, what pi and sigma bonds really look like... And here it is, delivered all in one, cohesive beautiful video. Thank you.
@GraceYang-ex3cr
@GraceYang-ex3cr Жыл бұрын
The animation was beautiful and this video was so pleasant to watch. I was stressing a lot about my exam and I'm still stressed but Hank's teaching style makes me smile. Thank you!
@nadine.99
@nadine.99 5 жыл бұрын
This youtube channel is literally the only way I have passed any of my courses since high school. You guys got me all the way to college and helped me pass my world civilization final yesterday and now I'm hoping for a repeat for my chem final tomorrow. :) You guys are a blessing!!! :')
@ajtepal8596
@ajtepal8596 7 жыл бұрын
شكرا جزيلا على انكم تقدمون لنا ترجمة باللغة العربية. هذا تقدم رائع جدا لانكم تقدمون هذه المحاضرات لكل الناس بكل اللغات المنتشرة حول العالم 👌 اتمنى لكم المزيد من النجاح والتوفيق
@jacoblee6079
@jacoblee6079 4 жыл бұрын
My brain after watching roughly 7 times: 🤪🤪🤪 greek wut
@aguti1111
@aguti1111 5 жыл бұрын
Hank, you just managed to make it so much more interesting and relevant than the last 2 years of chemistry have... Thank you!
@victoriagrace5134
@victoriagrace5134 7 жыл бұрын
watching this so I don't have to read mu boring chemistry book, thanks Crash Course!
@mostafaelraies344
@mostafaelraies344 7 жыл бұрын
you must read your textbook guy,
@TheRok
@TheRok 8 жыл бұрын
Some people think Hank speaks too fast. Try watching this at 2x, using KZfaq or Chrome's Video Speed Controller extension. I can understand maybe 90% of what he's saying at 2x, but I only understand about 10% of that! Chemistry really is the hardest subject ever! I swear, even calculus is easier than this, and much easier than organic chemistry! Freakin’ hell!
@Kelly_C
@Kelly_C 7 жыл бұрын
wtf is it weird that i find it easier to understand at 2x speed?
@MrJuandahero
@MrJuandahero 7 жыл бұрын
ITS SO INTERESTING THOUGH
@MrJuandahero
@MrJuandahero 7 жыл бұрын
i always liked chemistry better
@mack_raymond
@mack_raymond 7 жыл бұрын
I find it strange that this is taught in introductory chemistry. I think it takes an actual understanding of quantum mechanics for this information to feel relevant.
@ZyNeEnZyNe
@ZyNeEnZyNe 7 жыл бұрын
You haven't done much calculus if you think this level of chem is harder than it
@arizbeth1647
@arizbeth1647 8 жыл бұрын
so ready to show my D in AP Chemistry to the UCs yay!
@H0lyPh3n0m
@H0lyPh3n0m 8 жыл бұрын
riveting
@linusbantilan7106
@linusbantilan7106 8 жыл бұрын
I don't think they like seeing the D mate.
@mahli4880
@mahli4880 6 жыл бұрын
I’m in AP Chem rn is the exam bad?
@bddoof
@bddoof 6 жыл бұрын
probably
@ifonlycainwereabel2110
@ifonlycainwereabel2110 5 жыл бұрын
@@linusbantilan7106 i disagree lol
@apoorvshri5376
@apoorvshri5376 5 жыл бұрын
This was simply brilliant! I had to go through it 4 times, with breakouts to userstand some terminology more in depth, then return to this video. Now I am so grateful !
@A0G7
@A0G7 9 жыл бұрын
Despite his 200 word per second speech, I liked how he described us as massive groups bonds and atoms watching youtube and passing exams XD. Thanks for the ballons demonstration. It made me happy! lol
@deekshas3936
@deekshas3936 4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much, Hank! The internet is my refuge when I can't understand topics at college.
@maskedmarvyl4774
@maskedmarvyl4774 Жыл бұрын
Now I understand why I didn't understand orbitals in high school. My head would have exploded if my teacher had presented it to us this way. Thank you for explaining what a node is - which you never did.
