"I'lliberal democracy" refers to regimes that maintain the facade of democratic institutions like elections but undermine key democratic principles such as the rule of law, free press, and individual rights. The rise of such regimes contributes to democratic backsliding by eroding the foundational aspects of liberal democracy. Factors driving this trend include economic discontent, cultural and identity politics, globalization backlash, and the weakening of democratic norms. As illiberal leaders exploit these factors, they consolidate power by undermining checks and balances, restricting freedoms, and manipulating public opinion, ultimately leading to a decline in genuine democratic governance.