Thank you Marc. My feelings too.

​@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 please reply me when online I got some few questions to ask.

Thank you for that explanation as I often wonder how close Old English is to other languages on the continent.

Yes, understanding this for me as a Dutch guy is a walk in the park! Why did you British ever changed that language! 😀

My mother and her brothers come from Emsland (village Werlte). I have almost no problem with these simple phrases -- very close to Plattdüsk, quite a bit like Dutch. It is strange to see it writton. "Dat iss yenuch" is identical; sooth remains as truth in English "soothsayer."

Hello Kakali and thank you for that. Glad you liked the video.

the grammatical rules are simpler today actually, since we lost the case system

I have wondered the same. Do you speak Dutch and German?

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie I have studied both languages at my old university. Dutch is between English and German.

i speak dutch (native language) and have some very basic knowledge of german. this sounds like a weird dutch dialect or something

Hello Thomas, thank you for that interesting comment. There does seem to be a correspondence between British and Frisian DNA which, if true, would explain the similarity between Dutch and Old English.

Still veeeery similar to German. But yeah, definitely has a Dutch feeling about it.

I find that interesting as well.

Thank you for that! I'm glad to hear that it "sounds" very familiar to you as a speaker of those languages because it suggests to me that I am on the right track with pronunciation. Thanks again!

Could I ask another question? Which language do my videos sound closer to: Low Saxon or Dutch?

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 Definitely Low Saxon. Because of the du/hus/min/wif/ald sounds and the like, where Dutch has the infamous dipthongs ui, ou and ij

Thank you. That is so good to hear.

Yes, many people have noticed that. I have even had Swedish speakers tell me the same thing.

sounds goofy

You still have time

@@MOHAMEDELIDRISSI-iq6xg no, I don’t. Also, English is foreign for me.

@@sournois90 old languages sound unusual, but not goofy.

I agree.

Yes, others have noticed that as well. I don't speak Dutch so am totally unaware of the comparison between the two languages.

Looks great!

That would make sense given that it's the literal translation and modern English is a descendant of Old English.

Thank you for that interesting comment, as I had no idea how close the two languages are.

The Wanderer ==may i ask U SOMETHING because U are Swedish?

i dont see why not

maybe U know the Swedish history.i am from the territory which was called Kievan Rus, also long before maybe Vikings called it Gardarika, but its not clear where it was. So ---our official myth of starting out state is that Slavs thew away Vikings who controlled North Territories of Slavs and some Finnish like tribes and then, because of disorder, they invited Vikings again. and they came and they were maybe from the people called Rus or similar. the first was =Rurik (also Riurik; Old Church Slavonic Рюрикъ Rjurikŭ, from Old Norse Hrøríkʀ; c. 830 - 879), according to the 12th-century Primary Chronicle, was a Varangian chieftain of the Rus' who in the year 862 gained control of Ladoga, and built the Holmgard settlement near Novgorod. He is the founder of the Rurik Dynasty, which ruled the Kievan Rus' and its successor states, including the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Tsardom of Russia, until the 17th century.[1 now i put it again below because i found the text:

The only information about Rurik is contained in the 12th-century Primary Chronicle written by one Nestor, which states that Chuds, Eastern Slavs, Merias, Veses, and Krivichs "...drove the Varangians back beyond the sea, refused to pay them tribute, and set out to govern themselves". Afterwards the tribes started fighting each other and decided to invite the Varangians, led by Rurik, to reestablish order. Rurik came in 860-862 along with his brothers Sineus and Truvor and a large retinue. According to the Primary Chronicle, Rurik was one of the Rus', a Varangian tribe likened by the chronicler to Danes, Swedes, Angles, and Gotlanders. Sineus established himself at Beloozero (now Belozersk), on the shores of lake Beloye, and Truvor at Izborsk (or at Pskov). Truvor and Sineus died shortly after the establishment of their territories, and Rurik consolidated these lands into his own territory. According to the entries in the Radzivil and Hypatian Chronicles[2] under the years 862-864, Rurik’s first residence was in Ladoga. He later moved his seat of power to Novgorod, a fort built not far from the source of the Volkhov River. The meaning of this place name in medieval Russian is 'new fortification', while the current meaning ('new city') developed later. Rurik remained in power until his death in 879. On his deathbed, Rurik bequeathed his realm to Oleg, who belonged to his kin, and entrusted to Oleg's hands his son Igor, for he was very young. His successors (the Rurik Dynasty) moved the capital to Kiev and founded the state of Kievan Rus', which persisted until the Mongol invasion in 1240. A number of extant princely families are patrilineally descended from Rurik, although the last Rurikid to rule Russia, Vasily IV, died in 1612. sorry that its so long

