Saving Time At The Command Line

Рет қаралды 75,808

5 жыл бұрын

Today I am going to share a few basic command line tips for increasing your speed in the terminal.
REFERENCED:
► history
► !command
► sudo !!
► CTRL+R (for searching)
► command one; command two
► command one && command two
► less /path/to/filename
► cat filename | grep search_string
► grep search_string filename
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Пікірлер: 245

@ViniciusProvenzano 5 жыл бұрын

The difference between “;” and “&&” to string commands is that “&&” will run the second command only if no error code was seen on the first one. If you use “;” any error would be ignored. Imagine your example with apt. If you were not connected to the internet and used “apt update; apt upgrade” both would run and error out. If you used “apt update && apt upgrade” the first command would run, encounter the error and stop.

@DistroTube 5 жыл бұрын

Great point! Thanks, viniciusxp.

@matthiascoppens2062 5 жыл бұрын

Also, "||" can be used to execute a second command if the first one fails. This is used often in Gentoo ebuilds to kill an install if an important process fails.

@DDBAA24 5 жыл бұрын

@@matthiascoppens2062 instead of && if you use || it will complete the secondary command regardless is what your saying ? Just want o make sure I am clear.

@matthiascoppens2062 5 жыл бұрын

@@DDBAA24 That's not what I meant. || runs the second command only if the first one fails. This way you can easily catch errors in shell script.

@philpeko1796 4 жыл бұрын

@@@DistroTube important error and should be pointed out clearly. DistroTube, thanks for your video, and good opportunity to make a replacement video ;-) !!!

@esra_erimez 5 жыл бұрын

; and && are very different. ; will run the next command no matter what. && will run the next command only if the first comment returned a success status result (0).

@crwmike0 5 жыл бұрын

And || runs the second command only if the first command fails (exit code other than 0).

@Gornius 5 жыл бұрын

TIL. This opens up new possibilities.

@meliodas.1108 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks

@IslandC0der 5 жыл бұрын

What about ; and &? What's the difference?

@IslandC0der 5 жыл бұрын

@@benchislett8 Thanks!

@hammerheadcorvette4 4 жыл бұрын

Luke Smith : "Don't cat into grep"

@polgzz 4 жыл бұрын

Dude, he says that himself seconds after!

@DevDungeon 5 жыл бұрын

You can also use !? to run the last command that contains the string. For example, if you recently ran `sudo systemctl restart nginx` you could run `!?ngin` or `!?restart`.

@dfnkt 4 жыл бұрын

I dig the "!!" thing but if I needed to repeat a long command prefixed with sudo I would hit the up arrow to restore the last command entered, hit CTRL + A to put the cursor at the beginning and type sudo . Your solution is a keystroke less (7 keys versus 8), you win the keyboard golf this time :) I use the aforementioned enough that I have insert mode bindings in vim for CTRL + A and CTRL+E to go to beginning / end of line

@Gornius 5 жыл бұрын

While in "less" you can type in "/" followed by regular expression to search. Press "n" to show next result, "shift+n" to go back to previous result.

@polgzz 4 жыл бұрын

Basically less is "vim like"!

@Rudolfucius 2 жыл бұрын

@@polgzz no, its "more" with better features but its named "less" because its a funny joke "less does more"

@shallex5744 Жыл бұрын

@@Rudolfucius Basically more is vim-like

@RedFenceAnime 5 жыл бұрын

I've been piping into grep & less all this time. Big thanks for the !command and Ctrl-r , also installed tldr this will save me time searching for examples online. So much things to learn, been using Linux full time for almost 6 months and I love it.

@migue7490 5 жыл бұрын

You should have press ctrl+l to clean the terminal instead of type "clear" and ctrl + u to delete the line XD. Great video! good tips, I use some of those and not others, maybe I must change some habits.

@hacerdemirel9833 5 жыл бұрын

thanks (ctrl+l)

@_sudipidus_ 4 жыл бұрын

scrolled down to type this comment (saw you already did it)

@brainplot 4 жыл бұрын

To be more precise, CTRL+U won't exactly "delete the line". It will delete all the characters found from the current position of the cursor up to the beginning of the line. So if your cursor is sitting in the middle of a command, only the left-hand side will be deleted. CTRL+K works the exact same way but in the opposite direction: it cuts the right-hand side of the line. Of course if you're cursor is at the end of the line and you do CTRL+U, it'll give the impression that it deleted the whole line! :)

@The9TKitsune 4 жыл бұрын

ctrl+l is especially wonderful for stuff like using CI utilities like a REPL where you can't use clear without exiting and reentering. ctrl+l lets you clean your screen regardless of what's currently occupying your shell.

