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State and Explain first law of thermodynamics.
Ans: First law of thermodynamics also known as the "law of conservation of energy" has been stated in several ways as follows: "Energy neither can be created nor destroyed, although it can be converted from one form to another." OR "The total energy of an isolated system remains constant." OR "Whenever one kind of energy is produced an exactly equivalent quantity of another kind of energy must disappear." Suppose a system absorbs heat q from the surroundings to perform external work W, the heat absorbed will rise its internal energy and will also be used to do work. Therefore as per the first law of thermodynamics, Heat absorbed = Energy Change + Work done i.e. q = \Delta E + W Or \boxed { \Delta E = q - W } This is the mechanical expression of 1st law of thermodynamics.
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