Thank you for your comment. Best wishes with your studies.

Thank you for saying that. Could you please share this channel on social media?

That's interesting!

I use the list of characters at the following link by downloading it to an Excel file. Over at "Leornende Eald Englisc" Cefin has a video in which he mentions how to use your keyboard to obtain all the characters that you need. Hope that helps!

@@TensorCalculusRobertDavie Thanks. I want to write my name in old English

Thanks for the feedback.

There is more than one way to say please, even today we say things like, if you don't mind, if you will and of course, please. The same as no doubt true back then. I should have included the phrase, Iċ bidde þē, because it is found in many books and so is more familiar to readers. As to the era it belongs I can't say but probably post conversion?

'I bid thee say on', makes it into early modern, with Shakespeare, and is till understandable today, in my neck of the woods.

Thank you!

Such phrasing is usual in many English accents and regional versions: 'If you'd like', 'If you would', 'If you will', 'If you wish', can all be heard most days.

Someone else pointed out that it is very similar to Old Norse.

The adverb "ġīet" means yet and is spelt with a "t" on the end. The word "ær" means before, earlier, formerly or early and is usually in the form, ǣr. I rely upon on the Bosworth Toller dictionary for determining meaning and use. Hope that helps?

@@TensorCalculusRobertDavie aer sounds similar to eher= before earlier

'ere long' can sometimes still be encountered.

1. Gōdne Dæg = good day. Gōdne Morgen - good morning. Gōdne æfen - good evening Gōdne Niht - good night Giese/Gēa = Yes Nā/Nese = No Gif thū wylt = please Forgief Mē = Excuse me 2. Ic Sārie = I am sorry Ic Ongiete - I understand Ic Nongiete - I don't understand Ic thancie thē - I thank you Hit is eall riht - It is all right Hit nis eall riht - it is not all right Hwæt = What Hwonne = When Ēac = Also 3. Hwyy = Why Hwā = Who Hwær = Where Cum thū hēr - come here Cum thū in - come in Hū Micel - how much Tō fela - too much Gecierran winstrum - turn left Gecierran swīthra - turn right 4. Ic hâtte = My name is Hū hātta thū - what is your name. Welcumen - welcome Hwæt is sēo tīd - what time is it. Wes thū hāl - be well (goodbye) Gōd - good Nū - now Sōna - soon Dær - there 5. Hē = He Hēo = she Wer - man/husband Wīf - woman/wife Hit is ceald - it is cold Hit is wearm - it is warm Dæt is genōg - that is enough Dæt nis genōg - that is not enough Sōth - true 6. Gā forth = Go Forward Gā bæc - go back Eft - again Hū gēth thū - how are you. Ic blīthe - I am happy. Eft saga - say again. Ic hæbbe - I have Ic næbbe - I don't have Hit is swīthe scīenu - it is very beautiful.

Nama is in the nominative case but 'me' is in the accusative case. The problem here is who are you talking about?. The subject of the sentence is in the nominative case while the object is in the accusative case. In your sentence two different people are involved.

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 Ah! That makes sense, thanks! Learning this language has been a bit of a challenge, still learning the different masculine/feminine stuff too.

Sorry for the late reply. It sounds like eeey-land

That is an interesting way to find this channel. Now you have me wondering if I have recorded the word 'effraction' as a key search word? Anyway, enjoy the channel!

