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Fun fact: Jakub Sobieski, mentioned in the video, was the father of the famous future King John III Sobieski. His diary was the main source for one of the most prominent poets of Polish Baroque - Wacław Potocki, who wrote an epic poem _Transakcja wojny chocimskiej_ or simply _Wojna chocimska_ (The War of Chocim/Khotyn).

It's also important to note that Sahaidachny, the hetman of Zaporozhian Cossacks, died due to wounds received in the battle of Khotyn. The Moldavian conflict of 1620-21 essentially caused death of the three great leaders of the Commonwealth that led all the successful campaigns in the previous decade - Żółkiewski of the Polish army, Chodkiewicz of the Lithuanian army and Sahaidachny as the leader of Cossacks.

A curious fact: at Żółkiewski's burial place a latin inscription 'Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor' ("From my bones, avenger shall arise") was sculpted. Żółkiewski's great grandson? Jan III Sobieski.

The thing about Cossacks and Tartars is that governments could only really pretend they ruled them.

Bonus Fact: Sultan Osman was really young! He was born 3 November 1604, making him 16 at the time of the Battle!

Deep knowledge of the sources, understanding of the historical moment and neutral point of view - great video to watch! Greetings from a Ukrainian!

Poland has such a rich history! Thanks for covering this topic. Super interesting!

Greetings from Hungary! Loved the video, I am very interested in all aspects of Polish and PLC history. Fun fact: One of the greatest rulers of the PLC was a hungarian nobleman, Stephan Báthory. As always: Polak, Węgier - dwa bratanki, i do szabli, i do szklanki, oba zuchy, oba żwawi, niech im Pan Bóg błogosławi.

"refers to Light Cossack Cavalry (Pancerni)" - there is somethink wrong with this. "Pancerni" mean literally "armoured", and this term is usually used to call standard Polish cavalry of the time, protected with chainmail and armed sabers, bows and firearm. Calling them "light" cavalry sound wrong, especially when you have Lisowczycy, who use no armor at all, next to them.

A great video! I realy aprecciate its high quality. just one correction: Grand Crown Hetman, the old man Żółkiewski has not been captured by enemies during a tragic retreat from Tutora. He died refusing to escape (he killed his own horse) and died with a saber in his hand. This was his last stand. He chose to die in battle rather than bear the shame of defeat at home.. After all, he was the victor from Kłuszyn, who took Moscow in 1610. Curious fact: Żólkiewski was a grand grandfather of king John III Sobieski. Sobieski's mother taught him Latin on the examples of inscriptions written on the tomb of his great ancestor. The uncle and brother of king John also were killed by Tatars. John III himself was born in stormy night on a castle around which the Tatar invasion was raging. The fight against the Tatars and the Turks, one could say, was this man's destiny.

I would love to see more content about the Polish Lithuanian wars against the Ottomans.

Really great to see more popular videos about the history of early modern eastern Europe. Sahajdachny is such an interesting figure, he essentially saved the Ruthenian Orthodox Church in Kyiv along with his clergyman counterpart Petro Mohyla. After him the Cossacks were greatly strengthened, his raids on Constantinople and Anatolia were a significant drain on Ottoman resources too. He was a very respected figure, but also not afraid to levy political pressure on the crown and nobles through the Cossacks. Had he been in charge before 1648, the circumstances which forced Bohdan Khmelnytsky to rebel could have been avoided, and a lot of bloodshed.

I absolutely love this time period in this area. Would love to also see cossack, tatar and Russian history from this area as well since I don't see much on it.

I was playing cossacks III and the battle is very well presented in the game campaign!

"The Ottomans had no powder left" It's a testament to PLC's toughness. They endured so much that the freaking Ottomans spent their entire powder and didn't break through!

PLC history is so underrated. ps. I didn't expect that wholesome end. very well made video.

This is why I love you tube: so many amazing channels, and endless possibility to learn about other places' History.

I could not have died in a more legendary manner,.

i like how they were able to overcome mutual hatred and visited each other’s camps after the peace deal

I had never heard of this epic smackdown. It's strange how the Ottoman Empre is well-known, Muscovy is well-known, in fact every other great power at that time is still familiar to the average lay historian, but the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is not, even though it was one of the most powerful entities in Europe for centuries. I think this is partly due to the fact that every other of the major powers survived as independent entities until the modern day or at least the 20th Century, whereas the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth broke up into two separate countries, Poland was partitioned, Lithuania was subsumed into the Russian Empire and its identity was lost.

