Public vs Private IP Address

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2 жыл бұрын

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What are the differences between public and private IP addresses? Public IP addresses are registered on the internet. It’s what gives you access to the world wide web. Private IP addresses are not publicly registered on the internet. So you can’t access the internet using a private IP address.

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@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 2 жыл бұрын

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@nerd2544 2 жыл бұрын

man a year ago I started watching your vids because we were just starting a module on Internet and stuff (TCP/IP, OSI, etc) and I was confused on a lot of stuff about NAT and MAC addresses and now 2 months away from my uni entrance exams, I come back to revisit this topic for revision and I find out you're posting all these new vids on networks and stuff, hallelujah 😼

@MRDamar 2 жыл бұрын

I recently hosted a Minecraft server and I have a problem which is that it uses the private ip so only players connected to the same network can join I want to switch it to be hosting the server on my public IP address so anyone from anywhere can join the server. Can you guys help me with that?

@mr.liquifier8343 Жыл бұрын

How does VPNS work

@mr.liquifier8343 Жыл бұрын

Also If we run out of public IPs wouldnt we have to add another private IP for IP location so Ur town has an IP then that IP has ur IP identity which goes to you and then that IP goes to ur device?

@langtontdzapenga2746 Жыл бұрын

😮

@toddhadley2696 Жыл бұрын

This dude is the best! All of his videos are clear, concise, and so easy to understand. I passed my A+ due to a large portion of his videos.

@viking3035 Жыл бұрын

Totally agree with the opinion, especially for such a completely fresh one in networking as I am, the materials explained here are just brilliant, wish you prosperous development👍

@user-lm9li2tr5j Жыл бұрын

Absolutely 👍

@jacobalexander560 10 ай бұрын

I will be taking my A+ soon, any advice?

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@akshi3139 2 жыл бұрын

Whoever you are behind this channel. I really salute for your efforts and knowledge you put creating these to the point tutorials. You always make it so simple and exactly to the point what most people stuck with at and searching for. Thanks a lot

@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 2 жыл бұрын

So nice of you

@rodsmade Жыл бұрын

@@PowerCertAnimatedVideos I second this VEHEMENTLY. This channel really has something unique to it. Thank you very much for your service!

@hyderabadperlmongers3654 Жыл бұрын

i echo with you

@serious6037 Жыл бұрын

True.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@Mastakilla91 2 жыл бұрын

Finally a simple video that explains this in simple words. I've been looking for this for 10 years.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@eunicecallueng 2 ай бұрын

This is the very first time that I will leave a KZfaq comment. Without a doubt, I have never subscribed to a better channel than this one. Each videos provide an accurate and easily understood explanation. I sincerely appreciate all of your hard work. Keep up the great work sir!

@alexeat-sand9938 2 жыл бұрын

if you were my teacher i would probably be CEO of Yahoo

@Jomster777 Ай бұрын

Probably CTO at best. Basically the CEO of the company but handles more on the Technology-side of operations. CTO’s are not on the same level as CEOs btw, fyi.

@purplevanilla 17 күн бұрын

Keep dreaming.

@alexeat-sand9938 16 күн бұрын

@@purplevanilla the good thing is dreams are free

@purplevanilla 16 күн бұрын

@@alexeat-sand9938 air is also free so what's ur point

@ericsmith5150 8 күн бұрын

😂@@purplevanilla

@James_Knott 2 жыл бұрын

A few points. Some ISPs hand out private addresses, which mean customers are already behind NAT and so cannot connect to their own network from elsewhere. NAT also breaks some protocols. Also, address classes are obsolete, replaced with classless addresses, where a base address and subnet mask are specified. BTW, according to Vint Cerf, the guy who invented this, 32 bit addresses were only intended to be used for proof of concept, with the final version having a much larger address space. Unfortunately, IPv4 escaped, leaving the world trying to get by with only 32 bits addresses.

@remetremet 2 жыл бұрын

Primary problem of IPv4 in the begining were classes* - and therefor wasting of resources. Unfortunatelly there is the same situation with IPv6 today - every single device should recieve /64 address block (for what?). So it's still unnecessary wasting of resources. Classes are obsolete for almost 30 years, but it was very bad start.