מיכאל Vaccines תרכיב , they contain toxic chemicals like fornaldehyde and metals like mercury and aluminium are poison,

@@averdadeeumaso4003 thats the word adjuvant it means poison another intersting word is recombinant

@@TensorCalculusRobertDavie here is a interesting video if you have not seen it yet Wagging The Dog Pt 1: The Story Behind The Story Of Covid19 kzfaq.info/get/bejne/heCBZ9h23Km9p3U.html

Hello 狼人ジャン and thank you for your question. The word “artist” is a noun while the word “fine” is an adjective. In Old English(OE) the word for artist is “cræfta” which is pronounced “c-raff-tuh” with the “r” being rolled or trilled. This is a masculine singular noun in the nominative case in OE and so the adjective that accompanies it must also be masculine, singular and in the nominative case. There are now two choices open to us, a strong or weak adjective. If an adjective is preceded by a definite article (the), a demonstrative pronoun (this, that), or a possessive (his, her, your etc.) then we choose a weak adjective. Otherwise, we choose a strong adjective. In this case there are aren't any of these words preceding our adjective so we choose the strong variety. So our choice is, “gōd” (pronounced goad). Fine artist - gōd cræfta The fine artist - sē gōda cræfta (pronounced say go-duh c-raff-tuh) Let’s do the same for a weak feminine noun in the nominative case such as “eorðe” (e-oh-rrrr-th-e) = earth. So we need a feminine singular adjective in the nominative case which just happens to be the word “gōd”. Again, the strong version of this adjective is used for the simple sentence, Good earth - gōd eorðe But when the weak adjective is required we use, “gōde” (go-deh) for a sentence like, The good earth - sēo gōde eorðe Hope that helps?

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie thanks a lot!

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 good crafter

@@anglishbookcraft1516 Thank you! Much appreciated!

Thanks for that information, especially the bit about the Somerset dialect, which is the region my recent ancestors come from. Very interesting!

Yet we speak a derivative of Mercian and not Wessex!

Yes, but perhaps not surprising, since Mercian was spoken in the area between the Thames and the Humber which obviously includes London, the heart of the country's economic activity. Perhaps that contributes to the dominance of the Mercian dialect in the Middle English period?

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 I recently stumbled into the OE contributions, which is very interesting to me. I am German and was attracted by the church chronicles of St. Boniface, who grew up at Credinton and Exeter. His wordly name ead Wynfreth of Wessex. He wanted to assist St Wilbord to christianize the Frisians. In the 8th century, this was a kind of Ascension Command, because the Frisians on the mainland were pagans and killed everybody, who only attempted to preach of alternative religions. So St. Boniface went to Rome to get the benediction of the Pope. He made him Bishop of Mainz in Frankish territories of the German territories . He founded many dioceses like München, Würzburg, Erfurt and Utrecht , now in the Netherlands. How could he convince people of the gospel, if he hadn't spoken a language/dialect, which was understood on the Germanic territories? Wynfreth even knew the old pagan rhytes and mythologies which he could answer with the Christian faith. He was burried at Fulda i Germany close to his religeous breakthrough. He is called Apostle of the Germans and the Netherlands. The monks were the people, who could read and write. So almost all written sources come from the monastries. They chose words, which could be understood widely among the tribes. My theory, why these old documents can be understood from various people still today. Best Greetings from Germany

Hello Viplav. No, definitely not. Modern and Old English are not mutually intelligible by any means.

No

I get the same feeling too but I don't have the linguistic knowledge to say why???

It is the "core grammar of English" argument versus the "vocabulary of English" argument. Most of the core grammar.. Word order.. and such is actually more Norse.. Whereas a lot of the larger vocabulary contains a lot more Old West Germanic But English itself is more like a creolisation of Olde Danish and Aenglisc.. People are choosing to ignore that the Danes dominated England for a very long time.. And that it had a large impact on the language.

wē sindon/bēoþ frēondas. Now, wē is in the nominative case and plural and so our choice for the word friends must also be in the same case and number which means the only choices we have are, frīend, frēondas and frȳnd. The possible choices for the word "are" include; sind, sindon, synd, siendon, sint, bēoð, synt, syndon, bēo, syndan and syn. These are all in the present tense and plural. Hope that helps?