@williamseipp9691 4 жыл бұрын

didn't know about Ctrl U. thanks

@paulgurnig3778 5 жыл бұрын

Appreciate the tldr suggestion. Was familiar with most everything else, but learning about tldr made my day. Great information on your channel! Installed on fedora quite easily.

@davidgomez79 5 жыл бұрын

echo !* will echo out all the arguments from last command, very useful at times when you need to reuse your last arguments for something.

@tsundoku5733 5 жыл бұрын

If you only need the last argument (and not all of them), you can just use !$.

@jasonmiani8108 4 жыл бұрын

You sir, just changed my life. Thanks for this. Please do more!

@a.accioly 5 жыл бұрын

I just want to give credit where credit's due. I have been following you for quite a while. Your channel is a great source of information, very welcoming to new and experienced linux users. Thanks for all of the content and keep up the great work!

@aaronlippincott7385 5 жыл бұрын

love this, good content, straight to the point, and free from bloat. ty DT

@andrewpalm2103 5 жыл бұрын

Informative as usual, Derek. Thanks!

@rosemarieosborn8625 5 жыл бұрын

thank you so much, I love the terminal because of videos like yours, I learn new things everyday because of your terminal tutorials

@aristotelispapageorgiou4627 5 жыл бұрын

Every time I watch DT videos I learn something new. Thanks!

@POI5ONX 5 жыл бұрын

I'm really liking the new graphic equalizer as part you web cam window, makes for a much cleaner UI for your content.

@michaelvivirito 5 жыл бұрын

The command line is the whole reason I chose to learn and use Linux 10 years ago. So cool

@ianpan0102 5 жыл бұрын

I noticed that the audio and video match up better in this vid compared to previous ones. Great job DT!

@brcts 5 жыл бұрын

really like the addition of cli-visualizer to your set, right on dt!

@ZzBiazZ 5 жыл бұрын

Thank you, the tldr command is so useful to me :p

@MonkeyMagick 5 жыл бұрын

This is a great refresher for me. I got into Linux around '99-2000 but have had a long time away; gotta blow away the cobwebs.😁

@123liveo 3 жыл бұрын

You have some amazing advice. Cheers!

@Delis007 5 жыл бұрын

Useful tips that save tons of time, thanks!

@med5032 4 жыл бұрын

THIS. CHANGES. EVERYTHING.

@user-cw3yj8jv1s 3 жыл бұрын

@ThomasMatason 4 жыл бұрын

Great info supported by smart comments! (I was going to sub/support based on production quality alone)

@mdalwakilpersonal7437 2 жыл бұрын

Really short and useful video, thanks alot

@sleepyeyesvince 5 жыл бұрын

Instantly installed tldr. Thanks DT!

@AnzanHoshinRoshi 5 жыл бұрын

! Thank you, Derek.

@farjamful 2 жыл бұрын

wow tldr !!! thanks dt. I wish i could like your videos 1000 times.

@ulfgj 4 жыл бұрын

tldr==awesome. thanks! also, with cd - (cd dash) you can toggle between directories. love it.

@BeneSim 5 жыл бұрын

One command I recently fell in love with is `fc`. It opens your last run command in an editor and lets you edit it and reruns it again after leaving the editor. This way you can use vim's movement keys to quickly edit very long commands. Another great alternative to `cat` is `bat` which is syntax aware and also uses a pager by default. It's also a very nice fallback command for vifm's preview.

@agenttank 5 жыл бұрын

cool! zsh does that without fc i think

@DaveSomething 4 жыл бұрын

I still use DOS windows when working on Windows machines. On Linux, I do updates and installs with command line/ssh. Thanks for the video!

@craigw4644 4 жыл бұрын

Informative, love Linux, always learning new things no matter how long a person utilizes the operating system.

@FritsvanderHolst 5 жыл бұрын

Good one. I tell exactly the same thing when I run my Linux Fundamentals classroom training. Didn't know tldr btw. Mmmmm...

@finndriver1063 5 жыл бұрын

Try out fish (friendly, interactive shell), I've found it to have the fastest workflow (abbreviations, syntax-highlighting and indentation, cd-history, etc). A valuable tip for grepping is to use '-C N' to also print the N lines around each match.

@praetorxyn 4 жыл бұрын

I am afraid to try it because it's not POSIX compliant. I use & & stringing a lot and I don't think that works in fish. I have considered trying it simply because it supports the XDG Base Directory Specification though.