3:08 Problems between Poland-Lithuanian commonwealth & Ottomans increases after Osman II comes to the throne 8:04 The Commonwealth prepares for war 12:20 Ottomans march to Khotyn & battle ensues 16:10 Change in Ottoman strategy Jan Karol Chodkiewicz & the Winged Hussars 19:50 Further change in Osman II's strategy (focused attack on supply lines) 23:25 Chodkiewicz's death & resulting Ottoman pushes 25:26 Negotiation between Osman II & Lubomirski leads to the Treaty of Khotyn 27:43 Aftermath

Nice video yet a bit one-sided at the end. Since the results of Khotin is equally important for the Ottoman internal affairs. Osman II (also called Osman the Young) was one of the youngest and most energetic Sultans of the empire during its stagnation period. He was both talented, well educated and shrewd and also seen as the bright future of a failing state when he ascended to throne. When he enthroned by a coup d'état at his 14 he was supported by the palace bureaucrats, aristocracy and Janissary Corps alike. The sultans of that period, stagnation era, of the empire were generally tools in the hands of palace women and eunuchs since they were isolated in the palace grounds and even in their own apartments while they grew as crown princes. But Osman seems to have broken this cycle and made decisive steps towards being a competent ruler (as evidenced by the signing of the Treaty of Serav in 1618 with Safavid Sultanate of Persia which guaranteed the safety of the eastern Ottoman border). Khotyn changed everything. The easy victory that was perceived turned into a quagmire and a slug-fest that the technologically and theoretically weakening Ottoman Army was not ready for. But most importantly for Osman the battle put forward the inadequacy of the once fabled Jenissary Corps. The rank insubordination and unrulines of the Jenissaries were recorded in the Ottoman chronicles of the battle. The Jenissary Corps in the early 17th century itself became a political power and an important faction in Ottoman palace politics not very different from the Roman Empire's Preatorian Guard in the empire's decline in 2nd and 3rd centuries. Worse still, In early 1622 after a few months of Treaty of Khotyn, Osman II decided to start another campaign against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth yet the commanders (Aghas) of the Jenissary Corps flat out refused to commit their forces to another campaign. This seems to have become the final straw for Osman and he first closed the coffee shops (unoffical gathering places of Jenissaries) in Istanbul (Constantinople) and decided to disband the corps for a more state afilliated and modernized army from the eastern, Anatolian provinces. Yet when the news of his long term modernization plans were leaked to the street, Jenissary Coprs initiated a coup. It was not the first, nor the last, but maybe the most tragic. Because to this date no such coup had ended with the death of a Sultan. But Osman II was taken by Jenissaries to the Yedikule Dungeon, (allegedly) raped and murdered (by strangulation since it was considered wrong to shed the imperial blood) by Jenissary soldiers in 5 of May 1622. Osman II is largely considered the first Ottoman Sultans in the Period of Ottoman Stagnation that noticed the need of any kind of reform (a military one on this instance). Also he was the first Sultan who was deposed and murdered by Jenissaries. This coup can also be considered the first time we can perceive Jenissary Cops not as an effective fighting force but as a corrupt political faction. And all thanks to the stalemate and humiliating treaty of the Battle of Khotin.

Thanks for this video. I live just a few kilometers away from Khotin and did not know about this battle.

I would love to see you cover the 1673 battle of Khotyn as well. Thanks for covering the Commonwealth of Poland-Lithuania.

"...banned the sale of horses and nitrate, which was needed for the making of gunpowder." That's some unique gunpowder! Is their recipe intended to give it extra kick by increasing muzzle velocity from extra horsepower?

Got my Husaria sweatshirt on my birthday looks fire thanks m8

Great work! Like some youtube channels you don't use background sounds reminiscent of the dark power of Mordor when talking about the Ottoman Empire. Thank you for your natural and realistic work. Respect and love to Poland.

Дуже цікаве та якісно змонтоване відео! Велике дякую :)

Heartfelt thanks! Living thousands of miles away from Khotyn currentrly but born and raised there, I still feel a close inner connection with this city and its glorious history. Thank you ever so much for the great video!

Been watching all the old vids on yer channel. This brilliant one is clearly a turning point. This is fantastic!

Very high quality video

Regarding Ottoman looses, as I understand their retreat was even more costly than battle - due to early onset of winter they suffered tremendous marching looses on the way back to Adrianopol.

