The village of Lomello arose on the main road from France to Pavia, proclaimed capital of the Kingdom of the Lombards in Italy in 569. In the 6th century there was a rapid expansion of Christianity, from the marriage between Queen Theodolinda and Duke Agilulfo, celebrated in the first church. The new church dedicated to the Virgin Mary was built between the end of the 10th century and 1025, when it was solemnly consecrated. The magnificent architecture with which it is built is one of the earliest examples of this style, which later spread to the rest of Europe. It is very important, as already in the Middle Ages the town had fifteen large churches and convents, of which only the three main ones remain today.
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The present bell tower was inaugurated at the beginning of the 19th century, when three new bells were also built, two of which were rebuilt in the following decades. The original tower collapsed in the 12th century, destroyed by the emperor. In 1928, the concert was expanded to five bells, the largest of which was remade in Milan in 1936.
- Bell 1 added in 1928
- Bell 2 cast in 1820
- Bell 3 cast in 1805
- Bell 4 recast in 1830
- Bell 5 recast in 1936
The beautiful church is flanked by one of the oldest baptisteries in the world, built at the end of the 7th century in the Lombard style and still almost entirely original. The hexagonal baptismal font is very unusual and takes its cue from the eastern tradition of Aquileia, with which northern Italy was united after a severe schism lasting a century and a half. The new dome of the baptistery was built in the 10th century, when the second church was demolished for the construction of the present one, which is almost original in every part and will be a thousand years old in 2025. In 1107 Pope Paschal II granted the parish priest of Lomello the insignia of the bishop, with mitre and crosier, and the possibility of conferring minor orders on clerics. The church was damaged by collapses in the Middle Ages and Baroque additions in the 17th century, before returning to its former Romanesque splendour in the 20th century.
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