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 Yes, thanks.

Wenn ich genau hinhöre,kann ich viel verstehen.

@@wolfgangharden61 Hello Wolfgang and thank for that. Is it low german?

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 "Dank för dad" = thank for that.This is not very different.At School we had English and French,but English was always easier for us because of our dialect in Lower SAXONY =Low German.

Yes, it is. All letters must be sounded and with practice it will feel less awkward.

Not really. The r’s are rolled/trilled in old English, so the r should be lengthened (ge-cier-ran), but there should not be a stop between the two r’s.

In addition, there shouldn’t be a stop in “hw”, the video’s pronunciation is a little off.

Yes, others have said the same as well. Thanks!

Iċ ðancie ðē.

Thank you for your positive comment.

Thank you for letting me know.

Nese = no, gea = yes.

I guess so.

ðancie ðē mīn frēond.

You are quite right to pick me up on my lack of rolling or trilling the letter 'r', but if you listen to my more recent videos you will see that I have corrected this problem. I will need to redo this video at some stage in the future. The description accompanying this channel points out that I follow Stephen Pollington on pronunciation and he makes it clear that the 'r's' should be trilled.

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie I wasn't criticising you for the lack of trill- I was kinda talking about an actual burred r, like in Devonshire or America. That sound didn't just pop up from nowhere. I even recall there being several early writings that comment on the burr. (Course, I may be wrong.)

Do you mean, for example, the west country accent of say Somerset? Because I wonder about that one often.

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie I believe so. I'm wondering this, since a lot of non-Recieved English accents, such as Irish or Devonshire or American, etc, are all rhotic (meaning they use the retroflex, burred r's), and people have been commenting on the burr for a long time. Shouldn't that have come from Old English?

If only there were a way of unravelling it all because it is a bit of a puzzle. But then, all of the regional accents of the UK are distinct and have their own histories, the course of which could only be fully determined if we could go back in time! While linguists use deductive reasoning to work backwards that method depends upon a lot of guesswork. Can we really know all the influences that have acted upon a language throughout its history?

Thank you for your comment as I had no idea how close the two languages are. I have often wondered how connected they are to each other because the boat burial at Sutton Hoo and the artifacts it contains are very similar to ship burials in Sweden.

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 is the HOO in Sutton Hoo pronounced like PresentDayEnglish WHO or HO?

Thanks for your concern but I am fine.

Hello Betty, try the videos in the pronunciation play list.

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie Thanks

Also, Junicode font is the one I use in my more recent videos.

Hello Betty, Try the link below as it contains an Excel file with the alphabet you seek. Let me know if it works. drive.google.com/open?id=1O5wARO3cgNQZcYIdJeF_eJEvRxnXqnRR

kzfaq.info/love/LnwScGuOxVlaN5aV9in9ag

This channel follows Stephen Pollington's book, First Steps in Old English, on pronunciation. Go look it up before commenting.

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 I have. there's a reason I DON'T follow his work

Hello Kirby. Thank you for your comment which only serves to affirm the Germanic nature of Old English and how it is closer to modern German than we might realize. Some commenters on this channel have pointed out similarities to Dutch, Friesian and Swedish. Could you list a couple of the modern German words that you find similar (I don't speak German)?

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie, Certainly. Morgen, whilst pronounced slightly differently in German, has the same meaning of morning, and I can't help but suppose that Ic is directly descendent from the German Ich, which again has a slightly different pronunciation, but has the same meaning. In actually hasn't changed at all between the languages as far as I know, as it is the same both in meaning, spelling, and pronunciation between old and modern English and modern German. Hatte, in German, is a conjugated form of habe, which means to have, and seems to have a similar usage based on the examples in this video, leading me to believe that one would use their name as if it were a possession as opposed to a title, although that's just my personal conjecture. Welcumen corresponds with the German equivalent, wilkommen, and wearm and warm correspond with the German warm (again, different pronunciation in German, despite the identical spelling). My personal favorite is how close genog is to the German genug, even in how the final g in both words are pronounced rather similarly, although it's a much softer sound in modern German. There are others that bear faint resemblances to the German equivalents, but the resemblances are distant at best, and could simply be my brain trying to connect the dots, so I don't think it prudent to delve into those. Hope this helps!