Greetings from Turkey Your videos are interesting. Please make a video about Siege of Nagykanizsa 1601. It's a great example for how you can defend a star-fortress during a siege.

At the same time ukrainian cossacks destoryed Mediterranean fleet of Osmans, which came to help Black sea fleet. Then attacked Konstantinopol. This campaign had two branches.

Your Polish pronunciation in this video is really impressive. Hats off. BTW, do you plan to make more documentaries involving Radosław Sikora or the history of Eastern European warfare and conflicts in general? I think the Siege of Moscow (1610-1612) seems to fit well the general theme of your channel. Especially since it was really dramatic (cannibalism for survival included).

Since I don't know this battle it's like watching UFC to me! The suspense of the back and forth was crazy, and I didn't know who was going to win!

It is sad that battles fought in Poland and around Poland are not known in the West - one has to note that this was the largest battle of 17th century followed by other battles... *also* fought in Poland. I.e. the largest military conflicts of 17th century took place... in Poland. By number of soldiers involved.

What an awesome video. The amount of work that went into it must have been insane really. Great content.

continuing my binge watching marathon. I gotta catch up to all your new vids.

Great video. Amazing job as always. Thank you for taking on the most underappreciated timeline and countries and showing it to the world.

Snow in the 27th of September? What? I'm still sweating my balls off in late September, how do they even grow food if it's so damn cold? I mean thats only 6 days after the "official" end of summer.

Hurrem Sultan, the wife of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and mother of Sultan Selim II, was from Ruthenia and she established great relations between the Ottomans and the Polish with her letters to Sigismund Augustus II. Thanks to her heritage, they were able to create a good formal relationship.

Thant was awesome! Thanks for putting so much effort into it! Jan Karol was a beast

Cool. Next thing I’ve been dying to see is an army comp and organization video on the Polish-Lithuanian, Ottoman and Russian armies during this time period and may be possibly previous time periods such as during the Fall of Constantinople and during the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans.

Dang that polish pronunciation is impressive

The Polish-Lithuanian empire ,despite being one of the largest and most powerful states in Europe,fell because of its constitution -the monarchy was elective and this alongside the liberum veto which mandated that if even one member of the parliament vetoed a piece of legislation it could not become law,meant that foreigners like the Russians,Austrians and Prussians etc could meddle in the country's affairs and this led to the empire's dissolution.

18:20 WHEN THE WINGGED HUSSARS ARRIVED

Always happy to see a new upload from SandRhoman

Turkey is the only country that did not recognize the partitions of Poland. According to legend, when all ambassadors and diplomats were presented to the sultan at the audience, after all ambassadors were presented, the herald uttered the sentence: "the envoy from Poland has not arrived yet"

Oh, you're sitting in a tight camp in harsh conditions for a long time? Well, here's our old friend, The Plague

It's worth pointing out that outside of Lisowczycy being a competent army unit they were often used in the same manners as the Tatars - burning villages, looting, ra...other things. Their fast movement and discipline made them extremely efficient in such attrition tactics (they were also quite famous for their cruelty which would have had an additional morale effect).

Well done documentary on an interesting time in history, informative AND entertaining. And thanks for getting all these professionals together for this excellent production!

The relationship between Zaporozhian Cossacs and Commonwh was a complicated one. A lot of Cossacks came from former peasants who ran away to escape their masters. Plus they were orthodox christian and there were tensions with Catholic Commonwealth. Some served the Commonwealth on a regular basis, others would organise several rebellions against the Commonwealth. Especially those who'd be calling themselves Zaporozhian Cossacs considered themselves "free men" and independent of Commonwealth rule, so they would not cease their raids turks whom they considered their enemy.

It is mind blowing that in the end the common soldiers celebrated and traded together. It just goes to show that most of the time, when left to their own devices, people would rather trade and celebrate than kill each other. It is the tyrants and despots who force us to hate and kill one another for their own gain, or in this sad case absolutely nothing. Great video as usual by the way!

What a spectacular work. This is so unbelievably fascinating!

Admirable piece of work! Thank you so much for bringing us such high quality content

You are creating great educational & entertaining content and I hope it brings you the success you strive for.

Thank you for the beautiful video, been waiting for this beautiful video

Love the details like the art and that you add stories like the soldiers visiting and trading after peace was signed, makes an interesting topic all the more interesting. 😍

This video sounded like a fun epic that you watch on TV or read about. With the whole situation being tense for the longest time. Shame more people don't know about this battle.