@hydrogenperoxide7244
@hydrogenperoxide7244 5 жыл бұрын
The electrons squeak when the combines,that's cute😂
@Kazegalewind
@Kazegalewind 10 жыл бұрын
You know, ever since I know that electron is bot wave and particle, I always wonders what it would look like. The example with telephone chord was really helpful in explaining it simply. Great job, Hank.
@Viper00420
@Viper00420 10 жыл бұрын
you just did in 10 minutes what my teacher couldnt do in 2 weeks in class over this chapter.
@efeguleroglu
@efeguleroglu 5 жыл бұрын
I wonder how I couldn't discover this gorgeous channel during its journey from 0 to 8 million.
@fatherved
@fatherved 5 жыл бұрын
Use me as a "im going to fail my ap test this thursday" button
@georgeentertainment7185
@georgeentertainment7185 Жыл бұрын
For those who are thinking that this was faster than usual, IT WAS!! But, you can watch it over and over again. I guess, Hank had the challenge of packaging all this information into an 11-minute long video, so, this is the result! I am quite confident very few people could replicate or improve this.
@bethbecker8711
@bethbecker8711 6 жыл бұрын
THANK YOU, HANK!!!!!!!!!!!!! After years of struggling with this concept (I'm majoring in Chemistry and this is the third year I hve taken Chemistry courses), I think I finally get it. I can't believe I made it to Physical Chemistry and O-Chem 2 without actually understanding this, but now I think I might be able to pass my next exam.
@margarcia20
@margarcia20 6 жыл бұрын
A fellow chemistry major amongst a sea of children lol jk. Same, I'm taking inorganic chemistry and I had to come back to the basics.
@howardvandersluis266
@howardvandersluis266 Жыл бұрын
"Weird bags of mostly water" hahahha I see what you did there- nice Star Trek reference! (although I think the line was "UGLY bags of mostly water")
@dwaynezilla
@dwaynezilla 4 жыл бұрын
"Weird bags of mostly water" I appreciate a good TNG reference, hahaha
@TheRenaissanceReborn
@TheRenaissanceReborn 11 жыл бұрын
Hank and Crash Course, You did your absolute best to summarize an entire chapter of college chemistry into ten minutes. Knowing the material already, this was a great refresher. You're fantastic people. Keep it up.
@addieschlingmann5978
@addieschlingmann5978 8 жыл бұрын
oml rip my chemistry grade after tomorrow's test
@paulywogtheburnin8r364
@paulywogtheburnin8r364 Жыл бұрын
Thanks Hank ! I am no longer confused :)
@cyrusa6903
@cyrusa6903 Жыл бұрын
Gosh, I miss watching these videos in class in middle and high school. Wish I could go back to the good old days.
@FirstRisingSouI
@FirstRisingSouI 8 жыл бұрын
Finally something in Crash Course Chemistry I can understand. 'Cause it's geometry-y.
@gwensimmons_gigi1629
@gwensimmons_gigi1629 4 жыл бұрын
That was very informative... loved the dsp2 hybrid look, TFS!
@ValueHunt1
@ValueHunt1 Жыл бұрын
the sound effect of the electrons bonding is too good! ahahahha
@krisstorrio1030
@krisstorrio1030 9 жыл бұрын
I am freaking polish and I have no problems with keeping up. What is the matter with you guys?
@krisstorrio1030
@krisstorrio1030 9 жыл бұрын
Oh sorry, I didn't meant to offend anyone.
@krisstorrio1030
@krisstorrio1030 9 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your kind words.
@Camirandl
@Camirandl 9 жыл бұрын
wow ! A youtube argument that ended well !
@TheLoopProductions
@TheLoopProductions 9 жыл бұрын
I have my AP chemistry final tomorrow so yyyaaaaaayyyyyy
@99superjason
@99superjason 9 жыл бұрын
wohoo chem final in a day wohooo!!! i'm so pumped! not
@timewalker6654
@timewalker6654 5 жыл бұрын
When i studied these things at school, nobody told me its called quantum physics. Am glad they didn't.