@James_Knott 2 жыл бұрын

@@remetremet In the beginning there were no classes. The classes were created to make more networks, of varying sizes, available. Originally, it was just 256 of what became class A networks. Later, address classes were deprecated in favour of classless addresses with a subnet mask. Look up Classless Inter-Domain Routing for more info.

@dannylck1 2 жыл бұрын

i wish i can understand ~~~~~

@James_Knott 2 жыл бұрын

@@remetremet One other thing about that "waste of resources". While the idea was it would be impossible to run out, another benefit is security. With the address space so sparsely populated, it's virtually impossible to scan for targets to attack. That/64 block has as many addresses as the entire IPv4 address range squared! To give an idea of how big the IPv6 address space is, there are enough addresses to give every person on earth over 4000 /48s. A /48 contains 65536 /64s. And this is with only 1/8 of the address space assigned to global addresses.

@James_Knott 2 жыл бұрын

@@dannylck1 What is it you don't understand?

@Iluvc4rs 8 ай бұрын

From someone that had little to no knowledge regarding the topic, this has been rather educating. Thank you!

@bokagnemounir9391 9 ай бұрын

You've become my #1 Teacher on Networking... Thank you very much for making this video accessible...

@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 9 ай бұрын

Happy to help

@kcarmack99 4 ай бұрын

This is an extremely helpful video. I work in IT and regularly get questions from clients about their employees'/family members' internet activities. I do the best I can in explaining public/private IP addresses in layman's terms and will supplement my tutorials with this video in the future.

@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 4 ай бұрын

Glad it was helpful!

@RBASB10 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Guys, do you have any idea how informative this video really is? I love the directness of the video. No Crap music playing and talking nonsense before you explain the contents. Thank you super kindly. This video is far better than what you think. You’ve helped me out so much. Basically…exams are coming up. (Fundamentals) have a great day. 🙏🏻

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@prestonoreilly3890 Жыл бұрын

I have looked for many explanations on IP addressing. This is by far the best!

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@thebioreligiotomist1939 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for your invaluable service to humanity. Even a 5th grader can understand and apply your teaching.You rock!

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@vaniad555 Жыл бұрын

I am taking the cisco courses and thanks to you it all becomes clear and easy to connect the dots, most of all no waste of time but right at the point.

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@VinayKumar-xg8kq 2 жыл бұрын

Your great. You explain each and every concept undersatable to anyone. Please continue your dedication. Looking forward to see more from you...

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@gwgux 2 жыл бұрын

A couple things: Most Linux computers these days use "ip a" to get their ip address instead of "ifconfig". The old command can be installed, but is not always there by default. Also, at some point you may want to do a video on specific IP addresses used for multicast, loopback, and broadcast if you haven't done so already.

@denkozlov4220 2 жыл бұрын

ip addr show - the full command

@novriastariihsan9991 2 жыл бұрын

Command prompt for OS

@briabolling4583 2 жыл бұрын

I would love this type of video by this KZfaqr

@rechargebattery6005 2 жыл бұрын

This is by far the best explanation of things in the IT world! I thank you from the bottom of my heart for this great channel. Keep it up!

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@YoloTravelExplorer 2 жыл бұрын

I always admire how you always giving so much time for your tutorial, I'm not sure if this under your scope, but I'm hoping to hear tutorial on one of the popular system internal tools the "Process explorer"

@novriastariihsan9991 2 жыл бұрын

You can go through on my Digital Library

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@gothparadigm 11 ай бұрын

from one trekkie to another, thank you for existing.

@andrewbenyeogor5534 7 ай бұрын

I have really learnt a lot from your videos, and will be so happy to join your channel to support. Your animations are awesome, made the learning experience awesome.