Great video!!! I am fairly well versed in History, but had never heard of this battle. It kind of makes me mad that that " Western Historians" give almost no info on this important engagement( at least in the texts that I have read). The number of troops involved and the fact that it was major check on the Ottomans should put this engagement on par with the 1683 siege of Vienna( forgive me if the date is wrong). Many thanks to you and the professor for shedding light on this subject, good job!!

This video was uploaded within a minute after Polka Omaru's music video went live I had to sacrifice Hololive in the name of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Awesome video. People in the west especially the US don’t realize how badass Poland was before they were basically dissolved by Prussia and Russian in the 18th century. Think most here just know of Poland for it 20th century history involving the holocaust and communism. Few of us here don’t realize the impact the commonwealth had on the Ottomans.

Wkradł się mały błąd. W bitwie pod Humiennem lisowczycy rozbili węgierską armie Jerzego Rakoczego. Gabor Bethlen oblegał wówczas Wiedeń, na wieść o klęsce wycofał się do Siedmiogrodu, dlatego bitwa pod Humiennem jest nazywana "pierwszą odsieczą Wiedeńską".

Top quality - as usual. I'm so glad I found your channel!

Who knew charging the same place repeatedly would not work…

Hetmans Zólkiewski and Chodkiewicz were some of the finest commanders Poland ever had.

Amazing video made brilliantly and a insight on something many including myself had no idea happened and not just that but the how and why as well.

You are amongst the finest documentary makers on KZfaq

Brilliant episode! The more Ottoman/ Polish content the better

Congrats on the collaboration!

Love the content! Long time history fan and I knew nothing of this, nice to see some oft uncovered places and times being covered. One thing I noticed right away is that when the Poles came together to decide what they should do they did it. In so many other stories you would hear "all the lords weren't happy with the increase in taxes and so secretly sided with the Ottomans." or "lord asswipe promised support but did not grant it, using this as an opportunity to advance his own career." One has to think this is why they were successful.

It can be a great series of videos: Battle of Moscow, cossac's raids on turkish cities, Polish wars with Sweden and Moskovits.

Great content! Learning so much about the early modern period thanks to you!

Brilliant work! Both entertaining and informative!

A great story told. By the way, 52 years later another battle took place at Khotyn

The ottomans strategies: -Use overwhelming numbers: Failed -Surround the defenders with artillery to break morale: Failed -Use treachery: Failed -Tell soldiers that enemy s’leader is dead: Failed -Starve them: Almost succeeded

Excellent presentation and learnt lots!! Wells one.

the funny part is I am currently reading Peter Wilson the Thirty Years War the European Tragedy that covered a few of these details

Is a Hetman like a Duke or would it be lower like a Baron?

So awesome!

I really like these videos with coverage of events around the major battle. It's interesting to see how much autonomy some of the various political/military leaders had at the different times. And interesting to see when they get choked by their Janissaries.

Commenting for that algorithmic engagement

Thanks for this interesting and previously unknown piece of history. Keep up the good work 😃

Great film, thanks!

Awesome. Love the concept of bringing in native speakers so you can make us of all the sources. Cool shit.

As a turk i say polish empire is our honorable and brave enemy im honored to fight with polish empire

Oh man, finally someone on KZfaq did a video on this battle.

Thank you for putting such effort in your content, it's always interesting and one feels your enthusiasm for making the best entertaining "education".

Such a great day for history fans!! Great video as always y'all! I thoughley enjoyed it!!

Fantastyczny pomysl I fantastyczna realizacja. Wielkie gratulacje!!!

Very good work. Glad to see detailed english speaking video on less known PLC history

Thank you very much! Very well explained. (I'm one of these "westeners" interested in Polish history)

28:00 I like how he shows the whole polish map, but only a third of the Ottoman Map :)) Whole video, same thing.

It's so cool that the fortress still stands.

An impressive video. Many thanks!

Incredible work. Shall be displayed in history classes around the world.

I just watched a video on another history channel, but your voice is much better. I like it much more than theirs. (They were Americans, and I KNOW that's not their fault. But here I am, back again.)

"cossacks" is a polish general term to describe a type of light cavalry, that often accompanied hussars, and had scouting and foraging duties. There were barely any real Cossacks in "cossack cavalry".