@@kirbynix9189 your predictions are quite wrong. 1)Ic and Ich and I in fact are descendents of proto-germanic pronoun Ek, but in some dialects which formed later the Old High German and there was an event known as High German consonant shift and "Ik" became "Ich", But in early old english period it was "Ic" (but with K sound) also, but then it palatalized into Ic(Ich) like in (Each). In low german dialects that Shift did not happened, and those still have "Ik" like in Dutch or Low German, "Reich" is still "Rike or Krijke" you can compare with English "Rich". 2)The "Hatte" is actually first sing. form of Haten verb which means "Named" "To be called", the phrase Ic hatte... - "My name..." or "I named..." or in German is "Ich heise..." as i wrote before, because of the High German shift, there was a consonant changing in German, and that's why "water>wasser" "that>das" "nut-nuss" "white-weis". There was another verb for Have - Habban or Hafian, and it's forms for I, Thou, (He, She, It)We, You, They is hæbbe, hæfst, hæfþ, habbaþ.

Thank you Slehar.

Many have made the same content. Thank you for that!

Hello Asa and thank you for your comment. I'm glad to hear the two languages have a lot in common which is why I am thinking I should learn Swedish.

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 it's extremely similar to Norwegian, I'm learning it currently

True. Thanks for that.

Very interesting!

Old English for everyone - Robert Davie kzfaq.info/get/bejne/nqp6nKuEq9zRj6M.html

Thanks for the link. I am having a good look at it.

It amazes me too. The linguists have done a great job in recovering these sounds even if they can't be absolutely certain.

Hello Rob. It just shows the close links between these languages. I often wonder how close Old English is to these two languages as well as German of course.

Yes, but there are a lot of words that have no similarity to modern English words such as, costnunge (temptation).

Glad you like it!

Visiting Kivrin? What does Dunworthy thinks about it?

Right on!!

Hello Omer and thank you for your comment. Glad to hear that you are finding it relatively easy because of your German background.

​@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279U're welcome. auf Deutsch: bitte schön!

I agree!

I think i've heard that William the conqueror did this on purpose since he found the old English "hw" too awkward and unpleasant to hear so just made it "wh" instead.

We just switched the Hw to be Wh to create orthographic consistency. Since we have Th, Sh, Ch, we also made Hw into Wh.

Thank you!

Thanks for that. So many have said the same thing.

þu is pronounced "thoo" and not "soo". I cannot comment on the rest of your question because I am not a linguist and have no knowledge of proto-indo-european.

djk M Have you ever heard anything about Grimm's Law? Voiceless stops became fricatives, so t became th, p became f, k, became ch, and so on.

“Oh _fric,_ I forgot about Grimm’s Law! I guess I’ll just _stop_ talking in my tracks!” 😏

Gorgum It's the old English pronunciation of thou (ou was pronounced oo)

Thank the Normans for that.

Possibly because English picked up a lot of loanwords, and cases make it difficult to jam other languages stolen words into your pockets. But take the case off, and voilá, it fits. :) (Yes that was an example)

@@oldenglishforeveryone-robe8279 You used the best sarcasm.

Thank goodness we don't have a multi gender language!

It is to all intents and purposes. You could go to north friesland a speak old english and the majority of what you said would be understood. You can see the connection straight away in the numbers.

Thanks for that as it helps to fill in the picture for me of where Old English fits in relation to the other northern European languages.

it's came from germanic, old english had not so many latin words as modern has now,

Hello Ottavva, I have added a link below that will give you access to an Excel file that contains the alphabet you need. Let me know if it works. drive.google.com/open?id=1O5wARO3cgNQZcYIdJeF_eJEvRxnXqnRR

Hello Jeremy! Is your comment in Afrikaans?

Yes, I learned some small pieces when I was studying South Africa and its history. I always wanted to learn the entirety of the language, however it has thus so far eluded my often hectic schedule.