@joeblow1688 Жыл бұрын

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@softwareeEngineering 29 күн бұрын

hello bro, I have to admit that to me your videos are personally the best in terms of explanation. Keep up the good work 😊

@thecrownofnoah9100 2 жыл бұрын

Wow now I know what NAT is used for thx bro

@rajhansyewale409 2 жыл бұрын

exellant information. you solve my biggest myth behind the ip address... thnak you

@didi_abdillah 2 жыл бұрын

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@czar5870 2 жыл бұрын

I really like how you make it simple as possible and still make it understandable. I really enjoy your videos. Short, simple and understandable! Keep the good work up, I’m a new subscriber!🔥

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@ayanaram7995 2 жыл бұрын

Can you do a video on the OSI Model and the TCP/IP Address? You're videos are super duper helpful. Thank you so much for making them!!

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@melissachinnici 2 жыл бұрын

this is saving my life rn working as a generalist in tech support.

@VinhNguyen-ul8yg 2 жыл бұрын

You have the best to the point videos out there based on specific IT topics. Thank You.

@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 2 жыл бұрын

I appreciate that!

@VinhNguyen-ul8yg 2 жыл бұрын

@@PowerCertAnimatedVideos actually you are the one that deserves the appreciation. I am trying to get my comp tia A+ and network certification and your channel has helped me understand the topics better. I love the fact your videos are short and concise.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@krankyy9950 2 ай бұрын

The best channel ever. So accurate and simple to understand. Crystal clear explanations

@TeurastajaNexus 6 ай бұрын

For those people that have problems with games because of strict NAT type, ask your ISP for a public IP. Did the job for me.

@dora4e Жыл бұрын

Very simple some humans do need this knowledge to undestand the differences 🎉

@learnawais3015 Жыл бұрын

Hats Off. One of the best channel available on youtube for understanding technology. God Bless U Sir.

@blcjck8121 2 жыл бұрын

It might be beneficial to explain CGN's next since this is fast becoming the norm for ISP's because of IPv4 shortage. And so your ISP assigned IP would not be public.

@James_Knott 2 жыл бұрын

I mentioned that in an earlier reply. Of course the answer to this nonsense is to move to IPv6. I have a /56 prefix from my ISP, which provides 2^72 public addresses. On IPv6 a network would normally be /64, which provides 18.4 billion, billion addresses. A /56 provides 256 /64s.

@blcjck8121 2 жыл бұрын

@@James_Knott Totally agree. Old habits I guess. I've also heard some express fear of not being behind NAT on IPv6 as there's a sense of security in that.

@remetremet 2 жыл бұрын

@@James_Knott I have IPv6 too (from one of two ISPs), but dual-stack is a must for at least next ten years. Not mentioning that about half of devices in my LAN are IPv4 only (even 2021 bought devices). So pure IPv6 is still far future :-(

@James_Knott 2 жыл бұрын

@@remetremet Well, some transition method is needed. My ISP also provides dual stack, but on the cell network they use 464XLAT, which converts IPv4 to IPv6 when needed. This means they can have an IPv6 only network, but I don't know if they're there yet. ISPs could also use it. Some ISPs use CGNAT for IPv4 in addition to IPv6.

@novriastariihsan9991 2 жыл бұрын

IP config on command prompt OS

@elyesgmz_lil_boi 2 жыл бұрын

dude, imagine if the thumbnail actually shows a real ip of someone 💀💀 and good explanations, keep it up

@tricky_d1672 Жыл бұрын

Dude you are awesome. This vid helped my conceptualize the ip address for private and public. I paused at different times and just thought about it. I can explain this to my family and friends which means i understand it. Also, I can tell you are a Trekkie. Live long and prosper.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@tj252012 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you so so much for posting this. Im learning sec + and this helps so much. please continue all that you are doing.

@seetsamolapo5600 Жыл бұрын

IP address - identifier of a computer on a network to know where to send and receive communication from. Every device has to have one Public IP - used for routing traffic across the internet - different networks - assigned by the ISP at a cost - unique and not repeatable, no duplicates anywhere - unsecure as they're traceable on the internet where they're registered Private IP - developed in order to address a shortage of public IP addresses - cannot access/transmit to the internet as they're not registered on the internet, without a NAT gateway - repeateble in different LANs/other private networks and assigned by the DHCP without cost and save up the limited public IPs and cost being repeatable - secure and untraceable outside of the private network

@pawerix366 2 жыл бұрын

3:50 there are wrong subnet masks for private class B and C, there should be 12 bits (255.240.0.0) for private class B and 16 bits (255.255.0.0) for private class C. IP address ranges are correct.