@praetorxyn 4 жыл бұрын

I've heard it's slow, and was afraid to try it because it's not POSIX compliant. Maybe I'll try it on my work VM as it does support XDG spec.

@finndriver1063 4 жыл бұрын

@@praetorxyn I mean, I wouldn't use it for scripts requiring blazing speeds, but then I wouldn't use bash for that either. I just mean it's fast to use interactively

@OnlyJudas 4 жыл бұрын

When it comes to grep I like to use "grep -A3 -B3" so it will return the line containing the phrase and also three lines before and after that phrase, so I have a context in which given phrase is placed in the file

@davidh.4944 Жыл бұрын

Use "-C 3", then. It gives you the lines in both directions. (A=after, B=before, C= context, i.e. both before and after.)

@faisalahmed9434 4 жыл бұрын

Dude you deserve more subs!!

@saeedxgholami 5 жыл бұрын

Hi Derek I want to suggest you create compare applications type videos. In this type of videos you can compare applications from various specification like their performance, their popularity, their usability and etc. My second thought is you can create some videos about how to create your own cool/awesome/fancy desktop (which we saw their pictures on unixporn) from ground up, from xorg to config the DE/WM to look awesome and of course usable. Thanks.

@tsogid 2 жыл бұрын

I'm on linux for over a decade now and some of the things I've never came across! Linux doesn't cease to impress me!

@SkyFly19853 5 жыл бұрын

Useful tips... 💯💯💯

@rodneyjameslandry 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks, learned something new.

@DistroTube 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks, Rodney!

@johnmal5975 5 жыл бұрын

I really like the !! I could have used that about a thousand times and them some!

@DDBAA24 5 жыл бұрын

Also you can add text before and after ' !!' like this: apt update sudo !! && apt list --upgradable ( which would give you) sudo apt update && apt list --upgradable *Or if your on Archlinux same thing if you needed to be root and decided you wanted to add more on to the command pacman -Syu sudo !! && pacman -S net-tools (which would equate to) sudo pacman -Syu && sudo pacman -S net-tools ( Anything after the !! will just append onto the end of the command) 🐱‍💻👍

@markkeilys 5 жыл бұрын

remember to alias fuck to sudo !!

@DaveSomething 4 жыл бұрын

thanks for the tldr one... nice.

@anujpancholi8293 5 жыл бұрын

Zsh + ohmyzsh = beautiful terminal. Looks like you're using the powerlevel9k theme (which I also use)

@hacerdemirel9833 5 жыл бұрын

the best theme on ohmyzsh is 'ys'

@TonyFlexPromo 5 жыл бұрын

tldr is kinda noobish way to learn command line, but a find it a great companion to traditional man. Most of times i search not what exactly that key do, but how to combine keys to get what you want (tar is a great example here). Thanks for a great advices!

@RonnieNissan 5 жыл бұрын

Sed and awk are my favorite terminal tools, and I really love piping "|" stuff.

@djwiggum911 4 жыл бұрын

If you want to use your aliases defined in .bashrc right away, call source ~/.bashrc to use the definitions without restarting the terminal session.

@pichass9337 5 жыл бұрын

Nice and informational

@DistroTube 5 жыл бұрын

Appreciate that! :D

@nathanpoulos1733 3 жыл бұрын

tldr is a game changer for me. I didnt know about it until this video

@Tala2n 3 жыл бұрын

GUI have some advantages like reducing the need to know names by heart and displaying the options available.

@YassirAghraba 5 жыл бұрын

Also you forgot to mention that '!-n' re-executes the last nth command, so '!-1' it's equivalent to '!!'. One another tip, let"s say I opened a file with 'cat', then I figured out that I have to make some changes, instead of running 'vim the file' you can simply run 'vim !!:$' and it's gonna take the argument of cat and places it after 'vi'. Wish it helps.

@mathews_josep 5 жыл бұрын

I use !$ to get the last argument of the previous command

@YassirAghraba 5 жыл бұрын

@@mathews_josep It's useful also.

@machman23 5 жыл бұрын

Did not know about tldr , thank-you

@flipup556 3 жыл бұрын

wow never heard of tldr before thanks!

@elyknavillus777 Жыл бұрын

The double !! Is cool I've been hitting the up arrow to bring up the last command then scroll to the front and type sudo, !! Is way faster and as a new to Linux user I make that mistake alot.