@harshmnr
@harshmnr 8 жыл бұрын
"Clumpy globs of probable electron locations"...anybody else think of "a big ball of wibbly-wobbly, timey-wimey...stuff"? :) ~:~
@midlibi1
@midlibi1 7 жыл бұрын
(slow clap)
@hanjaekim9607
@hanjaekim9607 7 жыл бұрын
(really slow clap)
@JLukeHypernova
@JLukeHypernova 7 жыл бұрын
(A clap so slow it became fast again)
@reeshav4955
@reeshav4955 6 жыл бұрын
(slower clap)
@NathanHErickson
@NathanHErickson 6 жыл бұрын
(single lone clap)
@Lexyvil
@Lexyvil 7 жыл бұрын
These are so very informative, without being too overwhelming too. I wish education systems could teach as efficiently as this method.
@rogersowden2369
@rogersowden2369 5 жыл бұрын
Hank green has single handedly saved my school career😍 I actually love this guy
@Dingdong0130
@Dingdong0130 9 жыл бұрын
Yesterday in chem we were learning about this and now I'm more confused than when my teacher was teaching it.
@nykidxxx
@nykidxxx 9 жыл бұрын
I watched Kahn academy and they explained it reallllly slowly, it helps on tough subjects to watch multiple different teaching methods. I like this guy cause he goes fast and right on the money, but for extremely complicated information, you need to slow down with a diff guy.
@jennym732
@jennym732 9 жыл бұрын
Ni Yao I'm doing this opposite, the khna academy guy was getting off topics and I got lost in space lol
@abdullghoriO1
@abdullghoriO1 7 жыл бұрын
That pi and sigma bond stuff made no sense
@xternalmega
@xternalmega 7 жыл бұрын
sigma is the first bond while pi are the second and third bonds
@felixjaneway
@felixjaneway 7 жыл бұрын
It also can help if you're told what sigma and pi mean! The two terms describe the symmetry of the bond that forms. When you get two orbitals meeting end to end like those hybrid orbitals at 7:33 you form a cylinder shape. If you imagine a skewer through the bond as if you were going to spit roast it (through one carbon, through the orbitals and into the other carbon) you can imagine rotating it and it never changes. If you rotate it 20 degrees the orbital remains the same shape, position and phase (black or white) as if you rotate it 100 degrees, etc. This is sigma symmetry. Your pen has sigma symmetry. A drinks bottle has sigma symmetry. A hotdog has sigma symmetry. If you come across this later we call it Cinfinity, i.e. there are an infinite number of positions where you can rotate (C) the object and get an identical looking orbital. Pi symmetry means that if you put the same skewer through the centre of the two lobes of the Pi bond at 7:48, you would have to rotate the bond 180 degrees to get the orbital to be the same shape again. Anything less than that and the lobes are not in the correct position. There is another element to Pi symmetry that is not represented here. Those p orbitals that make up the Pi bond should have one shaded lobe and one unshaded lobe (representing peaks and troughs of a wave). When you rotate the pi bond with the shaded lobe and unshaded lobe 180 degrees you have phase inversion (i.e. the shaded bit becomes unshaded and vice versa). This is also essential to say something has Pi symmetry. If you look at the yin yang symbol, it also has Pi symmetry. if you imagine putting a pencil through the very centre of it and rotating it 180 degrees, the symbol will be the same except the black bit becomes white and vice versa. Take this backwards one step, what sort of bond is formed when two s orbitals overlap? The answer is a sigma bond, because they form a long cylindrical sausage shape, and so it can be rotated to infinity positions and be the same shape.
@evanjoshychittilappilly7959
@evanjoshychittilappilly7959 5 жыл бұрын
Pi bond means kissing lobes... Sigma bonds means... You know...
@ka.yl.e.e_
@ka.yl.e.e_ 6 жыл бұрын
the chart at 5:07 single-handedly saved my science career
@xandrewvondiue522
@xandrewvondiue522 8 ай бұрын
The animations are so cute, yet very clear in what they're trying to communicate
@gh-ps5es
@gh-ps5es 9 жыл бұрын
I understood what 'quantum mechanical probabilistic distribution of electrons in space' meant quite easily. I must be a genius....ok. I'm kidding. I understood it because I read the whole chapter on this in my text book but Hank's always hilarious and I still don't understand Chemistry that much. By the way, De Broglie sucks...ok he doesn't...but he does.
@FROPDESAI
@FROPDESAI 9 жыл бұрын
hemangini gurupriya CBSE or state board?
@FROPDESAI
@FROPDESAI 9 жыл бұрын
Abhijeet Viswa No we don't. It's really different for both the boards.