@novriastariihsan9991 2 жыл бұрын

32 bits and 64 bits

@eazy_black 2 жыл бұрын

Yes

@abhishekpradhan4922 Жыл бұрын

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@antoninmartykan9004 2 жыл бұрын

Fantastic as always! I think it would be great if You would make a video about ports (port forwarding was really helpful, but the basics are missing)

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@yvesmingiedi Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for the video, the first one helped to understand the real different of public and private

@Scandy_d Жыл бұрын

Why does my pc's public ip address differ to my phone's public ip when connected via my mobile hotspot? Doesn't my phone act as a router and is assigned one public ip address for all the hosts connected to it?

@PK-8 2 жыл бұрын

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@felixjrsanbuenaventura1791 Жыл бұрын

THIS IS GOOD INFORMATION FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC TO KNOW AND INVESTIGATE THE ILLEGAL USE OF THESE ADDRESSES.

@user-sg1hd4yo3p 2 жыл бұрын

This channel is a gem💎

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@mbaitodjimsadrack3561 8 ай бұрын

This channel provide best courses with clear explanation. Thank you!

@romaneestime5004 Жыл бұрын

Very clear for a 7 minutes video

@justinjohn93 Жыл бұрын

Whoever makes these videos, Thanks so much, God bless the entire team

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@microsoftsarker Жыл бұрын

Thanks for your invaluable service to humanity

@wilhelmbittrich88 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for your videos.. some of them are far better than the videos I’m using for my CompTIA course! I come to your channel when I need some extra clarification.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@getalife6654 2 жыл бұрын

This video made helped me comple the puzzle of wifi, thanks a lot!

@simbakali Жыл бұрын

This is absolutely the best explanation on the differences between private and public ip adresses videos. Job well done sir! Are the public IP adresses also classified and what numbers do they begin with?

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@htetzaw2334 2 жыл бұрын

Please explain about power supply and optical disc drive

@andrewbenyeogor5534 7 ай бұрын

Would love to have some verifications on the difference between a public IP and a default gateway

@JJFlores197 7 ай бұрын

The public IP address is the IP that your internet provider assigns your router. The default gateway is essentially your router's internal IP address. You have to keep in mind that routers have 2 interfaces: WAN and LAN. They both have their own IP and MAC addresses. As mentioned, the WAN port has the public IP address. The LAN port has the default IP address configured on the router; its also known as the default gateway IP.

@Darkev77 Жыл бұрын

Awesome video! However, if the Internet wants to sent a packet to a particular device (hidden private IP) in a home, but all devices in that home have the same public IP, how does the router know to which device it should send that packet?

@JJFlores197 Жыл бұрын

There's something called PAT (port address translation) which is more or less an extension of NAT (network address translation). When your phone, for instance, sends a packet to KZfaq, the router receives this packet and will forward to KZfaq's servers. However, the router will add a port number to the packet so that when the web server sends a response, the router knows which port it came from and will send it to the correct device inside of your network.

@Darkev77 Жыл бұрын

@@JJFlores197 Wow, thank you so much!!! Much appreciated

@campos3452 2 жыл бұрын

What about virtual Mac/IP addresses?

@anonymousthing4199 Жыл бұрын

Thank you for this video .I would request you to put the complete osi model

@nellyhernandez7087 Жыл бұрын

This is freaking awesome, you are super professional, I love your videos, I love your content and the way you are teaching us it's just sublime. I'm from Mexico btw that's why I started learning English, cuz this content it's outstanding.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@prasathj7436 Жыл бұрын

Thanks for the wonderful explanation. I have been watching your videos for concepts of networking and they are really amazing especially with the animation.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@being.human119 28 күн бұрын

The best education content on youtube

@amitsamui4008 Жыл бұрын

Sir you cleared all my doubts in just 7 min.. thank you sir

@jeremy_317 14 күн бұрын

simplifies the process. great video!