@RayVermey 5 жыл бұрын

control-r gives 1st history find, ctrl-r again finds the next one and so on

@GreyDeathVaccine 3 жыл бұрын

There is better way. Just install fzf from github and enable shell integration by sourcing specific file. It will give you fuzzy finder and you press CTRL+R just one time. I highly recommend fzf. It can be combined with many commands. Fantastic tool.

@tsundoku5733 5 жыл бұрын

There is more. For example, if after running cat /path/to/long/filename you want to find a string inside that file, you can run grep string !$ !$ stands for the last parameter of the last command, so, in the above example, you don't need to retype the long file path.

@oleglubimoff5515 5 жыл бұрын

There is another usefull tip that everyone forgets about. ctrl+x and then ctrl+e brings up an editor to run and edit long multiline command. Just save the file and close the editor and the command will run.

@manone2078 5 жыл бұрын

Another shortcut is Ctrl + A to go to the beginning of the command. Useful for long commands & forgetting sudo :)

@SimGunther 5 жыл бұрын

Ctrl + k cuts everything at and after the cursor and Ctrl + u cuts everything before the cursor. Ctrl + y lets you paste what I previously mentioned. And yes, you can do Ctrl + e to get back to the end of the line :)

@ViniciusProvenzano 5 жыл бұрын

SimGunther Emacsy shortcuts, kind of...

@martinvandenbroek2532 5 жыл бұрын

M-f ( go forward one word ), M-b ( go back one word ) , M-d ( delete next word ) and M-backspace ( delete previous word ) ;P

@shftn2gear97 2 жыл бұрын

So thankful my introduction to Linux forced me to use the command line.

@brainplot 4 жыл бұрын

I don't know if something's changed lately (since I've had my Arch install for over 2 years now), but Arch Linux does not use Zsh by default. It only uses Zsh in the live ISO. Once you reboot into your newly-installed system, it uses Bash by default :)

@ShiloWardComedy 4 жыл бұрын

!Nice 0:59 I can see how this saves time retyping long script like commands (for those of us who cant #breatheShells 24/7 #IRL)

@BartekJuszczak 3 жыл бұрын

To do my 'sudo !!' I type (Arrow Up) (Home Key) sudo Which is actually the same exact number of key presses.

@ianjamiesonmusic 2 жыл бұрын

When you were doing vim and cat on the same file you can use: !$ to get the argument from the previous command. eg. cat my/file.txt less !$ => less my/file.txt

@timelesstrance3720 4 жыл бұрын

Ctrl l is a good binding for regular bash

@mentalmarvin 5 жыл бұрын

Cmatrix is running on turbo today?

@jasongomez5344 4 жыл бұрын

Ctrl-r is supposed to be used repeatedly, if you want to search further back into the history.

@bugracansefercik917 4 жыл бұрын

I was expecting a bit more tricky commands. I knew all of the ones you used.

@ZaneyOG 5 жыл бұрын

Mastadon Gang represent!

@phxnt0m348 4 жыл бұрын

ctrl+L to clear - undeniably my most used command sudo !! - use this all the time cd - just running that from wherever you are takes you back to your home folder. Very nice cd / - takes you to the root. Always handy grep - well, say no more. A lovely command when you realise it's power Useful to know that the bottom 3 work in Windows too. Replace 'grep' with 'findstr'. Sadly there's no shortcut in Windows CMD to clear the shell you have to type 'cls'. Great video.

@josephbrandenburg4373 2 жыл бұрын

4:00 I usually press UP and then HOME and then type sudo. Just as fast IMO, but not every keyboard has a HOME key (for example, Raspberry Pi 400, any tenkeyless or mini keyboard)

@praetorxyn 4 жыл бұрын

Are these (like sudo!!) specific to bash or derivatives like zsh, or do they work regardless of shell?

@perseusarkouda 4 жыл бұрын

I knew much of linux commands but never really thought how bash scripts really worked. Once I started making my own bash scripts my life on linux improved by 1000%

@perseusarkouda 4 жыл бұрын

@X GNU Bio Everyone was telling me it is a low level language and I should move to python or something. Ofcourse, it's limiting and possibly harder but that's what I'm used to for many many years. So I said heck, that's my hobby anyway, I'll keep trying in bash and actually paid off.

@perseusarkouda 4 жыл бұрын

@X GNU Bio Thanks for sharing. I've made some scripts for my game servers and they do pretty advanced things. Although I wish I didn't made them so personalized to only fit my needs. I have to rewrite them for universal use.

@ElliyahuRosha 4 жыл бұрын

Is there a tutorial on how u make use of various of colors in the output?

@mohamedfouad2304 4 жыл бұрын

bro, whats the equalizer window? some kind of minimal video casting prog?

