Very awesome work and discovery!!! Chemistry, in this case a very simple one, can really transform how we can derive information from simple experiments like the one ran on the gel. I can think of a hundred more experiments on how that clicked Azido-sugar can be used to further this field. Especially test them ex vitro and in artificial non-living systems, to see whether the biochemistry can still work.

Ryan, the best! ❤

25:24 "Active ribosomes are not found in the lumenal spaces" > Are you sure?? go check your mitochondrial lumen (aka mitochondrial matrix). Cheers