@SRam2468 11 ай бұрын

Hey, Awesome. Very simply explained the most confusing topic. Looking forward to seeing more such videos on more such topics.

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@Zachsnotboard 6 ай бұрын

I have heard a lot of people explain this subject, but none go over what the 3 diff classes of private IPs are used for

@KissMyBalls 3 ай бұрын

2:13 = A service that's inside your router called DHCP is what assigns your internal devices a private IP

@fmradio42 Жыл бұрын

So nice to not hear annoying repetitive background music.

@trp225 2 жыл бұрын

0:49 yes but not always true as there is something called GCNAT/NAT444/LSN.

@coolbreeze8962 Жыл бұрын

Thank you for making computer information systems info easier to understand. Thank you 🙏 thank you 🙏. I understand it a lot better now . I subscribed and gave you a like 👍 and will tell my other Information technology classmates about your videos

@erickangeloayran3488 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Sir please make a video regarding hybrid port thank you

@rameshnambi 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you brother for wonderful explanation.

@anthony4312 2 жыл бұрын

This is the BEST explanation. Finally I understand the concept. Tq.

@lovelycity1504 2 жыл бұрын

At 3:29 you display a graphic showing the hosts and the router, but I am a bit confused as the hosts do not have the same subnet address as the router this is a bit confusing for me because I thought that computers needed to have the same subnet address as the router in order to comincate with it? Is this rule different for public and private IP addresses?

@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 2 жыл бұрын

I was actually going to explain this in the video..but I didn't want to confuse people. Routers/modems have 2 network adapters. One network adapter will have a private IP address just like the internal devices...same subnet...etc. The other network adapter will have the public IP.

@marlymutos1000 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the knowledge...

@Quadratojugal 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks, that was well-explained. However, I think that was a missed opportunity to talk about CGNs but still it's sufficient enough.

@ncpolley 2 жыл бұрын

Ok, question I've always had, if my internal IP address is invisible to the outside internet, how does the information I am requesting return to the right device, and vice versa? If the address only says 123 Parker Drive, how do we know the package goes to me, and not say, my roommate, etc. I'm not asking how this could theoretically be done, because I can imagine a solution. I want to know how it's actually done.

@swagpants 2 жыл бұрын

the tcp packet contains your devices mac address, and is thus used to return to your device. the network knows which mac address you have based on an arp scan

@shaNk9x 2 жыл бұрын

Your router has a table saying "Computer with MAC address X is currently assigned IP address Y". As you pass your gateway to the internet (in a home network the gateway is commonly integrated to the router), you are assigned a unique public IP address (unless you are on a NAT network). The router then knows to deliver information designated for IP address Y, to the computer with MAC address X. The router know your MAC address and private IP assocation by doing an ARP request. For example, if your router is 192.168.1.1, and the router wants to know who 192.168.1.2 is, the router will send a request over all ports asking "hey, who has IP address 192.168.1.2? 192.168.1.1 would like to know". If the device is directly connected to the router, it would simply answer "192.168.1.2 is at MAC abc".

@yyyuyu-je9mo 2 жыл бұрын

@@swagpants not true

@swagpants 2 жыл бұрын

nowt tchreu 🤓

@user-oc1qw6uf3m 2 жыл бұрын

@@yyyuyu-je9mo then how ?

@damakoushik3606 2 жыл бұрын

Your explanation is very nice and very easy to understanding

@Mrs.Sonawane Жыл бұрын

Your channel give the best content for an interview(short and detailed), Thanks a lot, i will definately suggest this channel

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@mnageh-bo1mm 2 жыл бұрын

Godsake, I Thought that you updated it and would mention IPV6 or something !!

@PowerCertAnimatedVideos 2 жыл бұрын

I already made a video on IPv4 vs IPv6

@mnageh-bo1mm 2 жыл бұрын

@@PowerCertAnimatedVideos oh that's great but why you Reposted this?

@allisdodd505 2 ай бұрын

It was a clear explanation! I understood everything. Thank you very much!!