@FROPDESAI
@FROPDESAI 9 жыл бұрын
Abhijeet Viswa By we, I was talking about my board. Nevertheless, my statement was not accurate and I would like to apologize for it.
@gh-ps5es
@gh-ps5es 9 жыл бұрын
Uh...I'm from Andhra and it's Board. Sorry for the late reply man. CBSE here is different, they focus more on the application level of things and usually find theory easy. This was told to me by a friend who studied CBSE syllabus.
@FROPDESAI
@FROPDESAI 9 жыл бұрын
hemangini gurupriya Same here. I used to be in CBSE but changed to the state board.
@thetruthfulchannel6348
@thetruthfulchannel6348 8 жыл бұрын
Crash Course Chemistry is really good. This episode was particularly well done. Fascinating.
@hiteshsingh852
@hiteshsingh852 8 жыл бұрын
Helped me learned this all in a non-messed up way for the first time
@seapinkoyster
@seapinkoyster 10 жыл бұрын
Can you guys do an episode on quantum physics or quantum mechanics and the PES including the graphs of it. Really really love crash course btw, it is so much fun and help.
@coreylando6608
@coreylando6608 8 жыл бұрын
So, you guys ready for that AP test on Monday?
@renderinglegend5346
@renderinglegend5346 8 жыл бұрын
this is my prep lmao
@Foodgamez
@Foodgamez 8 жыл бұрын
+Corey Lando totally going to fail it but sure! go AP exams!
@AdorableDarkAngel
@AdorableDarkAngel 8 жыл бұрын
+Corey Lando I'm literally going over all of these videos the day before -_-
@cherrychan3656
@cherrychan3656 8 жыл бұрын
F f f f f f f Noooooooo ahhhhhh
@elliechidley9131
@elliechidley9131 8 жыл бұрын
I'm dreading it
@natedog4561
@natedog4561 9 жыл бұрын
all AP Chemistry has taught me is that i will never do this shit again if i have have the choice
@emilylouboze1838
@emilylouboze1838 9 жыл бұрын
I'm taking Gen Chem 1 in college, and these videos have literally helped me pass my class better than my professor's lectures...... I don't know if thats good or bad, but I ADORE the crash courses!
@jackiep1225
@jackiep1225 4 жыл бұрын
the squeaky water molecule is the only thing keeping me going at this point
@murlocow2996
@murlocow2996 4 жыл бұрын
Why does this guy look exactly like the guy who teaches the history crash course
@AgentHavoc77
@AgentHavoc77 8 жыл бұрын
Pause at 8:13 hahahaha-ahem apart from that thank you Crash Course, what would i ever do without you :D
@peacepeace8164
@peacepeace8164 6 жыл бұрын
Corvus 😂😂😂😂😂😂
@edgarruiz4073
@edgarruiz4073 6 жыл бұрын
I had to look this up for some homework and every site I visited seemed to be speaking in tongues. Thankfully, I found this, which has now made it all so much easier. Great job, great channel.
@sara4130990
@sara4130990 10 жыл бұрын
Okay I want to just say that this got me through my Chemistry chapter test so thank you so much Hank! :D
@ericschatz4943
@ericschatz4943 8 жыл бұрын
The hydrogen atoms make that sound. 2:40
@HoshikawaHikari
@HoshikawaHikari 4 жыл бұрын
Yes, I'm just trying to pass a test. (Thanks for the video, I mean it, really~!) Someone tell my A-levels chemistry teacher the drawing everything on whiteboard does not work at all please~ XD
@brandonhughes645
@brandonhughes645 4 жыл бұрын
My lecturer showed us his working using mathematica and showed how orbitals change when we change quantum numbers. So knowing that, I doubt you could understand any behaviour of these orbitals without the math.
@omarabdelkadereldarir7458
@omarabdelkadereldarir7458 4 жыл бұрын
This is one of the best episodes in the series!
@samanthabergman9804
@samanthabergman9804 11 жыл бұрын
I'm happy to know that you don't have a problem explaining more complex and abstract ideas. Having animated visuals really helps.
@Curlybgirl
@Curlybgirl 10 жыл бұрын
Did I just hear "Speedy Gonzalez" was chemistry consultant?
