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Polarography is the study of the electrolysis of solutions of electrooxidizable and
or electroreducible substances between a dropping mercury electrode (DME) and some reference electrode (RE) . The potential between these electrodes is varied and the consequent changes in the flow of current is measured. On plotting the changes in current flow versus the potential variation, one obtains an i - E curve known as polarogram.
The concentration of cadmium ion in an unknown solution will be determined by
measuring the polarographic diffusion current of this solution and relating the magnitude of this current to the diffusion current of a solution containing a known amount of cadmium ion.