@user-ns8dl3vm5z 4 жыл бұрын

Great video, side note * u look like howie mandel by voice and face😅

@titus7770 5 жыл бұрын

Could you make an audio setup tutorial on manjaro? I've got a xlr microphone hooked up to my mixer board that then hoes in via aux to my pc however I can't get it to work! I do have my wireless headset and the mic for that one works!

@shawnsmith9591 5 жыл бұрын

Hey, I've been watching your videos for some time now. And I was wondering how do you get the history numbering on the right side of the terminal? I also have powerline runing but have not found a way to have the history numbering? Thanks

@DistroTube 5 жыл бұрын

A zsh theme called powerlevel10k.

@ramit7 2 жыл бұрын

What is that program running below your video rectangle that seems to respond to your sound intonations?

@iLiokardo 5 жыл бұрын

tldr command looks good

@keiichiiownsu12 4 жыл бұрын

Do you list your zsh dotfiles on github? Curious what theme you are using (upgraded agnoster?). Also, have any good suggestions for OMZ alternatives?

@DistroTube 4 жыл бұрын

The zsh theme is powerlevel10k.

@codychan4992 4 жыл бұрын

Didn't know the power of "!", although I use fish-shell, thank you

@tintat2 2 жыл бұрын

what is the vocabulary size of the complete command line language---It seems to me it would be easier to learn greek !

@vfmadd231pd 4 жыл бұрын

Probably a dumb question but what shell is he using? Looks very nice

@meliodas.1108 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks ;)

@dominicmason3999 5 жыл бұрын

Whatever happen to " Load "*",8,1" lol. Literally the cli is where i first learned computers way back on the C64. Same with dos, same with linux. Good vid, thanks.

@brianmiller1077 5 жыл бұрын

I knew to run it, i had no idea what it meant

@RichardThomas341 4 жыл бұрын

Good stuff. I really like your prompt, with the colors. Would you share how this is done, please? Thank you!

@RichardThomas341 4 жыл бұрын

After some research it looks as if this from the zsh theme installed by Oh My Zsh, correct?

@DistroTube 4 жыл бұрын

Powerlevel10k theme for zsh.

@RichardThomas341 4 жыл бұрын

@@DistroTube Great, thanks!

@voiceoftreason1760 4 жыл бұрын

how do you get that kind of colored ls output? for me all the permissions are the same color, also on zsh.

@DistroTube 4 жыл бұрын

My ls is not really ls. It is exa. ;)

@mehmetedex 5 жыл бұрын

*What font is that?* I was searching for a font like that.

@muellerhans 5 жыл бұрын

1:26 that's not the behaviour for the bash shell. How to enable it for that?

@nerrufam7105 5 жыл бұрын

if you want to print a file simply run: # grep . file.txtthe cat command is to concatenate multiple files into one.

@chongchonghe3748 4 жыл бұрын

Do Ctrl + l do the work that "clear" does on Ubuntu? It does on my Mac.

@DistroTube 4 жыл бұрын

It works as long as ctrl-l doesn't conflict with other keybindings you may be using for your terminal, window manager, etc. Which is the case for me if I'm using the bash shell and using vi mode in that shell. Clear always works. ;)

@hewfrebie2597 5 жыл бұрын

btw I use neovim, and I know how to use neovim but not completey, but I use it :)

@migue7490 5 жыл бұрын

Neovim is great. I've moved from vim to nvim and a couple of issues were solved.

@agenttank 5 жыл бұрын

nobody knows vim or neovim completely ^^

@user-ic7cj8lq9z 4 жыл бұрын

I can think of a few tips off the top of my head: - Swap Esc and CapsLock key with this command in your login script: setxkbmap -option caps:swapescape. - Copy paste to and from nvim: set clipboard=unnamedplus - Use sudoedit to edit files in nvim that need elevated privileges. This will still load your vim config. You need VISUAL=nvim in your environment. - Use tmux for easy copy paste to and from command line and many other things. - Use a terminal file explorer. E.g. nnn. - Use alias expansion. I have a script for zsh alias expansion on my github as well as my configuration files for nvim, tmux etc. github.com/sowiz/zsh-config/blob/master/.zsh-scripts/expand-alias.zsh

@westhouse4641 2 жыл бұрын

Does arrow key up not cycle through shell command history on all systems?

@nihancj 2 жыл бұрын

Yes it does and it is much easier if you simply just want to type that command but using❗ can be useful when you are typing that command after some other command. For eg: sudo !vim