@smithmeister
@smithmeister 8 жыл бұрын
this taught me better than a level chemistry and I'm not even joking
@Nananana-dj3qm
@Nananana-dj3qm Жыл бұрын
You have no idea how much this helped me it’s been 1 yr and I’ve been trying to learn what are orbitals 😭😭thank you smmm
@DaniTessa
@DaniTessa 10 жыл бұрын
magic :) with this I might actually get into college :D
@pissingoffspammers5958
@pissingoffspammers5958 10 жыл бұрын
Orbital V-Sat
@tigerdragon59
@tigerdragon59 8 жыл бұрын
Thanks to the Kepler project, we actually have found some probable water worlds now, which is really cool
@anishtiwari1121
@anishtiwari1121 7 жыл бұрын
100 minute lecture in 10 minutes. Real crash course!
@bakakodachi64
@bakakodachi64 11 жыл бұрын
I've already passed my chemistry class, aced my tests, and I enjoyed every minute of it. But Hank Green, your videos are always entertaining.
@RubixCubist
@RubixCubist 8 жыл бұрын
tomorrows the chem regents and my teachers accent sounds like shes gargling maple syrup so this should help
@isuckatlifemutechannel6050
@isuckatlifemutechannel6050 8 жыл бұрын
How'd It go
@RubixCubist
@RubixCubist 8 жыл бұрын
I Suck At Life Mute Channel i got a 68 at least i passed
@ricodiaz8099
@ricodiaz8099 7 жыл бұрын
that's the spirit.
@dwaynezilla
@dwaynezilla 4 жыл бұрын
These Crash Course videos are by far the best ones on youtube for understanding. Great production value, and to-the-point.
@heatherhorsecat
@heatherhorsecat 4 жыл бұрын
Hank you're saving me, this corona virus cancelled regular college classes and my chem class was hard enough already. Thank you!
@pokoirlyase5931
@pokoirlyase5931 8 жыл бұрын
As med student ... This chem course is useful *__*
@907Angel1
@907Angel1 8 жыл бұрын
Wtf this is only useful if you have no experience whatsoever in the field of basic quantum.
@pokoirlyase5931
@pokoirlyase5931 8 жыл бұрын
+Ed Mar. in my country studyin'this is not part of the curruculum
@pranavvariava2685
@pranavvariava2685 8 жыл бұрын
+Dalip Baitha Sir pls don't comment until u know everything about India.
@respberry123
@respberry123 7 жыл бұрын
+Eddie Mar Medical doctors aren't quantum mechanics physicists.
@926starburst
@926starburst 6 жыл бұрын
India is such a weird place...I hate to say... but its more bad than good
@MysteryVoice1405
@MysteryVoice1405 7 жыл бұрын
Anyone else watches Crash Course and doesn't have exams?😂 Problem is we're doing this next year so I understand this stuff now but I'm confused about the stuff we're actually doing now because its an overly simplified version of this and I have so many questions but the teacher's like you don't need to know that stuff yet but at the same time she keeps telling us to ask questions to learn more😭 Its just so frustrating, but then again, high school is. Well, thank you for reading that rant😂😂😂 (and if you're about to comment that nobody cares then yes, I am well aware of that)
@alcoll1038
@alcoll1038 6 жыл бұрын
YouGotNoJams You understand? Lucky. I'm took an introductory course in Quantum Mechanics and the concept of the wavefunction itself is still impossible to grasp.
@joshwinn1676
@joshwinn1676 7 жыл бұрын
And this is why chemistry is beautiful.
@phuongly1303
@phuongly1303 8 жыл бұрын
This video helped me with orgo 1 better than the textbook and my professor's lectures...thank you!
@manofallkind
@manofallkind 8 жыл бұрын
So, by the end of the episode you'll probably understand what is said... AND IT'S GONNA BE AWESOME!! LOL
@sn1p3s29
@sn1p3s29 4 жыл бұрын
Wait. How do two s orbitals and three p orbitals combine to make four sp orbitals
@rogerbust
@rogerbust 5 жыл бұрын
Excellent for Teachers looking to explain (or provide) simple detail.
@bluevelvetofficial1822
@bluevelvetofficial1822 4 жыл бұрын
I watched these videos before my Oxford interview and I ended up getting in.. Tyvm
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