Nain's people have long been renowned for their rich culture, civilization, and artistry, preserving the legacy of their ancestors with skillful hands. They endure harsh climates with resilience, always striving to create beauty, including through the art of carpet and aba weaving.
Aba weaving is a traditional craft widely practiced in Nain. The abas of this region, woven using wool and camel hair, come in vibrant shades of red and maroon. Most aba workshops are situated in the Mohammadieh neighborhood. In the 1970s, up to five thousand abas were exported annually from this region.
In Mohammadieh, numerous underground aba weaving chambers were constructed, employing the "kand" technique. Typically, 8 to 10 weavers worked in each chamber, but now only 1 to 2 remain. The fabric of Nain's abas consists of camel hair or sheep wool, with each aba strip measuring 6 meters in length and weighing 2.5 kilograms.
The process begins with washing the camel hair, followed by separating the superior parts after drying. Women perform multiple stages of combing to refine the fibers, which are then machine-cut and spun into yarn manually. The prepared yarn is wound onto hand-operated spinning wheels. During weaving, the weaver manipulates foot pedals to control the loom, interlacing the yarn between warp threads.
This meticulous process repeats until a segment of 20 to 30 centimeters is woven, then the fabric is rolled onto front beams to reach lengths of up to 6 meters. These abas have been consistently exported to Arab countries bordering the Persian Gulf, renowned for their superior quality.
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