@chandakaBalaji Жыл бұрын

What happens if private ip address of one device is same as public ip address of another one? How the conversion from private to public occurs? Is there any difference in Addressing format of private and public ip addresses?

@JJFlores197 Жыл бұрын

That's not possible. Public and private addresses are different and they can't be 'mixed'. Your phone, for instance, gets a private IP address fro m the DHCP server (usually router in home networks). The router has a public IP address that it can share with all devices inside of your network.

@kiii9403 2 жыл бұрын

Excellent video. the best one I have senn about this topic.

@avinashnamplle9239 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks you for making IT concept so simple to understand 🙌

@IPCOLA- 9 ай бұрын

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@thorshin7357 2 жыл бұрын

thank you for your videos

@TheRamsfeld 2 жыл бұрын

Suppose on my private network there are three computers A(192.168.0.1), B(192.168.0.2), C(192.168.0.3). For example computers A and C connect to the same website, what determines to which machine A or C is sent a response to request ? (after all, they have the same public IP)

@Dominus_Potatus 2 жыл бұрын

combination of MAC Address, Private IP, and ports

@HearMeLearn 2 жыл бұрын

your router will remember which mac addresses sent a request, even if it's for the exact information, so that when the information is incoming, it's forwarded to the correct machine

@parthkapadia3654 10 ай бұрын

Aren't the subnet masks incorrect? Class B should have 255.240.0.0 and Class C should have 255.255.0.0 ?

@chromerims Жыл бұрын

Great video. It gives some wider context relating to subnets.

@ronaldkiner1211 2 жыл бұрын

These are the best video I have seen on KZfaq. If possible can you please make videos on troubleshooting. My ISP is AT&T , they talk to me like I am a networking professional. The last error was “NEW connection temporarily blocked too many requests. Excessive outgoing connections have triggered the Internet security blocking function how outgoing connections are momentarily blocked.

@camadams9149 2 ай бұрын

This video left me with one important question: If private IP addresses have to be translated to public IP address & public IP addresses are unique... why does the private IP address save public IP addresses? Wont the router need to assign it a unique public one anyway? If it assigned the same public one how does the router know who the incoming traffic is for

@JJFlores197 2 ай бұрын

The router doesn't "assign" public IP addresses. Your internet provider assigns your router a public IPv4 address (and also likely IPv6 addresses). Routers use something called NAT - Network Address Translation. Technically, they use an extension of NAT called PAT - Port Address Translation. Whenever your computer sends a request to a website, it arrives at the router. The router creates a port in which it sends that request. It does this for any network request coming from your internal network. When the server responds, the router knows which port it is meant for and sends it to the correct port.

@SoufyanRaj 5 ай бұрын

As always, excellent video and very easy to understand. Thank you Sir.

@haiquannguyen2583 Жыл бұрын

Cool. Thank you for great explanation

@minhluudinh5522 Жыл бұрын

This channel is amazing. Thank you for sharing knowledge.

@user-xc4jp8fy3i 8 ай бұрын

Щиро дякую за корисну інформацію! Подача матеріалу - відмінна! Процвітання каналу 🎀

@topreyalite 2 жыл бұрын

Good explanation

@Kingstanding23 Жыл бұрын

Paradoxically, I think we’re more likely to be spied upon if we use a VPN because we are advertising that we want to hide something. We don’t know why these vpn providers are actually working for or passing information to.

@user-ho3pq7fb1i 10 ай бұрын

Hello sir, could you please make a video on how a company and its multiple branches located in different countries can be on the same network. Also when these companies use RFC1918 Private IP addresses range and when the IP Packet travels from one branch to the other branch located in a different country of the same company with the help of multiple ISPs, public internet and private networks.

@Dominus_Potatus 2 жыл бұрын

Any idea how to access devices behind 2 home routers?

@JJFlores197 2 жыл бұрын

You would probably need to setup port forwarding on both routers.

@denkozlov4220 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much, I couln't understand quite a while how could you possibly subnet a public ip address into a network, that seemed insade for me, until this video made me to realize that the raouter translates it to the whole other world called internal networks with totally different ip addresses.