There is a peace to these videos, its quite a confort video.

Thank you, Professor! Always great information.

I so look forward to your talks, it is obvious that you are passionate about your career, your knowledge is considerable and very much appreciated. The enjoyment of sharing what you have lived has to be very rewarding. Thank you allowing us to listen.

The nuances of scientific debate were quite exciting, by the end of the video I forgot that it was about the rudders 😂 Anothe brilliant lecture, watching in awe!

Sometimes the Gods of History, allow us to get a glimpse of these vessels!!! I experience the excitement of these discoveries through your series and I thank you for that!!

So much to learn from you sir. Thank for another interesting subject.

Being an academic, I wouldn't have thought you to have contrarian tendencies, Kroum. But the look of unbridled joy as you explained how in a trice, you and your compatriots had destroyed 200 hundred years of archeological work was awesome! And your point about not making assumptions till you have the real deal in your sights is well taken about many fields. And some of the boo boos disregarding that have caused are enormous- I'm sure you have heard about "all the evils of fracking" in oil and gas wells, many wanting to ban it; in any well below about 9-10k feet, it is possible to weight up the circulating drilling mud enough to cause it to fracture many types of formations and loose all of the drilling fluids. Until just after WW 2, such losses were reported as "lost fluids in VUG" or "volume underground"; this was reported hundreds of times in the early drilling in West Texas alone, but it was finally discovered and established that after drilling millions of these holes all over the world that only 5 actual penetrations of a cave or other underground chamber had happened- they were actually crudely "fracking". PS; The drilling mud is pumped down the drilling pipe to the bit, where it is used to drive the grinding teeth, then out of the bit into the bore; the 'weighting is to get the fluid to a higher specific gravity than the grindings left in the hole and floats them out. Sorry for bending your ear- but your point about self satisfied people ignoring truths right in front of them really resonated. Thank you for another little ray of light into the world of so long ago!

That was so interesting! When you mentioned transversal tillers with two quarter rudders, I was wondering how one would steer a ship with those. To steer with both rudders in the same direction, you would have to push one tiller forward, and the other aft. You either need two people steering, or the man at the tiller would always be forced to turn away (!) from the direction he is steering the ship. And of course the reach of his arms would limit the possible rudder angle. With two longitudinal tillers, you can simply grab one with each hand, and move them in the same direction.

Wonderful!!👍👍👍

Kinda makes sense from a safety point of view. If a rudder moving through the water strikes something the top will move forward. If the rudder stock is behind the sailor and strikes something the stock will hit the sailor. Same for the tiller.

Thank you Mr.Batchvarov for the another fascinating journey in the world of ship building archaeology!

tremendous information mr kroum, I am learning a lot from your videos, very grateful god bless you.

Amazing

Of course! That clears up a problem that had been bothering me. If the tillers face *aft*, then they don't obstruct access from the stern to the rest of the ship, as they would if they faced across the ship. It also means that there must have been *two* steersmen, not a single one holding both tillers! Another point - are the tillers slightly out of line (facing somewhat inboard) compared to the rudder blades? That would make it easier to manoeuvre them without being restricted by a poop railing.

Hey Doc. Now you have to get someone to build a new one to see how they go. I have heard it said that larboard and starboard came from loading board side and steering board side. It may just be modernish myth. Thanks for another good Sunday.

Thank you, Kroum, for taking the time to make and edit these excellent and informative videos. Q. Could the two quarter rudders account the narrowness of the vessel's stern, because the helm (or steersman) would need to access both.

Thanks for your videos. I also would like you to remember a promised video about the Sheldon's model :)

Dear Professor Batchvarov, what a highly interesting footage and informaty comments on it. So my question is: could you also do a series on sails and rigg? Based on the physical findings in the sea. So I would like to listen to it by chapters about schooner, square, latina sails, ???, and it's rigg through the centuries? What it's development inflicted on changes to the shipbuilding? Your series are very important for modelship builders as your wife's are. Thank you very much. Best wishes from Berlin, Christian

Thank-you, that was fascinating content. I'd love to build a (reasonably) accurate model of an ancient Greek vessel, and that tiller detail would help. OT: I'm not sure how the title relates to your content.

Thank you for another very interesting video. The pictures of the vessels are impressive. Are the water-conditions in the Black-Sea comparable to the Baltic-Sea, because of the good conservation status of the wrecks ? Greetings from Germany.

That was nice and again a very good explanation of the topic😀👍If I understood right, there are two rudders with tillers pointing to the aft of the ship. That means we need two man on it . and in case the rudder is laid strongly one has to stnd outside of the ship ? Maybe there was a staff that linked both tillers so if they moved the linkage they could move both rudders the same time and dont need to lean over bord.....

thank you for the video, title may be wrong? As i want to build a greek and roman ship, this is very good to know before beginning.

I wonder if a full size sailable mock-up vessel, to test the new steering configuration, will yield results as well?

How could a square-rigged vessel with a single mast stepped so far forward sail in any direction except down wind? Did they only sail down wind and row the rest of the time?